OurOur Catholic Catholic FaithFaith Living What We BelieveLiving What We Believe
CHAPTER 6CHAPTER 6The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
Our Need for Signs and SymbolsOur Need for Signs and Symbols
Baptism Baptism
ConfirmationConfirmation
EucharistEucharist
The Liturgical YearThe Liturgical Year
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
Our Need for Signs and SymbolsOur Need for Signs and Symbols
Sacraments Sacraments
Christ left his Church the sacraments: special Christ left his Church the sacraments: special symbols of God’s love and important signs symbols of God’s love and important signs of grace and divine friendship of grace and divine friendship
A sacrament is a “visible sign of an invisible A sacrament is a “visible sign of an invisible reality, a visible sign of invisible grace.” reality, a visible sign of invisible grace.” (St. (St. Augustine of Hippo)Augustine of Hippo)
Sacraments Sacraments
Christ left his Church the sacraments: special Christ left his Church the sacraments: special symbols of God’s love and important signs symbols of God’s love and important signs of grace and divine friendship of grace and divine friendship
A sacrament is a “visible sign of an invisible A sacrament is a “visible sign of an invisible reality, a visible sign of invisible grace.” reality, a visible sign of invisible grace.” (St. (St. Augustine of Hippo)Augustine of Hippo)
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
Our Need for Signs and SymbolsOur Need for Signs and Symbols
The three Sacraments of InitiationThe three Sacraments of InitiationThe three Sacraments of InitiationThe three Sacraments of Initiation
BaptismBaptism brings new life in Christbrings new life in Christ
ConfirmationConfirmation strengthens the new lifestrengthens the new life
EucharistEucharist nourishes Catholics with nourishes Catholics with Christ’s Body and BloodChrist’s Body and Blood
BaptismBaptism brings new life in Christbrings new life in Christ
ConfirmationConfirmation strengthens the new lifestrengthens the new life
EucharistEucharist nourishes Catholics with nourishes Catholics with Christ’s Body and BloodChrist’s Body and Blood
• They “gather in” God’s people and make us members of Christ’s Body, the Church
• They give us the life of Christ and bestow the gift of the Holy Spirit so that we can be Christ for others
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
Our Need for Signs and SymbolsOur Need for Signs and Symbols
Initiation in the Early ChurchInitiation in the Early Church Most converts were adults and initiation was seen as a Most converts were adults and initiation was seen as a
journey that took place in stagesjourney that took place in stages Sponsors helped them prepare through a three-year Sponsors helped them prepare through a three-year
period of prayer, fasting, and self-denial period of prayer, fasting, and self-denial After a forty-day period of prayer and formal After a forty-day period of prayer and formal
instruction in the faith during Lent, they received instruction in the faith during Lent, they received all three Sacraments at the Easter Vigilall three Sacraments at the Easter Vigil
The bishop was the main celebrantThe bishop was the main celebrant Catechumens were questioned and anointed with oilCatechumens were questioned and anointed with oil
Initiation in the Early ChurchInitiation in the Early Church Most converts were adults and initiation was seen as a Most converts were adults and initiation was seen as a
journey that took place in stagesjourney that took place in stages Sponsors helped them prepare through a three-year Sponsors helped them prepare through a three-year
period of prayer, fasting, and self-denial period of prayer, fasting, and self-denial After a forty-day period of prayer and formal After a forty-day period of prayer and formal
instruction in the faith during Lent, they received instruction in the faith during Lent, they received all three Sacraments at the Easter Vigilall three Sacraments at the Easter Vigil
The bishop was the main celebrantThe bishop was the main celebrant Catechumens were questioned and anointed with oilCatechumens were questioned and anointed with oil
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
Our Need for Signs and SymbolsOur Need for Signs and Symbols
Initiation in the Early ChurchInitiation in the Early Church They were plunged into the baptismal waters three timesThey were plunged into the baptismal waters three times The five senses were anointed and the Holy Spirit The five senses were anointed and the Holy Spirit
invoked (Confirmation)invoked (Confirmation) The neophytes received white garments to symbolize a The neophytes received white garments to symbolize a
new life in Christnew life in Christ The neophytes received candles to remind them of their The neophytes received candles to remind them of their
new vocation to be the light of Christnew vocation to be the light of Christ The Eucharist was celebrated and they received their The Eucharist was celebrated and they received their
first Holy Communionfirst Holy Communion
Initiation in the Early ChurchInitiation in the Early Church They were plunged into the baptismal waters three timesThey were plunged into the baptismal waters three times The five senses were anointed and the Holy Spirit The five senses were anointed and the Holy Spirit
invoked (Confirmation)invoked (Confirmation) The neophytes received white garments to symbolize a The neophytes received white garments to symbolize a
new life in Christnew life in Christ The neophytes received candles to remind them of their The neophytes received candles to remind them of their
new vocation to be the light of Christnew vocation to be the light of Christ The Eucharist was celebrated and they received their The Eucharist was celebrated and they received their
first Holy Communionfirst Holy Communion
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
Our Need for Signs and SymbolOur Need for Signs and Symbol
Initiation todayInitiation today After AD 313, most Catholics were baptized in infancyAfter AD 313, most Catholics were baptized in infancy Holy Communion is typically received at age sevenHoly Communion is typically received at age seven The Second Vatican Council restored the ancient way The Second Vatican Council restored the ancient way
of initiating adults into the Churchof initiating adults into the Church The Catechumenate has distinct The Catechumenate has distinct
steps, consisting of four periods steps, consisting of four periods and three stages and are found in and three stages and are found in the the Rite of Christian Initiation of Rite of Christian Initiation of AdultsAdults (RCIA) (RCIA)
Initiation todayInitiation today After AD 313, most Catholics were baptized in infancyAfter AD 313, most Catholics were baptized in infancy Holy Communion is typically received at age sevenHoly Communion is typically received at age seven The Second Vatican Council restored the ancient way The Second Vatican Council restored the ancient way
of initiating adults into the Churchof initiating adults into the Church The Catechumenate has distinct The Catechumenate has distinct
steps, consisting of four periods steps, consisting of four periods and three stages and are found in and three stages and are found in the the Rite of Christian Initiation of Rite of Christian Initiation of AdultsAdults (RCIA) (RCIA)
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
BaptismBaptism
Baptism is foreshadowed in the Old Testament Baptism is foreshadowed in the Old Testament accounts of creation and the Great Floodaccounts of creation and the Great Flood
In the New Testament Jesus himself was In the New Testament Jesus himself was baptized and commanded:baptized and commanded:
Baptism is foreshadowed in the Old Testament Baptism is foreshadowed in the Old Testament accounts of creation and the Great Floodaccounts of creation and the Great Flood
In the New Testament Jesus himself was In the New Testament Jesus himself was baptized and commanded:baptized and commanded:
Go, therefore, and make disciples ofall nations, baptizing them in the name
of the Father, and of the Son, and ofthe holy Spirit, teaching them all that
I have commanded you. Mt 28:19-20
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
BaptismBaptism
Infant BaptismInfant Baptism
The practice of infant Baptism shows that Salvation is a pure gift of Christ’s grace that extends even to children. The practice of infant Baptism shows that Salvation is a pure gift of Christ’s grace that extends even to children.
It shows that that the Church relies on the faith of the parents, godparents, and all the Church to ensure that It shows that that the Church relies on the faith of the parents, godparents, and all the Church to ensure that infants are baptized in a faith-filled environmentinfants are baptized in a faith-filled environment
The essential rite is when the minister pours water on the head of the child three times and The essential rite is when the minister pours water on the head of the child three times and pronounces the words, “N., I baptized pronounces the words, “N., I baptized you in the name of the Father, and you in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.” of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.”
Infant BaptismInfant Baptism
The practice of infant Baptism shows that Salvation is a pure gift of Christ’s grace that extends even to children. The practice of infant Baptism shows that Salvation is a pure gift of Christ’s grace that extends even to children.
It shows that that the Church relies on the faith of the parents, godparents, and all the Church to ensure that It shows that that the Church relies on the faith of the parents, godparents, and all the Church to ensure that infants are baptized in a faith-filled environmentinfants are baptized in a faith-filled environment
The essential rite is when the minister pours water on the head of the child three times and The essential rite is when the minister pours water on the head of the child three times and pronounces the words, “N., I baptized pronounces the words, “N., I baptized you in the name of the Father, and you in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.” of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.”
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
BaptismBaptism
Symbols of Baptism Symbols of Baptism Symbols of Baptism Symbols of Baptism
SymbolSymbol
WaterWater
OilOil
White White garmentgarment
CandleCandle
SymbolSymbol
WaterWater
OilOil
White White garmentgarment
CandleCandle
MeaningMeaning
cleansing, death to an old life of sin and rebirth into cleansing, death to an old life of sin and rebirth into new life with Christnew life with Christ
anointing with Christ (the “anointed one”), we belong anointing with Christ (the “anointed one”), we belong to him, we receive the Holy Spirit who protects, to him, we receive the Holy Spirit who protects, guides, strengthensguides, strengthens
purity, happiness, and a new identity of living in purity, happiness, and a new identity of living in union with the Lordunion with the Lord
Christ is the light of the world and his followers Christ is the light of the world and his followers should be Christ’s light to othersshould be Christ’s light to others
MeaningMeaning
cleansing, death to an old life of sin and rebirth into cleansing, death to an old life of sin and rebirth into new life with Christnew life with Christ
anointing with Christ (the “anointed one”), we belong anointing with Christ (the “anointed one”), we belong to him, we receive the Holy Spirit who protects, to him, we receive the Holy Spirit who protects, guides, strengthensguides, strengthens
purity, happiness, and a new identity of living in purity, happiness, and a new identity of living in union with the Lordunion with the Lord
Christ is the light of the world and his followers Christ is the light of the world and his followers should be Christ’s light to othersshould be Christ’s light to others
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
BaptismBaptism
Effects of BaptismEffects of BaptismEffects of BaptismEffects of Baptism
Baptism forgives both Original Sin and personal sin and remits all punishment due to sin
Baptism gives us birth into a new life in Christ
Baptism gives us birth into a new life in Christ
Baptism initiates and incorporates us into Christ’s Body, the Church Baptism seals Christians with and
indelible spiritual character that marks us as belonging to Christ
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
ConfirmationConfirmation
The Sacrament of Confirmation completes the The Sacrament of Confirmation completes the sacramental grace of Baptismsacramental grace of Baptism
Today Confirmation is often received in the teen Today Confirmation is often received in the teen years to help represent a teen’s increasing years to help represent a teen’s increasing personal commitment to the faithpersonal commitment to the faith
Prayer and the Sacrament of Prayer and the Sacrament of Penance are part of the Penance are part of the preparation for the sacramentpreparation for the sacrament
A sponsor accompanies the A sponsor accompanies the candidate in preparation for candidate in preparation for the ritethe rite
The Sacrament of Confirmation completes the The Sacrament of Confirmation completes the sacramental grace of Baptismsacramental grace of Baptism
Today Confirmation is often received in the teen Today Confirmation is often received in the teen years to help represent a teen’s increasing years to help represent a teen’s increasing personal commitment to the faithpersonal commitment to the faith
Prayer and the Sacrament of Prayer and the Sacrament of Penance are part of the Penance are part of the preparation for the sacramentpreparation for the sacrament
A sponsor accompanies the A sponsor accompanies the candidate in preparation for candidate in preparation for the ritethe rite
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
ConfirmationConfirmation
The effects of ConfirmationThe effects of Confirmation The full outpouring of the Holy SpiritThe full outpouring of the Holy Spirit Binding us more closely to the Church Binding us more closely to the Church
and more firmly to Christand more firmly to Christ Increasing the gifts of the Holy Spirit in us, Increasing the gifts of the Holy Spirit in us,
especially his strength to spread and defend the Christian faith by word and deedespecially his strength to spread and defend the Christian faith by word and deed
Like Baptism, Confirmation imprints an indelible spiritual mark on the soul and so can be received only Like Baptism, Confirmation imprints an indelible spiritual mark on the soul and so can be received only onceonce
The effects of ConfirmationThe effects of Confirmation The full outpouring of the Holy SpiritThe full outpouring of the Holy Spirit Binding us more closely to the Church Binding us more closely to the Church
and more firmly to Christand more firmly to Christ Increasing the gifts of the Holy Spirit in us, Increasing the gifts of the Holy Spirit in us,
especially his strength to spread and defend the Christian faith by word and deedespecially his strength to spread and defend the Christian faith by word and deed
Like Baptism, Confirmation imprints an indelible spiritual mark on the soul and so can be received only Like Baptism, Confirmation imprints an indelible spiritual mark on the soul and so can be received only onceonce
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
ConfirmationConfirmation
Roots and history of ConfirmationRoots and history of Confirmation In the Old Testament, the prophets promised In the Old Testament, the prophets promised
the Spirit would rest on the Messiahthe Spirit would rest on the Messiah In the New Testament, the origin is found in the In the New Testament, the origin is found in the
apostolic laying on of handsapostolic laying on of hands In the Western Church the custom grew of the In the Western Church the custom grew of the
bishop “confirming” the baptismal bishop “confirming” the baptismal commitment of those baptized as infantscommitment of those baptized as infants
Eastern Rite Churches administer all three Eastern Rite Churches administer all three initiation sacraments at the same timeinitiation sacraments at the same time
Roots and history of ConfirmationRoots and history of Confirmation In the Old Testament, the prophets promised In the Old Testament, the prophets promised
the Spirit would rest on the Messiahthe Spirit would rest on the Messiah In the New Testament, the origin is found in the In the New Testament, the origin is found in the
apostolic laying on of handsapostolic laying on of hands In the Western Church the custom grew of the In the Western Church the custom grew of the
bishop “confirming” the baptismal bishop “confirming” the baptismal commitment of those baptized as infantscommitment of those baptized as infants
Eastern Rite Churches administer all three Eastern Rite Churches administer all three initiation sacraments at the same timeinitiation sacraments at the same time
While Apollos was in Corinth, Paul traveled through the interior of the country and came (down) to Ephesus where he found some disciples. He said to them, them, "Did you receive the holy Spirit when you became believers?” Theyanswered him, “We have never even heard that there is a
holy Spirit.“ He said, “How were you baptized?" They replied, "With the baptism of John.“ Paul then said, "John baptized with a baptism of repentance, telling the people to believe in the one who was to come after him, that is,
in Jesus.“ When they heard this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. And when Paul laid (his) hands
on them, the holy Spirit came upon them, and they spoke in tongues and prophesied.
Acts 19:1-6
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
ConfirmationConfirmation
The Rite of ConfirmationThe Rite of Confirmation Renewal of baptismal promises Renewal of baptismal promises
and profession of faithand profession of faith The bishop extends hands overThe bishop extends hands over
the confirmands and invokes the the confirmands and invokes the outpouring of the Holy Spirit outpouring of the Holy Spirit
The minister anoints the forehead with Chrism, The minister anoints the forehead with Chrism, lands on his hand, and recites the words: “Be lands on his hand, and recites the words: “Be sealed with the Gift of the Holy Spirit.”sealed with the Gift of the Holy Spirit.”
The sign of peace concludes the rite The sign of peace concludes the rite
The Rite of ConfirmationThe Rite of Confirmation Renewal of baptismal promises Renewal of baptismal promises
and profession of faithand profession of faith The bishop extends hands overThe bishop extends hands over
the confirmands and invokes the the confirmands and invokes the outpouring of the Holy Spirit outpouring of the Holy Spirit
The minister anoints the forehead with Chrism, The minister anoints the forehead with Chrism, lands on his hand, and recites the words: “Be lands on his hand, and recites the words: “Be sealed with the Gift of the Holy Spirit.”sealed with the Gift of the Holy Spirit.”
The sign of peace concludes the rite The sign of peace concludes the rite
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
EucharistEucharist
Sacrament of the EucharistSacrament of the Eucharist Completes a person’s Christian initiationCompletes a person’s Christian initiation Is foreshadowed when: Is foreshadowed when:
●● the priest Melchizedek offered God bread and wine the priest Melchizedek offered God bread and wine
●● God gave manna to the Chosen People God gave manna to the Chosen People
●● Jesus’ multiplied the loaves and fishes Jesus’ multiplied the loaves and fishes
●● Jesus changes water into wine at Cana Jesus changes water into wine at Cana
●● Jesus declared the importance of Jesus declared the importance of eating his body and drinking his blood eating his body and drinking his blood
●● Jesus celebrated the Last Supper Jesus celebrated the Last Supper
Sacrament of the EucharistSacrament of the Eucharist Completes a person’s Christian initiationCompletes a person’s Christian initiation Is foreshadowed when: Is foreshadowed when:
●● the priest Melchizedek offered God bread and wine the priest Melchizedek offered God bread and wine
●● God gave manna to the Chosen People God gave manna to the Chosen People
●● Jesus’ multiplied the loaves and fishes Jesus’ multiplied the loaves and fishes
●● Jesus changes water into wine at Cana Jesus changes water into wine at Cana
●● Jesus declared the importance of Jesus declared the importance of eating his body and drinking his blood eating his body and drinking his blood
●● Jesus celebrated the Last Supper Jesus celebrated the Last Supper
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
EucharistEucharist
Names for the Eucharist Names for the Eucharist Names for the Eucharist Names for the Eucharist
Eucharist“thanksgiving”
HolySacrifice
Holy andDivineLiturgy
HolyMass
Lord’sSupper
MostBlessed
Sacrament
EucharisticAssembly
Holy Communion
Breakingthe
Bread
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
EucharistEucharist
The Celebration of the MassThe Celebration of the MassThe Celebration of the MassThe Celebration of the Mass
INTRODUCTORY RITESEntrance & Greeting
Penitential RiteGloria
Opening Prayer
LITURGY OFTHE WORD
First ReadingResponsorial Psalm
Second ReadingAlleluia or Acclamation
GospelHomilyCreed
General Intercessions
LITURGY OF THE EUCHARIST
OffertoryEucharistic PrayerCommunion Rite
CONCLUDING RITEBlessingDismissal
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
The Liturgical YearThe Liturgical Year
AdventAdvent – prepares for – prepares for Christ’s comingChrist’s coming
Christmas SeasonChristmas Season – a feast – a feast that proclaims Emmanuelthat proclaims Emmanuel
Ordinary TimeOrdinary Time 1 1
LentLent – prepares us for the – prepares us for the solemn and joyful feast solemn and joyful feast of Easterof Easter
TriduumTriduum – celebrates our – celebrates our Redemption in ChristRedemption in Christ
Easter SeasonEaster Season
Ordinary TimeOrdinary Time 2 2
AdventAdvent – prepares for – prepares for Christ’s comingChrist’s coming
Christmas SeasonChristmas Season – a feast – a feast that proclaims Emmanuelthat proclaims Emmanuel
Ordinary TimeOrdinary Time 1 1
LentLent – prepares us for the – prepares us for the solemn and joyful feast solemn and joyful feast of Easterof Easter
TriduumTriduum – celebrates our – celebrates our Redemption in ChristRedemption in Christ
Easter SeasonEaster Season
Ordinary TimeOrdinary Time 2 2
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
The Liturgical YearThe Liturgical Year
SacramentalsSacramentals Sacred signs that resemble sacraments Sacred signs that resemble sacraments Help us become aware of Christ’s presence Help us become aware of Christ’s presence Prepare us to received the sacraments Prepare us to received the sacraments They include: They include:
objectsobjects: candles, holy water, statues, icons, rosary : candles, holy water, statues, icons, rosary beads, relics, scapulars, church buildings beads, relics, scapulars, church buildings actionsactions: blessings, genuflections, the Sign of the Cross: blessings, genuflections, the Sign of the Crossplacesplaces: the Holy Land, Rome, Lourdes, chapels: the Holy Land, Rome, Lourdes, chapelsprayersprayers: grace before meals: grace before mealssacred timesacred time: holy days, feasts of saints, Fridays in Lent: holy days, feasts of saints, Fridays in Lent
SacramentalsSacramentals Sacred signs that resemble sacraments Sacred signs that resemble sacraments Help us become aware of Christ’s presence Help us become aware of Christ’s presence Prepare us to received the sacraments Prepare us to received the sacraments They include: They include:
objectsobjects: candles, holy water, statues, icons, rosary : candles, holy water, statues, icons, rosary beads, relics, scapulars, church buildings beads, relics, scapulars, church buildings actionsactions: blessings, genuflections, the Sign of the Cross: blessings, genuflections, the Sign of the Crossplacesplaces: the Holy Land, Rome, Lourdes, chapels: the Holy Land, Rome, Lourdes, chapelsprayersprayers: grace before meals: grace before mealssacred timesacred time: holy days, feasts of saints, Fridays in Lent: holy days, feasts of saints, Fridays in Lent
FriendshipFriendship (160) (160) SacramentSacrament (160) (160) CatechumenCatechumen (161) (161) NeophytesNeophytes (161) (161) RCIARCIA (161) (161) Essential riteEssential rite (163) (163) ChrismChrism (163) (163) ChristChrist (164) (164) ConfirmandsConfirmands (167) (167) MyronMyron (167) (167) RiteRite (168) (168) EucharistEucharist (170) (170)
LiturgyLiturgy (171) (171) SacrificeSacrifice (171) (171) TransubstantiationTransubstantiation (171) (171) PrefacePreface (173) (173) EpiclesisEpiclesis (174) (174) AnamnesisAnamnesis (174) (174) EmmanuelEmmanuel (175) (175) LentLent (176) (176) TriduumTriduum (176) (176) SacramentalsSacramentals (176) (176) IconsIcons (177) (177)
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
VOCABULARY VOCABULARY
Dear Jesus,Dear Jesus, help me to spread your fragrance wherever I go.help me to spread your fragrance wherever I go. Flood my soul with your spirit and life.Flood my soul with your spirit and life. Penetrate and possess my whole being so utterlyPenetrate and possess my whole being so utterly that my life may only be a radiance of yours.that my life may only be a radiance of yours. Shine through me and be so in me that every soul I come Shine through me and be so in me that every soul I come in contact within contact with may feel your presence in my soul.may feel your presence in my soul.
Let them look up and see no longer me, but only Jesus!Let them look up and see no longer me, but only Jesus! Stay with me and then I will begin to shine as you shine,Stay with me and then I will begin to shine as you shine, so to shine as to be a light to others.so to shine as to be a light to others.
The light, O Jesus, will be all from you; none of it will be The light, O Jesus, will be all from you; none of it will be mine.mine. It will be you, shining on others through me.It will be you, shining on others through me. Let me thus praise you in the way which you love best,Let me thus praise you in the way which you love best, by shining on those around me.by shining on those around me. Let me preach you without preaching, not by words but by Let me preach you without preaching, not by words but by example,example, by the catching force, the sympathetic influence of what I by the catching force, the sympathetic influence of what I do,do, the evident fullness of the love my heart bears for you. the evident fullness of the love my heart bears for you. Amen.Amen.
Th
e Je
sus
Pra
yer
of
Car
din
al N
ewm
anT
he
Jesu
s P
raye
r o
f C
ard
inal
New
man
Chapter 6 Chapter 6 The Sacraments of InitiationThe Sacraments of Initiation
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