Pavement condition survey and assessment
A Canada-Germany Summer Workshop„Hands on sustainable urban mobility“
Montréal, June 2013
Dipl.-Ing. Antonius Schniering, TÜV Rheinland Schniering GmbH
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Motivation
70 million bicycles in Germany 30 billion kilometers travelled annually -> 10% of total trafficCycling is regarded to be emission free.
High political interest in�construction of new bikeways�extension of existing bikeways�improvement of bikeways to provide attractive cycle tours for tourists
National Bikeway Plan 2002 – 2012 - 2020 with an annual investment volume of approx. CAD 100 million to increase the traffic share of bicycles.
Bikeways adjacent to National and Federal Roads are believed to be worth more than CAD 1.2 billion.
For economical and safety reasons a regular survey and assessment of the bikeway network is necessary.
The survey results should be precise, objective and applicable for a management system.
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ARGUS
More than 20 years experience with Pavement Monitoring on all kinds of roads in Germany and Europe with ARGUS
ARGUS – multifunctional pavement monitoring system
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Survey types
manual
multifunctional
measurement
technology
walkways gravel roads federal state roads
bikeways urban roads national roads
occasionally systematic
object related network wide
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The Goal
multifunctional
measurement
technology
walkways gravel roads federal state roads
bikeways urban roads national roads
occasionally systematic
object related network wide
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� low efficiency� poor objectivity
Manual Survey
Source: State Governement for transportation Brandenburg
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ARGUS – Agil I
ARGUS – Agil Imultifunctional measurement system for condition survey on bikeways, walkways and minor roads
equipped with:-HD digital video-laser distance sensors-accelerometers-inclinometers-gyroscop-GPS-sensor-odometer-safety lights
to record:-longitudinal eveness (both wheel tracks)-slope-surface distress-track documentation
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ARGUS Agil I – Reference projects
� 2007 / 2008 Bikeways adjacent to Federal Roads in Brandenburg 1.700 kilometer
� 2009 Bikeways in the city of Münster20 kilometer
� 2009 / 2010 Bikeways adjacent to Federal Roads in Schleswig-Holstein2.100 kilometer
� 2010 Bikeways in Niedersachsen4.600 kilometer
� 2011 Bikeways in Schleswig-Holstein150 kilometer
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ARGUS Agil Survey performance
Typical daily survey performance: 25 - 50 km
Typical survey season: April to September
Possible annual survey per device: approx. 4,000 to 6,000 kilometer (depending on weather and type of bikeway network)
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ARGUS Agil II
Additional components compared to ARGUS Agil I
- extended operational range and speed
- macrotexture laser sensor
- additional rear video camera
- second GPS unit
- improved longitudinal evennessmeasurement system in both wheel tracks,independent of measurement speed (HRM principle, 1 profile point per cm)
- no transportation vehicle required for the project
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ARGUS Agil Benefits
- Multi-functional (evenness, slope, surface distress, geo-referenced digital video, GPS)- High speed survey system – runs at the speed of traffic (measurement velocity up to 60 km/h) - Objective data (measurement technology instead of manual data entries)- Precise results (through the use of laser technology and high resolution digital video technology)- Geo-referencing by GPS, gyroscope and high resolution odometer (DMI)- No additional safety procedures required
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Evaluation indicators and grid
In Germany indicators for bikeway condition surveys are not standardized yet. Common indicators are:-General uneveness-Steps-Dips-Cracks-Patches-Loss of Material
Surface distress data is captured on a 1m-grid basis.
For assessment data is aggregated to form longer sections (in general 10m on bikeways).
Source: Heller Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH
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Reference system and projection
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Surface distress cracks
Single crack and uneveness due to roots Multiple cracks
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Surface distress cracks
RIS = cracks RISK = cracks with negative effect on riding comfort
Source: Heller Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH
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Surface distress patches
FLI = patches FLIK = patches with negative affect on riding comfort
Source: Heller Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH
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Loss of material
SUB = loss of materialSource: Heller Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH
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Eveness steps
VER = steps Source: Heller Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH
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Eveness dip
SEN = dip or settling
Source: Heller Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH
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Paving stones distress
broken edges
misalignment
heaving
missing stones
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Assessment
Indicators
Normalization
Grades
Weighting
Combination
TW1: usability and safety valueTW2: substance value
GW: overall value
mathematical combination
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Digital video
Digital video pictures also allow for the determination of
- lane width
- signs (type, condition, position, height)
- markings (type, size, condition)
- street lights (type, position, height)
- drainage (type, position, condition)
- vegetation
- junctions, crossings, curbs
- bollards, obstacles, fences and more …
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Presentation of results
Source: Heller Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH
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Outlook
Extensions to ARGUS Agil- Additional laser scanner for
transversal evenness- Extended satellite navigation
(GLONASS, Galileo)- Extend inertial measurement unit Goal: to produce a digital 3D surface image
Establish a standard for condition survey and assessment of bikeways as a basis for a Bikeway Management System!
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