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PHOENICS User Conference 2004PHOENICS User Conference 2004
“Applying CFD to Environmental Flows”
Eric Jal
Connell Wagner, Melbourne, Australia
3-5 May 2004 - Melbourne, Australia
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Environmental consequences within the built environment are becoming a crucial issue in engineering project developments
Increasingly common to use CFD in the design process to assess and optimise environmental flow impacts relating to:-• pedestrian comfort and safety• exhaust emissions• airborne dispersion• snow deposition
IntroductionIntroduction
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PHOENICS CFD code has been usedTECPLOT used for results visualisationSeveral case studies will be presented:-
• City Square - Melbourne, Australia• Holdfast Shores - Adelaide, Australia• Urban City Planning - Wellington, NZ• Perisher Valley Resort - NSW, Australia• City Link Stack - Melbourne, Australia• Holden Sand Bins - Melbourne, Australia
Project Case StudiesProject Case Studies
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City Square - Melbourne, Australia
Case Study - City SquareCase Study - City Square
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The Melbourne CBD City Square precinct incorporates an underground car park
Due to architectural constraints the exhaust stack is through a street level cafe
Concerns were raised of the discharge upon café patrons and upon adjacent buildings (hotel with exposed balconies)
CFD study conducted to assess effect of stack discharge for different wind condition
Provide optimised stack solution
City Square - Design ScopeCity Square - Design Scope
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Exhaust Discharge : 3m/s Southerly Wind (22oC Day)
City Square - Design Analysis City Square - Design Analysis
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Exhaust Discharge : 3.5m/s Westerly Wind (22oC Day)
City Square - Design Analysis City Square - Design Analysis
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Holdfast Shores - Adelaide, Australia
Case Study - Holdfast ShoresCase Study - Holdfast Shores
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Multi-use precinct development situated at Glenelg on Adelaide’s coastal strip
Pedestrian comfort and safety concerns on a footbridge due to it’s position (“wind-gully”)
CFD modelling analysis was conducted
Assessment performed of various proposed ‘wind-break’ structures (with key aesthetic feature must have minimal visual impact)
Holdfast Shores - Design ScopeHoldfast Shores - Design Scope
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Environmental Wind Flow : 9.25m/s Westerly Wind
Holdfast Shores - Design Holdfast Shores - Design Analysis Analysis
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Urban City Planning - Wellington, New Zealand
Case Study - Urban City PlanningCase Study - Urban City Planning
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Pedestrian comfort and safety aspects are a prominent issue for urban city planning
In Wellington specific rules apply as proviso for permitted building developments (over four storeys high)
Property developers and designers must demonstrate no adverse effects on the local wind conditions around the building vicinity
Establish that CFD can be a useful tool
Urban City Planning - Design Urban City Planning - Design ScopeScope
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Environmental Wind Flow : 21m/s Northerly Wind
Urban City Planning - Design Urban City Planning - Design AnalysisAnalysis
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Perisher Valley Resort - NSW, Australia
Case Study - Perisher Valley Case Study - Perisher Valley ResortResort
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Issues were raised during Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) concerning likely snow drifting around redeveloped resort
Two configurations were analysed with CFD to establish snow deposition around the buildings and pedestrian concourse areas
A two-phase CFD model was developedThe study demonstrated that CFD could be
utilised as a practical tool for architectural planning purposes
Perisher Valley Resort - Design Perisher Valley Resort - Design ScopeScope
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Environmental Wind Flow : 25km/hr WSW Wind
Perisher Valley Resort - Design Perisher Valley Resort - Design AnalysisAnalysis
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City Link Burnley Stack - Melbourne, Australia
Case Study - City Link Burnley Case Study - City Link Burnley StackStack
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Emissions from the vent stacks need to be monitored (EPA policy) to ensure pollutant concentrations are within statutory levels
During commissioning it was found that the discharge flow within the exhaust stack was non-uniform and as a consequence the flow could not be sampled and measured
CFD study was undertaken to establish flow characteristics and determine a satisfactory solution to overcome the problem
City Link Burnley Stack - Design City Link Burnley Stack - Design ScopeScope
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Stack Exhaust : As Built Configuration
City Link Stack - Design AnalysisCity Link Stack - Design Analysis
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Stack Exhaust : Modified Shaft Geometry Configuration
City Link Stack - Design AnalysisCity Link Stack - Design Analysis
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Fugitive Emissions : Industrial Sand Storage Bins
Case Study - Fugitive EmissionsCase Study - Fugitive Emissions
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Project case studies have shown the use of CFD for assessing and optimising solutions related to environmental flows
Issues relating to exhaust emissions, snow deposition, airborne dispersion, pedestrian comfort and safety can be addressed with CFD and can also provide cost benefits
Anticipated that CFD will be a useful tool and essential aid for urban developers, architectural designers and environmental planners for the built environment design
Conclusions Conclusions
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Presentation End Presentation End
ThankThank youyou!!
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