Human Impact on Oceans’ health
The health of the world’s oceans and
marine life is degrading rapidly as a result of excess human
activities
Over exploitation of resources Fishing activities Pollution (Persistent, Spills,…)
Plastics
Persistant, chronic & long-term pollution
Synthetic Hormones
Bisphenol A
Phtalates
Reproductive problems & cancer
Pharmaceuticals
& cosmetics
DDT Biomagnification
DDTconcentrations in living organisms tissues rise along the trophic chain
Methylmercury Bioaccumulation
Tissue concentrations rise with age
Hake Merluccius merluccius (demersal)
Thicklip grey mullet Chelon labrosus
Anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus (pelagic)
Turbot Scophthalmus maximus
Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis
Cod fish Gadus morhua
Slug Arion ater
Earthworm Eisenia fetida
SENTINEL SPECIES
SHORT-TERM RESPONSE
LOW ECOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
HIGH ECOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
LONG-TERM RESPONSE
Biochemical parameters
Detoxification enzymes
Physiological parameters
Immunological parameters
Histopathological parameters
Condition bioenergetics
Population & community
Reproductive competence
BIOMARKER (early-warning signals)
Measurements at single level of biological complexity that indicate the presence of pollutants (exposure biomarkers) or the
magnitude of organism responses (effects biomarkers) (MacCarthy and Shugart, 1990)
Short-term indicators of long-term biological effects
Organometallic compounds (TBT) Antifouling agent Forbidden 2003 (Regulation 782/2003 EC ) Imposex
1979: Oysters Arcachon (France)
Cantabria
APRIL 04/05/06
JULY 03/04/05
SEPTEMBER 03
OCTOBER 04/05
1 SÃO BARTOLOMEU 2 ONS 3 CIES 4 OIA 5 AGUIÑO 6 CALDEBARCOS 7 CAMELLE 8 SEGAÑO 9 ESTACA
10 LLANES 11 SAN VICENTE 12 SUANCES 13 PEDREÑA 14 LAREDO 15 MUSKIZ 16 ARRIGUNAGA 17 GORLIZ 18 BAKIO 19 MUNDAKA 20 MUTRIKU 21 ORIO 22 HONDARRIBIA
Mussel Watch: effects of POS
SCREENING
July 2003 Sep 2003 April 2004
July 2004 Oct 2004 April 2005
July 2005 Oct 2005 April 2006
Lysosomal Destabilisation
Lysosomal Enlargement
Lysosomal Size Reduction
3
2
1
00.5
-1
-2
-3
1 1.5 32.52LP Component (B)
15-Muskiz 16-Arrigunaga 17-Gorliz 18-Bakio 19-Mundaka 20-Mutriku 21-Orio 22-Hondarribia
July-03
Oct-04 April-05 July-05 Oct-05 April-06
July-04 April-04 Sept-03
Lysosomal Response Index
(LRI)
Biscay Bay
Lysosomal Destabilisation
Lysosomal Enlargement
Lysosomal Size Reduction
3
2
1
00.5
-1
-2
-3
1 1.5 32.52LP Component (B)
10-Llanes 11-San Vicente 12-Suances 13-Pedreña 14-Laredo
July-03
Oct-04 April-05 July-05 Oct-05 April-06
July-04 April-04 Sept-03
Unstressed (LRI<0.5)
Distress signal (0.5 <LRI<1)
Moderately stressed (1<LRI<√2) Highly stressed (LRI >√2)
Mussel Watch: effects of POS
No problematic zone
Zone with potential environmental problem
Zone with environmental risk
Deteriorated environmental zone
10. LLANES 11. SAN VICENTE 12. SUANCES 13. PEDREÑA 14. LAREDO 15. MUSKIZ 16. ARRIGUNAGA 17. GORLIZ 18. BAKIO 19. MUNDAKA 20. MUTRIKU 21. ORIO 22. HONDARRIBIA
EHCC Biscay Bay
10 12 13 14 15
16
17
18
19
April-03
July-03
Sep-03
April-04
July-04
Oct-04
April-05
July-05
Oct-05
April-06
11 20 21 22
AOXexp AOXeff
LP VvL
VvBAS MLR MET
CIIR CIPI
After RBU-Rep (1994)
Ecosystem health indices Ecological Health Condition Chart (EHCC)
PLENTZIAKO ITSAS-ESTAZIOA (PIE) ITSAS-BIOLOGIA ETA -BIOTEKNOLOGIARAKO ESTAZIO ESPERIMENTALA ESTACION EXPERIMENTAL DE BIOLOGIA Y BIOTECNOLOGIA MARINAS EXPERIMENTAL STATION FOR MARINE BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
BiO MARKERS ASSAYS TOXINS DRUGS SENSORS REMEDIATION
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR ECOSYSTEM HEALTH
ORGANISATION Three functional units: Environment &
Resources Education Unit
Ocean & Health
Research Unit
Exp. services Unit
ENVIRONMENT & RESOURCES
EDUCATION UNIT
MASTERS COURSES
DOCTORALPROGRAMMES
LIFE LONGLEARNING
DISSEMINATION & AWARENESS
OCEAN & HEALTH RESEARCH UNIT
DIAGNOseas
DISEAseas
PROGNOseas
PROPHEseas
DELICATEseaN
BIOMEDIseaN
MBB EXPERIMENTAL SERVICES UNIT
EXPERIMENTAL AQUARIUM
MBB RESEARCH LABS
BBEBB
PL3 BIOSAFETY AQUARIUM
GLOBALOBSERVATORY
ENVIRONMENT & RESOURCES EDUCATION UNIT • LLL courses • International Postgraduate Courses • Postgraduate & doctorate formation (national and international)
OUTREACH
•Scientific meetings •PIE MBB Seminars •Topical workshops • Open Lab Programme •Cinema-Club Programme •HSGS Conferences •Summer Marine Science Camp •Slow Science Programme
www.merconsortium.eu
MASTERS OF SCIENCE Eur MSc in Marine Environment & Resources - MER Consortium Environmental Contamination & Toxicology (MDC) DOCTORAL PROGRAMMES Marine Environment & Resources (MHE) Environmental Contamination & Toxicology (MHE)
MARINE ECOSYSTEM HEALTH
how human activities can influence ecosystem health how alterations in ecosystem health embrace a risk for human health/wealth
DIAGNOseas: understand marine ecosystem health and disease, develop methodologies and technologies for marine ecosystem health assessment,
apply these bio-tools in biological effects monitoring programmes
ECODIseas: characterise and understand the effects of environmental alterations (stress, chemicals, bio-toxins, pathogens) on the health
of marine wildlife and resources (fisheries, aquaculture)
PROPHEseas: understand how global syndromes (global warming, ocean acidification, invasive species) impinge on ecosystem health and its assessment
(integrate scales at different levels of biological complexity, transgress time scales, foresee tools of the future such as most advanced analytical and molecular technologies, and develop an environmental bio-specimen bank)
OCEAN & HEALTH RESEARCH UNIT It is aimed at acquiring knowledge and at developing tools (biotechnology) for marine ecosystem health assessment (biomarkers, bioassays, biosensors, and biodiversity) and seafood quality and safety assurance, and at exploring marine resources of interest in biomedicine (biotoxins, biodrugs, alternative bioassay models)
ENVIRON HUMAN HEALTH
DELICATESseaN (Seafood Safety and Quality Research Programme): fish and shellfish wellbeing, pathogens, bio-toxins and chemical pollutants in
seafood, and environmental factors affecting seafood quality
BIOMEDIseaN (Marine Resources for Biomedicine Research Programme): biodiversity exploration, marine chemical ecology, genes of pharmaceutical
interest, characterisation and risk assessment of biologically active natural compounds (bio-toxins, biodrugs) of biomedical interest, alternative animal models in biomedical research & environmental risk assessment
COMMON TO RF MEH & RF EHH
• PROGNOseas (Environmental Risk Assessment Research Programme): develop and apply assays for environmental regulatory policies (i.e., methodologies/technologies for integral ecotoxicological assessment of the
environmental risk of chemical compounds/spills)
OCEAN & HEALTH RESEARCH UNIT It is aimed at acquiring knowledge and at developing tools (biotechnology) for marine ecosystem health assessment (biomarkers, bioassays, biosensors, and biodiversity) and seafood quality and safety assurance, and at exploring marine resources of interest in biomedicine (biotoxins, biodrugs, alternative bioassay models)
MBB EXPERIMENTAL SERVICES UNIT •Field Services •MBB Seawater Experimentation •MBB Research & Analysis •Environmental Bioespecimen Banking •Environmental Bioanalytical Chemistry •Global Environment Observatory
SPECIAL FACILITIES PL3 Biosafety Aquarium (aquatic pathology) Experimental seawater mesocosmos Modern laboratories: Cell & Mol Biology, Histology, Microbiology, Quant Microscopy, and Analytical Chemistry Multiuse laboratories (occasional users)
Eskerrik asko!!! Thanks!!!
Cell Biology in Environmental Toxicology Res Grp www.ehu.es/GrupoBCTA Cell Biology and Histology Lab - Plentzia Marine Station Zoology and Animal Cell Biology Dept University of the Basque Country
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