Science is published by the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Online Publishing Brings the World Together
Linda Rowan
Senior Editor, [email protected]
Needs of Online Publishing
• High Quality = Peer-reviewed• Rapid Publication• Efficient Dissemination• Searchability• Readability• Enhancements
So Many Papers, So Little Time
• Number of Peer-Reviewed Online Journals– In 1991: 7 journals; In 2002: >6000 journals
• HighWire Library of Sciences and Medicine– Over 12 million articles
• The Astrophysics Data System– Almost 3 million records
Rapid Publication
• Time to acceptance:– Online submission– Online review
• Time after acceptance:– Within 24 hours: J. Biological Chemistry (JBC)– Within 10 days: Science Express– Within 14 days: Some journals– Within 30 days: Many journals
Science 296, 841 (2002).
The Young and Paperless
AuthorDatabase
Membership Institution
Paths to Dissemination
Individual Membership
• Direct Access• Can Customize• Email Alerts• Enhanced Content• Society Benefits
AuthorDatabase
Membership Institution
Paths to Dissemination
Institutional Subscription
• Direct Access from Institution• Economical• Smaller Institutes Can Aggregate: Max Planck• Countrywide: China
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Membership Institution
Paths to Dissemination
Big, Bad Databases
highwire.stanford.edu
Databases: Developing Countries
www.healthinternetwork.org
What About Small Databases?
Earth Science Societies Initiative– Earth science societies create a not-for-profit aggregate– Contain all peer-reviewed Earth science society journals– Seamless search capabilities– Link to Georef and other bibliographic resources– Link to other databases– Maintain a full content and searchable archive– Share revenues with societies– Use third party vendors for technology– Permit societies to participate in other initiatives
AuthorDatabase
Membership Institution
Paths to Dissemination
Preprints
• Physics and Astrophysics: arXiv.org– In 1992: 59 astro-ph; In 2001: 6807 astro-ph
• Chemistry: preprint.chemweb.com• Psychology and Biology: cogprints.soton.ac.uk
• Search Engine: www.osti.gov/preprints/index.html
• Preprints from journals: The Astrophysical Journal
www.journals.uchicago.edu/ApJ/future.html
The Astrophysical Journal Future
Searchability
Search Engines– Fast– Easy to use– Handle synonyms/terminology/language– Full text– Multiple sources– Flexibility
ADS Search Engine
adsabs.harvard.edu
Synonym Searches
Search for similar terminology• Equate different tenses accelerated = accelerate• Equate different names O’Higgins = OHiggins• Equate different words height = altitude• Equate different patterns X-ray = X ray
• Equate foreign words with English translations• Do not search on common words, such as “the”
Here is how the Astrophysics Data System handles synonyms
Where On EarthIs It?
Topic Search
• Standards for Papers/Scientific Data– Submission format pdf– Revised text format Word, Latex– Revised figure format tiff, jpeg, ps– Realtime Online format html– Archival Online format xml, sgml– Downloadable paper format pdf
• Standards for Language and SymbolsStandards for Language and SymbolsSee www.stixfonts.org
• Standards for the WebStandards for the Web
Readability
•Goals– Universal Access– Semantic Web– Web of Trust
www.w3c.org
• Design Strategy– Interoperability– Evolution– Decentralization
Standards for the Web
Internet2 in the Americas
www.ampath.fiu.edu
• Dynamic Data• Supplementary Data• Commentary• Educational• Archives• Interactive • Inter-network
More Than Just a Journal
Just a Paper
Weir et al., Science 297, 981 (2002).Supplementary Movie
Dynamic Data
www.scienceonline.org
Commentary and More
Next Wave - Brazil
scope.educ.washington.edu
Educational
From a paper in From a paper in ScienceScience, , with pop-up glossary and annotationswith pop-up glossary and annotationsto a TimeLine,to a TimeLine,to previous research to previous research archived in JSTOR. . .archived in JSTOR. . .
JSTOR: Online Journal Storage Archive• Journals 242• Articles 734,884• Pages 9,907,549• Downloads 6,195,892• Searches 8,894,474
www.jstor.org
Archives
A. Einstein, Science 84, 506 (1936).
JSTOR: Letter from Einstein
In Einstein’s personal letter to the editorof Science, regarding the publication of his 1936 lensing paper he wrote
“Let me also thank you for yourcooperation with this little publication,which Mister Mandl squeezed out of me.It is of little value, but it makes the poor guy happy.”
Einstein IS Still Relevant
Renn et al., Science 275, 184 (1997).
• High Quality, Peer-reviewed• Rapid Publication• Enhanced Online Products
– Dynamic– Data– Archives
• Improved Searchability/Readability– Standards– Central/Specific
• Efficient Dissemination– Individual membership– Institutional subscription– Databases– Author
Accelerated Growth Will Continue!
Status of Online Publishing
• All Electronic, No More Paper• Interactive Review, Edit and Revise• Robotic and AI Searches• National Subscriptions• International and Interlinked Databases• Digital Object identifier (DOIs)• Digital Human Identifier (DHIs)
The Sky’s Not the Limit!
The Future of Online Publishing
Online Publishing in a Smaller WorldOnline Publishing in a Smaller World
Thanks, NASA and Apollo 8
Linda Rowan is hereat [email protected]
Thank you very much, ICSEP!
www.submit2science.org
Online Submission
Online Referee Site
Rapid Publication
Time after acceptanceWithin 24 hours
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Journal of Biological Chemistry
www.jbc.org
Rapid Publication
• Time after acceptance:– Within 10 days: Science Express– Within 14 days: Journal of Biology– Within 30 days: Many journals
Science Express
www.sciencemag.org/sciencexpress/recent.shtml
• AAAS: Advancing science, Serving society
• Four Divisions– Science– Policy and International– Enhancing Education– Careers in Science
Support for Scientific Societies
The Ecosystem Dynamics and Essential The Ecosystem Dynamics and Essential Human Needs (EDEHN) project of the Human Needs (EDEHN) project of the American Association for the Advancement American Association for the Advancement of Science's (AAAS) International of Science's (AAAS) International Directorate seeks to improve the scientific Directorate seeks to improve the scientific basis for environmentally sustainable basis for environmentally sustainable policymaking by building the capacity of policymaking by building the capacity of scientists, policymakers, citizens, and otherscientists, policymakers, citizens, and other
Plata Basin Project
such stakeholders at the local, national, and regional levels. such stakeholders at the local, national, and regional levels. EDEHN will accomplish its goal through participatory, pro-EDEHN will accomplish its goal through participatory, pro-active facilitation of multidisciplinary sustainable science and active facilitation of multidisciplinary sustainable science and policy activities undertaken at the watershed level. policy activities undertaken at the watershed level. Three other EDEHN projects are under way in Russia, Three other EDEHN projects are under way in Russia, South-East Asia and Africa.South-East Asia and Africa.
Send us your Methods, Movies, Tables, Figures, Datafor a Separate Online File
www.sciencemag.org/feature/contribinfo/prep/prep_online.shtml
Science’s SOM
nextwave.sciencemag.org
Careers
Einstein’s letter to the editor of Science,regarding the publication of his 1936lensing paper stated
“Let me also thank you for yourcooperation with this little publication,which Mister Mandl squeezed out of me.It is of little value, but it makes the poor guy happy.”
Einstein IS Still Relevant
Big, Bad Databases• HighWire: highwire.stanford.edu
– Established in 1995 by the Stanford University library– Aggregate of life sciences journals with over 12 billion articles– Seamless search capabilities, including Medline– Customizable– List of other databases – List of preprint servers– List of free material
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