OFFICE OF THE ~ '1 0 'I ADJvJLNISTRATOR HJR Tf-!F: (YJUR'IS
¥~;-:;,~~ --MARY CAMPBELL McQUEEN AIS•w•atot
STATE OF WASHINGTON /1116 s (IIIia -/lai/Sq>EZ-11 a,.,.iL WA lUll (1116) 7~~ ~AX: (11J6) _,.
Copyright © 1994 State ofWashington Office of the Administrator for the Couns
/GLOSSARY OF SELECTED II LEGAL TERMS
/'
ENGLISH-CANTONESE
State Justiee Institute Library
Notional Center,· for Stole Courts
---:--W[mc;;;~~~~.trt: Ave. 23187-8798 1650 Jti111 s-a. Sailo a. Ales • iL yq;a m 14
0113) 6114-6100 '
. fDJSiributed by ACEBO a P.O. Box 7485 a Spreckels. CA 93962 a (408)4M-1~~~ ~~J4Q§)~j~f ., .-::...,_ ·-
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INTRODUCTION
During the past decade, thousands of Asian immigrants have appeared in American state courts as civil and criminal litigants. Interpreters, who breach the language gap between judge and litigant, are required by law and fairness to interpret all English spoken in coun into the immigrant's language. However, while interpreters are held to the standard of interpreting legal terms accurately and completely, few bilingual legal resources exist. To begin to address the need for accurate bilingual equivalents for English legal terms, a proposal was submitted to the State Justice Institute for the develop!Jient of basic bilingual legal glossaries in Cantonese, Laotian, Khmer (Cambodian), Korean, and Cantonese. These languages are spoken by a large number of individuals living in a wide range of states.
This bilingual English-Cantonese glossary is designed to be used as a working document for English-Cantonese court interpreters. Since for the most pan interpreters interpret English legal words into Cantonese, the English terms are listed first. The body of the glossary consists of approximately 450 words, which were selected as representatives of frequently used legal terms in state courts. This list is by no means exhaustive; court interpreters use many other legal terms as well.
Each word is translated into its equivalent in Cantonese. The equivalent word or words given are, in the authors' opinions, the best interpretation of the English legal word. These word or short phra~e interpretations convey the English word's meaning, and are meant to be used by interpreters when serving in legal proceedings.
In addition, some English words are defined in English because they have more than one English meaning. The English definitions, statements describing one or more meanings of the word, appear in parenthesis beside the English words. Readers are cautioned that many legal terms have alternate meanings. Interpreters must use great care to use the appropriate Cantonese alternate equivalent for an alternate English meaning. Also, interpreters are cautioned that a handful of legal words used regionally in some states appear in the glossary. If a word sounds quite unfamiliar, interpreters should check with other interpreters or attorneys.
At the end of the glossary, a bibliography outlines resources used in creating the glossary, and also other resources which may be useful to interpreters. Every court interpreter should utilize several dictionaries. An essential part of the interpreter's job is to continuously look up word meanings in both languages.
This glossary is meant to serve as a foundation for the development of individual bilingual legal glossaries by Cantonese interpreters. The words are widely spaced to allow for the inclusion of usage notes and other comments. Interpreters are strongly encouraged to elaborate on the definition (as opposed to the equivalent, which is the translation of each term, a definition is a statement of the meaning(s) of the word or phrase), of each word in Cantonese and English, to . make up a sentence using the term, and.to include other pertinent information. Binder paper can
be added at the end of the glossary for the addition of other important legal terms. For an excellent discussion of the development of an interpreter's glossary, see Gonzalez, Vasquez, and Mikkelson. Fundamentals of Court Interpretation, Carolina Academic Press 456 (1991).
This project was produced through the efforts of several people. The word list was compiled by Joanne Moore. J.D., manager of the Washington State Court Interpreters Certification Program, Office of the Administrator for the Courts, and by Gregg Miller, certified interpreter and interpreting educator in Los Angeles County, California. The Cantonese equivalents were written by Jackie Luk. California and Los Angeles County certified Cantonese interpreter, and John Wu, California and Los Angeles certified interpreter. The translations were reviewed by Chih-Chuan · Marissa Hsu, Washington State certified Cantonese interpreter, and by Professor Ling Chi Wang, University of California at Berkeley.
This glossary was developed through a grant from the State Justice Institute. Points of view expressed here in are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the State Justice Institute.
Every attempt has been made to ensure the accuracy of the translations and definitions contained herein. No express or implied guarantees or warranties are made.
ABSTRACT (summary)
ACCESSORY (assistant in a crime)
ACCOMPLICE
ACCUSATION (written charge)
ACCUSED (defendant)
ACQUIT
ACQUITTAL
ADJUDICATE
ADJUDICATION (n.) (deciding case through judicial or administrative hearing)
ADMISSIBLE (acceptable, e.g., admissible evidence)
ADMISSION (disclosure of adverse facts)
ADOPTION (legal process of establishing · parental relationship between adoptive parent and child bom of other parents)
ADVISEMENT OF RIGHTS
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AFFIDAVIT
AFFIDAVIT OF PREJUDICE (sworn statement alleging a potential judge is biased)
AGREEMENT (two or more persons' mutual promises)
AID AND ABET
ALIMONY
ALLEGATION (party's statement of fact the party intends to prove)
ALLEGED (asserted as a true fact)
AMEND (to revise a complaint or other legal document)
AMENDMENT (modification of document)
ANSWER (n.) (defendant's formal document setting out defense) (civil)
APPEAL (n.) (review of a case by a higher
court)
APPEAL (v.) (to me a case in a higher court for review)
APPEARANCE (party's presence in court)
••
••• ••
CRIMES
ARSON
ASSAULT
ASSAULT, AGGRAVATED
ASSAULT ~H A DEADLY VVEAPON
AUTO TAMPERING
BATTERY
BATTERY, SPOUSAL
BOOKMAKING
BRANDISHING A WEAPON
BREAKING AND ENTERING
BURGLARY
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CHILD MOLESTATION
CONSPIRACY
CONTEMPT OF COURT
COUNTERFEITING
DISORDERLY CONDUCT
DISTURBING THE PEACE
DRIVING WHILE INTOXICATED
DRUNK DRIVING
EMBEZZLEMENT
EXTORTION
FAILURE TO APPEAR (FTA)
FORGERY
GAMBLING
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RAPE
RAPE, STATUTORY
RAPE IN CONCERT
RECKLESS DRIVING
ROBBERY
SEXUAL MOLESTATION
SHOPLIFTING
SLANDER
SODOMY
THEFT
THEFT, GRAND
THEFT, PETTY
TRESPASSING
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VAGRANCY
VANDALISM
ARBITRATION
ARGUMENT (debate before the coun)
ARRAIGN (to fonnally advise defendant of the charges a1 an initial court appearance)
ARRAIGNMENT
ARREST (law enforcement's taking of suspect into formal custody)
ASSIGNEE
ATTEST (to affirm under oath)
ATTORNEY
ATTORNEY OF RECORD
AUTHENTICATE
BAIL (security given for the release of a defendant pending trial)
BAIL BONDSMAN
BAIL FORFEITURE
BAIL REVIEW
BAILIFF
BANKRUPTCY
BENCH (judge or coun)
BIAS
BODY ATTACHMENT
BOND (certificate of debt redeemable by coun if defendant fails to appear in coun)
BOOKING NUMBER
BREATHALYZER
BRIBE
BRIEF (n.) (written synopsis of case)
BURDEN OF PROOF
CALENDAR, COURT
•• ••
••
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
CASE (criminal or civil lawsuit)
CAUSATION
CERTIFIED
CHAIN OF CUSTODY
CHALLENGE (to object to the qualifications of a potential juror)
CHALLENGE FOR CAUSE
CHAMBERS (judge's office)
CHARGE
CHILD SUPPORT
CIRCUMSTANCES, AGGRAVATING
CIRCUMSTANCES, MITIGATING
CITATION (official notice to appear in coun, especially traffic comt)
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CITATION (notation oflegal authority)
CITY ATTORNEY
CIVIL ACTION
CLAIM (n.) Oegal demand)
CLERK (coun official)
COLLATERAL (propeny pledged to secure a debt, e.g., bail)
COMMISSIONER
COMMIT (v.) (to institutionalize, e.g., to a mental hospital)
COMMIT (v.) (to perpetrate, e.g., a crime)
COMMITMENT
COMMUNITY PROPERTY
COMPETENCY (legal capacity to stand trial)
COMPLAINT (written statement initiating a criminal or civil action)
COMPLY (to act as directed or ordered)
COMPOSITE DRAWING
CONFESSION
CONFISCATE (governmental seizure of
property)
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT
CONTEMPT OF COURT
CONTINUANCE (rescheduling a legal proceeding for a later date)
CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE
CONVICT (n.) (individual who has been found guilty and incarcerated)
CONVICT (v.) (to fmd defendant guilty of a
crime)
CONVICTION (finding of guilt in a criminal ~ JJ case)
CORONER
CORROBORATE
COUNSEL (v.) (to advise); (n.) (lawyer)
COUNSEL TABLE
COUNT'(n.) (numbered charge)
COUNTERCLAIM
COUNTY JAIL
COURT
COURT INTERPRETER
COURT ORDER
COURT REPORTER
COURT, DEPENDENCY
COURT, DISTRICT
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COURT, JUVENILE
COURT, MUNICIPAL
COURT, NIGHT
COURT, SUPERIOR
COURT, SUPREME
COURT, TRAFFIC
COURT-APPOINTED COUNSEL
COURTROOM
CREDIBILITY
CRIME
CRIMINAL RECORD
CUSTODY (care and control of children);
CUSTODY (incarceration)
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DAMAGES (repayment for loss or injury)
DEATH PENALTY
DEATH ROW
DECREE (n.) (order, judgment)
DEFAULT JUDGMENT
DEFENDANT
DEFENSE (evidence offered by an accused· to defeat a criminal charge)
DEFENSE (the defendant and defense attorney)
DEFENSE ATTORNEY
· DELmERATION (careful consideration, e.g., of jury)
DEPORTATION
DEPOSITION (oral statement given under oath)
DEPUTY D.A.
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DETENTION (being retained in custody)
DISCOVERY (pretrial process to obtain facts from other side)
DISMISS
DISMISSAL (WITH PREJUDICE)
DISMISSAL (WITHOUT PREJUDICE)
DISPOSITION (final outcome of a criminal case)
DISSOLUTION (tennination of a marriage, partnership, etc.)
DISTRICT ATTORNEY (D.A.)
DIVERSION (order for criminal defendant to participation in altc:mative program)
DIVORCE
DOCKET (n.)
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
•••••
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DUE PROCESS
ENHANCEMENT (factor that increases criminal penalty)
ENTER A PLEA
ENTRAPMENT
EQUAL PROTECTION
EVICTION
EVIDENCE
EVIDENCE, CIRCUMSTANTIAL
EVIDENCE, DIRECT
EVIDENCE, PRIMA FACIE
EXAMINATION, CROSS
EXAMINATION, DIRECT
EXAMINATION, RE·CROSS
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EXAMINATION, RE-DIRECT
EXIUBIT (object submitted as evidence)
EXHIBIT, PEOPLE'S
EXHIBIT, DEFENSE'S
EXTRADITION
EYEWITNESS
FAILURE TO COMPLY
FAIR HEARING
FALSE IMPRISONMENT
FELONY
FIELD SOBRIETY TEST
FILE (n.)
FILE (v.)
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FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
nND (v.) GUILTY
FINDING
FINE (coun-imposed monetary assessment)
FINGERPRINTS
FIREARM
FORECLOSURE
FORFEIT
FOSTER CARE
FRAUD
GARNISH (to issue process for purpose of attaching wages or money)
GOOD CAUSE
GRAND JURY
GLUE SNIFFING •• ;IIJg
GRAND THEFI' ••• , HIT AND RUN •••• It!
HOMICIDE flA.
INCEST ... INDECENT EXPOSURE •••• JOYRIDING •• fF.
KIDNAPPING -~
LARCENY ma
LEWD CONDUCT m•na;t5ana
LIBEL •• LOITERING &II
LYNCHING & IIJ
MALICIOUS MISCHIEF
MANSLAUGHTER
MANSLAUGHTER, INVOLUNTARY
MANSLAUGHTER, VOLUNTARY
MAYHEM
MURDER
ORAL COPULATION, FORCED
PANDERING
PERJURY
PETTY THEFT
PIMPING
POSSESSION OF DRUGS (COCAINE,
HEROIN)
PROSTITUTION
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GROUNDS (reasons)
GUARDIANSHIP
GUILTY
HABEAS CORPUS
HANDCUFFS
HARASSMENT
HEARING (fonnal proceeding held before judge or administrative law judge)
HEARING, CONTESTED
HEARING, PRELIMINARY
HEARSAY
HOLDING CELL
ILLEGAL
IMMUNITY (exemption from a charge or penalty)
••
IMPEACHMENT OF WITNESS
INADMISSIBLE
INCRIMINATE
INDICTMENT
INDIGENT
INFORMANT
INFORMATION (formal charge)
INFRACTION
INJUNCTION
INMATE
INNOCENT UNTIL PROVEN GUILTY
INTENT (state of mind when performing an act)
INVESTIGATION ••
JAIL
JOIN (concur)
JUDGE (n.)
JUDGMENT
JURISDICTION
JUROR, ALTERNATE
JURY
JURY BOX
JURY FOREMAN
JURY TRIAL
JURY, HUNG
JUVENILE HALL
KIDNAP
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LARCENY
LAWSUIT
LEADING QUESTION
LEASE
LIABILITY
LIBEL
LIE DETECTOR
LIFE IMPRISONMENT
LINE· UP
LITIGATION
MALICE (purposely committing a crime which will harm another)
MALPRACTICE
MENTAL HEALTH
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MIRANDA WARNING n I RRHDR Z fi iii
MISDEMEANOR
MISTRIAL •• MODIFICATION
MOTION (a petition for a ruling)
MOTION DENIED
MOTION GRANTED •••• MUG SHOT
NEGLIGENCE
NOT GUILTY
NULL AND VOID
OATH
OBJECT (v.)
OBJECTION
OBJECTION OVERRULED
OBJECTION SUSTAINED
OFFENDER
OFFENSE (vi9lation of law)
OFFER OF PROOF
ORDINANCE
OVERRULE
OVERT ACT
PARALEGAL
PAROLE
PARTY (plaintiff [People, State, etc.] or defendant)
PATERNITY
•• -1i
PENALTY
PENALTY ASSESSMENT
PENDING (not yet decided)
PENITENTIARY
PEOPLE (PROSECUTION)
PEREMPTORY CHALLENGE
PERMANENT RESIDENT
PERSONAL (OWN) RECOGNIZANCE
PETITION (n.) (fonnal written request for an order)
PETITION (v.) (ask, request)
PLAINTIFF
PLEA (defendant's "guilty" or "not guilty" answer to a criminal charge)
PLEA BARGAIN
PLEADINGS (documents filed in a case)
POINTS AND AUTHORITIES
POLYGRAPH
POSTPONEMENT
PRE-SENTENCE REPORT
PREJUJ?ICE (bias or preconceived opinion)
PREPONDERANCE OF THE EVIDENCE
PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE
PRETRIAL CONFERENCE
PRETRIAL RELEASE
PRIORABLE OFFENSE
PRIORS
PRISON
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PRIVILEGE
PRO PER
PROBABLE CAUSE
PROBATION (suspension of defendant's sentence under supervision of probation officer)
PROBATION DEPARTMENT
PROBATION OFFICER
PROBATION, FORMAL
PROBATION, SUMMARY
PROOF (evidence convincing to the judge or
jury)
PROSECUTION
PROSECUTOR
PUBLIC DEFENDER (P.D.)
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QUASH
RAP SHEET
REASONABLE DOUBT, BEYOND A
REBUTTI\L
RECKLESS DRIVING
REGULATION
RELEASE OF INFORMATION
REUNQUISHMENT (giving up a right)
REMAND (to send a case back to a lower cowt or administrative hearing office)
REMAND (to send a person back into
custody)
REMEDY (n.) (legal compensation for a wrong)
REPORT (v.) (to State)
REPORT (n.) (a formal account of factS or information)
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RESPONDENT
RESTITUTION
RESTRAINING ORDER
REVOKE
RIGHTS, CONSTITUTIONAL
RULE (v.) (to decide)
SEARCH AND SEIZURE
SELF DEFENSE
SELF -INCRIMINATION
SENTENCE (n.) (coun's punishment)
SENTENCE, CONCURRENT
SENTENCE, CONSECUTIVE
SENTENCE, SUSPENDED
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SENTENCING
SEPARATION
SERVE A SENTENCE
SETTLEMENT
SHERIFF
STATEMENT, CLOSING
STATEMENT, OPENING
STATUTE
STATUTE OF UMITATIONS
STATUTORY RAPE
STAY (n.) (a delay or cessation)
STAY (v.) (to put off or block)
STIPULATE
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STIPULATION
STRAIGHT TIME
SUBMIT (present, e.g., present evidence to thecoun)
SUBPOENA
SUE
SUIT
SUSTAIN
SWEAR (to declare under oath)
TESTIFY
TESTIMONY
TIME SERVED
TORT
TRAFFIC CITATION
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TRAIL
TRANSCRIPT
TRIAL
TRIAL, COURT/BENCH
TRIAL, JURY
TRIAL, SPEEDY
UNCONSTITUTIONAL
UNDERCOVER
UNEMPLOYMENT
UNLAWFUL DETAINER
VACATE (v.) (to cancel)
VENUE
VERDICT
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VICTIM
VIOLATION
VISITATION
VOIR DIRE
WAIVE RIGHTS
WAIVE TIME
WAIVER OF RIGHTS
WARRANT (order, penni!)
WARRANT, ARREST
WARRANT, BENCH
WARRANT, SEARCH
WEAPON
WEAPON, CONCEALED
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WEAPON, DEADLY
WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE
WITNESS (n.)
WITNESS, DEFENSE
WITNESS, EXPERT
WITNESS, HOSTILE
WITNESS, MATERIAL
WITNESS, PROSECUTION
WITNESS STAND
WORK FURLOUGH
WORK RELEASE
WRIT
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BffiLIOGRAPHY
Bunon,l.ega] Thesaurus, Macmillan Publishing Company, Inc., (second edition 1992)
(A vailab1e in law school bookstoreS and law libraries)
<)ljfomja Penal Code, Banaoft-Whitney Company, (1991 edition)
(Available in law school bookstDres and law libraries)
Gifis, Steven H., Law Dicrionazy, Banon's Educational Series, Inc., (second edition
1984) (Available in bookstoreS and public libraries)
Gonzalez, Vasquez, and Mikkelson, Fundamentals of Coon Interpretation, Carolina
Academic Press, (1991)
(For availability information, call Carolina Academic Press at (919)489-7 486)
Los Angeles Superior Coua InlCJl!relm Manual. compiled and edited by Frank M.
Almeida and Sofia Zahler, (revised edition 1981 )
(For availability infortnation, call Los Angeles County Superior Coua at (213) 974-
6708)
Reyiscd Code of Wasbinpm Annotated. Washington Criminal OJdc, Title 9A, 10,
(Available in law school bookstDres and Jaw libraries)
Webster's Eocyclopedjc Unabridged Dictionazy of the English LanguaBC. Poaland House,
(1989 edition)
(Available in bookstores and public libraries)
5'fie!Dl£$W£it- ffl!~C¥-= ~CJjUEJJ ~j[Ching Chi-Jen, United S13tes
Consrirurion and Constitytionalism, San Min Book Company]
(Available in bookstores in Hong Kong)
t1iHJfiUU4- .1Liilll.ffilli~ii.l- -:ft.:ft.-£En&Jjsh-Q!jneseJ..egai
Dictionaty, Wu-Nan Publishing Company, Taipei, 1991]
(Available in bookst<RS in Taiwan)
Jf ii $ 11 l!i JIJ If t - Jil L1J fH Jli tf: - -:ft. t .1L £The Glossary of Annlied
Legal Ienns, Tang Shan Publishing Company, Taipei, 1975]
(Available in bookstores in Hong Kong)
-:ft. J \.I!S [Far Fag Practical English - Chinese Dictionary, compiled by Liang Shih
Chiu, The Far East Book Company, Limited (1984 edition,)]
(Available in bookstores in Hong Kong and Taiwan)
1
' 1
OFFICE OF7HE ADlvfiNISTRATOR RJR
THE COURTS MARY CAMP liEU. MCQllEEN
STATE OF WASHINGTON JlfltiS. QUJNa:nuEI 1'0 .01141110 OUIII'U.. WA fl»f.JJ77 120617SUMJ ~: 12061.fii.WWIMIIIPII'
Copyright© 1994 State ofWashington Office of the Administrator for the Couns
GLOSSARY OF SELECTED LEGAL TERMS
ENGLISH-KHMER
State Justice Institute
Distributed by ACEBO I.J P.O. Box 7485 1.J Spreckels, CA 93962 I.J (408) 455-1507 1.J FAX: (408) 455-1541
INTRODUCTION
During the past decade, thousands of Asian immigrants have appeared in American state courts as civil and criminal litigants. Interpreters, who breach the language gap between judge and litigant, are required by law and fairness to interpret all English spoken in court into the immigrant's language. However. while interpreters are held to the standard of interpreting legal tenns accurately and completely. few bilingual legal resources exist. To begin to address the need for accurate bilingual equivalents for English legal tenns, a proposal was submitted to the State Justice Institute for the development of basic bilingual legal glossaries in Cantonese, Laotian, Khmer (Cambodian). Korean, and Vietnamese. These languages are spoken by a large number of individuals living in a wide range of states.
This bilingual English-Khmer glossary is designed to be used as a working document for EnglishKhmer court interpreters. Since for the most part interpreters interpret English legal words into Khmer. the English terms are listed first. The body of the glossary consists of approximately 450 words. which were selected as representatives of frequently used legal tenns in state courts. This list is by no means exhaustive; court interpreters use.many other legal tenns as well.
Each word is translated into its equivalent in Khmer. The equivalent word or words given are, in the authors' opinions. the best interpretation of the English legal word. This word or short phrase conveys the English word's meaning and are meant to be used by interpreters when serving in legal proceedings.
In addition. some English words are defined in English because they have more than one English meaning. The English definitions, statements describing one or more meanings ofthe word, appear in parenthesis beside 'the English words. Readers are cautioned that many legal tenns have alternate meanings. Interpreters must use great care to use the appropriate Khmer alternate equivalent for an alternate English meaning. Also, interpreters are cautioned that a handful of legal words used regionally in some states appear in the glossary. If a word sounds quite unfamiliar. interpreters should check with other interpreters or attorneys.
Some Khmer interpretations are followed by explanations in Khmer. These were added because the authors. fell readers. would. benefit. fmm brief descrip\ipns of more unusual tenns. At the end of the glossary. a bibliography outlines resources used in creating the glossary, and also other resources which may be useful to interpreters. Every court interpreter should utilize several dictionaries. An essential part of the interpreter's job is to continuously look up word meanings in both languages.
This glossary is meant to serve as a foundation for the development of individual bilingual legal glossaries by Khmer interpreters. The words are widely spaced to allow for the inclusion of usage notes and other comments. Interpreters are strongly encouraged to elaborate on the definition (as opposed to the equivalent, which is the translation of each tenn, a definition is a statement of the meaning(s) of the word or phrase), of each word in Khmer and English, to make up a sentence
using the term. and to include other pertinent information. Binder paper can be added at the end of the glossary for the addition of other important legal terms. For an excellent discussion of the development of an interpreter's glossary. see Gonzalez. Vasquez. and Mikkelson, Fundamentals of Court Interpretation. Carolina Academic Press 456 (1991).
This project was produced through the efforts of several people. The word list was compiled by .Joanne Moore. J.D. manager of the Washington State Court Interpreters Certification Program, Otlice of the Administrator for the Courts, and by Gregg Miller, certified interpreter and interpreting educator in Los Angeles County, California. The Khmer equivalents were written by Paliene Sot h. Los Angeles County certified Khmer interpreter, Dinna Keo. Massachusetts certified Khmer interpreter, Chandara Hac, Los Angeles County certified Khmer interpreter, Sookham Nong. Massachusetts certified court interpreter, and Polin Soth, Khmer dictionary author. They were reviewed by Visochanea P. Morton, Washington State certified Khmer interpreter. and Chum Kim Sam. Khmer municipal judge.
This glossary was developed through a grant from the State Justice Institute. Points of view expressed here in are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the State Justice Institute.
Every attempt has been made to ensure the accuracy of the translations and definitions contained herein. No express or implied guarantees or warranties are made.
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY illlijfUjGUa~rf11~f:tiJ1U
ABSTRACT (summary)
ACCESSORY (assistant in a
crime)
ACCOMPLICE
ACCUSATION (formal written
charge)
ACCUSED (defendant)
ACQUIT
ACQUITTAL
ADJUDICATE
ADJUDICATION (deciding case
through judicial or administra·
tive hearing) .. ,·.
ADMISSIBLE (acceptable;
e.g.,admissible evidence)
ADMISSION (disclosure of
ad verse facts)
•
- l'lllt!illll.,UI'I1S (ri7iiU7fl[Uri7BfhJimi) •
- U/'1011Jt!illl a
- lliltillS " o;;
- 1'11ritNu~, 1/'I~Nt!JfrilHgrujlU •
- m1mritNu~, 1'1111/'I~Nt!JfrnHgrujlU •
r mtm ~MWI!Jiltljll"fl7fl mfftw:m 1 1f1Uffrgn 1 ~IJI m yrgnl'fflf7miJ •
-I eatHl2 nHll 1'141 s, t ~au m o r~p 1.,ti 41 s, t tJ n.r m oro l'lr:l11'11141 s
(a Iii){ mil ( eJ nJtnfH?JI LUIJI s ts1mnJmriffJ •
Pagel
.•
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY. t111iJl'UJfiaal5rif1~h:iJlU '
ADOPTION (legal process of - l'i1HHHlHl11'iSGrnt:t. l'iltrJI'iSHiUJI'it:tl'iGrnt:t IJ fl ta.' If/ lA
establishing parental relationship ( @tcirntfij?Uf'i/JfilifJ/'isltHJf'iumfl ) . "1 .,, .....
between adoptive parent and
child born of other parents)
ADVISEMENT OF RIGHTS
AFFIDAVIT
AFFIDAVIT OF PREJUDICE
(sworn statement alleging a
potential judge is biased)
r 1 Mu ffufJII rirn 1 u1 Ll'i FJfJ? wrn 1 rn f! ffWJUm s Mtif} IJ J
'AGREEMENT <two or more per· - 1\!!.t,llt:ttUlJ~; l'i1tUJ05jJlt:t rfigLnfltLrfJiJttiiJFJf!MJiits1ritrfjiJ
sons' mutual promises)
AID AND ABET
ALIMONY
offacts the party intends to
prove)
(m!frnfiiS1:UiiJSIJWf'ifll'iUIJ1m6rl .<!'! ) ' VJ '-1 v 'tJ
ALLEGED (asserted as true facts) - !f:lf1~ ({rJ(lfLUfi1MirfjiJff1rJ1ml'fJfifi)
Page2
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY t111iJfUjGHJ:i~flj1tlf:uJ1U '
> >
AMEND (to revise a complaint or - tl'ltLU
·other legal document) !ffi([pWufffsunf!iJ y!Jfi(lf)fqJ1U )
AMENDMENT (modification of - 1'11!tl'll1.,U (filtffif[p!Jfi(IJ)f)
document)
ANSWER ( n) [defendant's for- - Ot~tu~fl'llHllfi(IJ)ftffarmtmuu.Vq~JIITl6' r;uails/Jmf'!Junf!iJ "
mal document setting out defense li1fffit;jfi1ff!J1Uf!JI'ifSf[J'fofl '
(civil)]
ANSWER (V) (to respond to a
question or charge)
APPEAL (N) (review of a case by a- a~Hlfl~ rmrsgtutann!)~t9j~'ft.!)tSi(Ul051dlSHU
higher court)
APPEAL ( V) (to file a case in a
higher court for review)
APPEARANCE (party's presence - l'lliU~lt113 StSil'iLml'lll (fnff?SWMfi71fls1r11m:f!Bf'iilflfi1f) Ul "Z 1 n ! ,
in; court).... ,. .
ARBITRATION - msmrii\'mHstu:lfldll'lnnlm n ~ n
ARGUMENT (debate before the
court)
Page3
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY tllf'ijfUjtiaQ~fJ11~t:qjltr
ARRAIGN (to formally advise
defendant of the charges at an
initial court appearance)
ARRAIGNMENT
ARit:EST (n) (law enforcement's
taking of a suspect into custody)
ASSIGNEE
ATTEST (to affirm under oath)
ATTORNEY
ATTORNEY OF RECORD
AUTHENTICATE
BAIL (security given for the
release of a defendant P.!"'!ding ..
trial)
BAIL BONDSMAN
BAIL FORFEITURE
BAIL REVIEW
'
- t G1 etl1 E f rm l[f[IU!f1'1ti1Utrngrvf11JQflW §fmryprnrn •
- rn n me tl1 E f rnt (mmn1!fnti1utrnrJffn[f[IU'l}lJIJTinmrrprngJ •
- m IG1 U 3 S 1[1'1M/JfJ18MfJfinurnutJSW!'11i!IW) t:: w ".cA. rf '
- Utnll'i ...
. . - L4ll'it051:, L4ll'irns1 rtnn:gsmll[!1:mM9w0 niiujuniJJ
w
- Ul'itl'iNtrnl:tlS(Uitllthii Q I I \:f I
Page4
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY t111'ijfUJuHa~r.a.1~f:uJ1U •
BAILIFF
BANKRUPTCY - Nmm.fisttfllo, 9Jl3ql3, nlmmrut.,9nJNaJa •
BENCH (judge or court)
BIAS
BODY ATTACHMENT - Ut)llSi~s~ru (a 't]S1§SM1njffJCIJYSLflfffffilgrifJnnJ w w
BOND (certficate of debt
redeemable if defendant fails to
appear in court)
BOOKING NUMBER - tnl'3GlUGl3
BREATHALyzER - t L'i "\\ fl n.i fii L'i 1... (\51 (I rJ1W'tfE1 '§r(jf;; fi{J t§ ff) '
BRffiE ( v) - (\j l'i u
BRIEF (written· synopsis of ·case)·- .1_.Ura.ttJl3Nt~u. cffJnm;pf!J11'irJnqr;tJrns:; ). . .
BURDEN OF PROOF
CALENDAR, COURT
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
Page5
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY ml'iJfUJGU!!~f1j_l~f:tijlU '
CASE (criminal or rivillawsuit) - Fi, til~, 1111'itUoi'i~ ({rJnrnmunn y(rJme;ur!lnlfJ '"' U i.J n "' Li "" a "" = iJ
CAUSATION
CERTIFIED
CHAIN OF CUSTODY - 9 I~ m lll'iJll'i ~til~ ( fiiijOif1flflnl'Hffllt iUjrifJWWflfrnriffJ '
CHALLENGE (to object to tbe
qualifications of a potential J'uror) flffiMfiJfffihurJHnrnriffr:t111ffi11Ulfi 1 "' 'i.Jfl "' f1 '
. CHALLENGE FOR CAUSE - l'i1 I rJ r:ll'it Gmt r:ll UHfl S tuH'i rJ n5 ' ~ '
CHAMBERS (judge's office)
CHARGE(v) - tms, u~ "
CHILD SUPPORT - umriilrnHI'is lA u
CIRCUMSTANCES,aggravating - n51'irul:UtSHtGl{U a "
CIRCUMSTANCES, mitigating
CITATION (official notice to
appear in court, especially traffic
court)
- n51'irul:USSUSUJtGl{U a '/! "
- rtltfU'i tlll'i ([fifflfiJrtln ( fJflf[_[j)Urtl!Jirnif!J!~U/J?f!J!S v w
PageS
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY tllt'ijfUJfitf~~fti1flf:uj1U
CITATION
(notation of legal authority)
CITY ATTORNEY
CIVIL ACTION
CLAIM (n) (legal demand )
CLAIM ( v) (to insist upon)
CLERK (court official)
COLLATERAL (n)
(property pledged to secure a
debt; e.g. bail )
. I
- (lj !flMJl U I rJ M u f smi[s rJ WiiffS ( f!C/Jffiftfimff)
I U I ~ J
- mt~l:lGl\:1911 rmfJ!/jrnffrnimff!JfflJIUJ •
- wru u mi, w N m s1 u.
COLLATERAL (a) (supplementary- tr:l05UtRt:rSI:lUL~u
and additional)
COMMISSIONER· ,,,
COMMIT (to institutionalize, e.g. - Ut)l S (a. UCJ]St9'itnfij{ffi , fJfi... ~) • • v
to a mental hospital)
COMMIT (to perpetrate, e.g. a
crime)
Page7
'
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY ml'iJfUJGtf.!;i~f!il~f:GjlU
COMMITMENT (consignment of
person to a mental hospital or a
prison)
COMMUNITY PROPERTY
mmrn s '#'
COMPETENCY (legal capacity to - NH!!_n1tll'i1HE ftijl U u
stand trial or be a witness)
'
COMPLAINT (written statement - t111'ijt!31e (lttmfftfjunufsmf[]Unf[/j .. r:rwnwrif"!JHI'!Ji mff ....
initiating a criminal or civil
action)
COMPLY(toactasdirectedor - tgmH, NL,HtJI'i1HtJ!}l1; tgmHtJ~1U
ordered)
COMPOSITE DRAWING
CONFESSION
CONFIS<::ATE (·governmental
seizure of property )
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT
- l'i1Hi!llSnl~H3 (mffiW:ftJ7'/ir) u ' ij
- l'i11M1i'i1t13(U '
• t ..... •
9 S1 (U l'i ~ UtJH1f1 tl S t:l1 ru 3 S; l'i11U :m ru "' .. .... ' w
PageS
•
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY n11ijfUjtiH~~f1j_l~f:ujlU '
CONTEMPT OF COURT - l'ilil,U\l1tl~rnll'ill, U9\.,U\l1tl~rnll'ill
CONTINUANCE (rescheduling a - l'iliU~; l'ilitrUI'ittH15t9ifr! tt,l'il!lJI'iliHh~ l'iliGJlU
legal proceeding for a later date)
CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE
CONVICT ( n ) (individual who
has been found guilty and incar
cerated)
CONVICT ( v ) ( to find a
defendant guilty of a crime)
CONVICTION
CORONER
CORROBORATE
COUNSEL ( v ) (to advise)
COUNSEL ( n ) (lawyer)
COUNSEL TABLE
COUNT ( n ) (numbered charge)
-. cr1~ q,p:ll 11 ~i l I eHlmq!J nii s l'iJ ogwr;nsrua/JmHLifV~l.Vi '
- ll'ittUt]tll\l1St9li'U, Ntt,I:!GtiJtllUt9li'U, ll'ittUt]tll~I'U
1 mYfijlULf1f!Jgll{) I
l'illll'i t tU t] tll \l1 S t 91 l'l5, l'ill l'l5 t \.,1:1 G liJ tll U t 91 l'l5
- ,:;it,eul~a, UtJJ.lriut~a, Ut)llrltiJttUt]tlliil'i ra 11f]fm1Jfctw
mu;uf~y 1
- tiJt !lJl u ru
Page9
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY t111'ijfUjt3tf!j~fnlai:uJ1U '
COUNTERCLAIM
COUNTY JAIL - nlsllu'i riiwurillw.Vta1sii; N o o
COURT - nnnrm '
COURT, DEPENDENCY
COURT, DISTRICT
COURT, JUVENILE
COURT, MUNICIPAL
COURT, NIGHT - nnnrmmruuru '
COURT, SUPERIOR
COURT, SUPREME · - ri nn mui n ru ' "
COURT, -TRAFFIC- .. ' - ri ru1 rllHi HG L. '
COURT INTERPRETER
COURT REPORTER - unnrittnmsinnnn1t a ' '
Page 10
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY t111'ijfUjGHrJl5fri1~f:tiJlU
COURTROOM
CREDIBILITY
CRIME
CRIMINAL
CRIMINAL RECORD
CUSTODY (care and control of
children)
CUSTODY (incarceration)
•
- l'illtUurill '
DAMAGES (repayment for loss or- dHOri, l'i113G31ri (NfflJMIHrrltwmif;ltiUiil!iUM) v n u u
injury)
DEATH PENALTY
DEATH ROW'''
DECREE (n) (order, judgment) - 0 rij; ei l'i1
DEFAULT JUDGMENT
DEFENDANT
Page 11
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY rlll'ijfUjG-Jn~rij_lfH:OJlU I
DEFENSE (defendant and
defense attorney)
DEFENSE (evidence offered by an - rl t:i rn Hlll; (lJlfl ~ l'illtn I ... accused to defeat a criminal
charge)
DEFENSE ATTORNEY
DELIBERATION (careful rm~~~2~; rmfiomml; rnirsgur (a tJI1ritlli7WLf!FJI'i1ii '
consideration )
DEPORTATION
DEPOSITION (oral statement
given under oath)
DEPUTY D.A.
DETENTION.(beingdetained.in •. - l'illui;un~, .l'illt:llUui "
custody)
0 • ~ ·~
DISCOVERY (pretrialprocessto - 91~1'i11llil'itH'il:f1S~SI'ilri~ (nl'i1~f[111trf}fil
obtain facts from other side)
DISMISS
Page 12
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY nllijfUjGH!j~ffil~f:GJlU
DISMISSAL WITH PREJUDICE
DISMISSAL WITHOUT
PREJUDICE
'
DISPOSITION (final outcome of a - l'ilSU11J.UtU~
criminal case)
DISSOLUTION
DISTRICT ATTORNEY ( D.A.)
DIVERSION (alternative program- l'i1:JfG~jtit9li'U (qijn'f!JangJ
which may result in dismissal of
charges)
DIVORCE
DOCKET(n)
D0MESTIC.YieLENGE· · - l'i1ti':ltUriUQ~lijl\f.\S .; ,utii'~ttnlliitnn5Q~lijl\f.\L, , ' '
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
DUE PROCESS
Page 13.
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY tlllijfUjGH!:i~fl:l.la'i:ujlU I
ENHANCEMENT (factor that - l'irilUtStHill(U n "
increases criminal penalty)
ENTER A PLEA
ENTRAPMENT - l'il Hl5jl3 ~t g (mtCI[JIJ'tfLULiifftitffaLlrgtB!{jmur;IJ) ~ w
EQUAL PROTECTION
EVICTION - l'iltutnnmtum, mHilu:tumrnt:rt:lfunu n'J...., U•..., Nw· v
EVIDENCE - m n tll ri ujl rJ, m ntJ1 ri on ri, l'i ~ l'ill3, nhn l3 '
EVIDENCE, DIRECT - l'i (\j l'i1l3 tJ u ell n.i; l'i (\j l'ill3 t:i 1:1 3 n v ~ n 1
' '
EVIDENCE, PRIMA FACIE - l'i ~ m ~I~ ru 111 rut illt] ell U'i UU'il s '
EXAMINATION, CROSS
EXAMINATION, DIRECT
EXAMINATION, RE-CROSS
EXAMINATION, RE-DIRECT
Page 14
EXIBIT (object submitted as - fl'il'ii'IHilll ( a. rr;mMIJI'W1i, tufif'i. mtifiL ~fln I "}'l (j II N
evidence)
EXIBIT, PEOPLE'S - fl'iJ'i(Umll3lllUriHteilll ( maiC:J J " n • t;l'
' '
EXTRADITION - riliUfllS ~ S t IIi ri t ~ ll t Gl 9ft] (!9'1i~JlLUHJM(C:fflJ!gmi'!JJ!a I u u
EYEWITNESS
·FAILURE TO COMPLY
FAIR HEARING
FALSE IMPRISONMENT - ueu~u.mit~~;r; a '
FELONY
FIELD SOBRIETY TEST
FILE(n)
FILE(v)
FIND GUILTY ( v) - H'it ill m tll m s t 111 (15 ~
FINDING - r;lur;tillm; r;1irsututillm ~ .. ~
Page 15
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY n1fijfUjGH~~fj1l~f:uJlU '
FINE (court-imposed monetary - f~u~tllf'i; L4lriiism
assessment)
FINGERPRINTS
FIREARM
. FORECLOSURE
FORFEIT ( v)
FOSTER CARE
FRAUD
GARNISH (to issue process for
purpose of attaching wages or
money)
GOOD CAUSE
GRAND JURY
GROUNDS (reasons)
GUARDIANSHIP
GUILTY
- f'iitti~ N
- tmrn 1 a. trnW[JFiium: J
- Hn5~1S; Hn5tUH1 II t::r II I
- l'ilrlt:ll!fHlfllrlJ4ln5
Page 16
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY rlllijftfjGH!it1Sfl_l~f:GJlU
HABEAS CORPUS
HANDCUFFS
HEARING (formal proceeding
held before judge or admin
istartive law judge)
HEARING, CONTESTED
HEARING, PRELIMINARY
HEARSAY
HOLDING CELL
ILLEGAL
IMMUNITY (exemption from a
charge or penalty)
IMPEACHMENT OF WITNESS
INADMISSIBLE
INCRIMINATE
INDICTMENT
•
- UT.lltl 8i £8 1! l'i t m N ~ ru u
- u 8 ulli aus1rmnrnn ~ ' '
Page 17
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY ml'ijfUjGt!J:i~ftll~hiJlU '
INDIGENT
INFORMANT
INFORMATION (formal charge) - llll'ijUn{(~ (rilffSi~filifi.JlUJ
INFRACTION
INJUNCTION
INMATE
INNOCENT UNTIL PROVEN
GUILTY
- 1-'ilSIIIlNIIl rHlUrull11iHSII1Sll'iltUtmlNISl: w ~.
INTENT (state of mind when per- - I fiti Sl; I m n5 U rul ~
forming an act)
INVESTIGATION - l'illi..;JU!fl~l'i ' n
JAIL" , ..
JOIN (to concur) - llinJI'il\J; fi 051\J • u
JUDGE
JUDGMENT
Page 18
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY nll'iJfUJfH1nl$fJll~f:GJ1U •
JURISDICTION
JUROR
JUROR, ALTERNATE
JURY - Ul'i tr rn nri, ~ nn 'Hi o m ' ... .. JURY, HUNG
JURY BOX
JURY FOREMAN
JURY TRIAL
JUVENILE
JUVENILE HALL
KIDNAP·.,. · ·
LARCENY - tHH\Hit~ u
LAWSUIT - unlit~ "
LEADING QUESTION
Page 19
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY lllf'ijfUJ~HJ:i~f£l.l~f:uJ1U •
LEASE
LIABILITY
LIBEL ( n) - U9UiUl1trii (MflfUiU/jfHruJ1:1fl)
n j' ~
LIE DETECTOR
LIFE IMPRISONMENT
LINE-UP
LITIGATION
MALICE (purposely committing a - UClfl~!fll,riA, ri1Hlj1419
crime which will harm another)
MALPRACTICE - fiUJMa~'fJ:[lOf: (a. lnf{f. wrnf. .. ) '
MENTAL HEALTH
MIRANDAW ARNING
MISDEMEANOR
MISTRIAL
MODIFICATION
Page20
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY r11f'iJfUjtitf!j~'i1J.10f:GJlU '
MOTION (a petition for a ruling)
MOTION DENIED
MOTION GRANTED
MUG SHOT
NEGLIGENCE
NOT GUILTY - !H'i 3 (t5; !H'i ifl s t 91 (t5 '
NULL AND VOID - ti:l05G1rl91'itl1tiflUJ: '
OATH - rJut:l
OBJECT ( v J
to the other party's assertion
(or.evidence)] .., ...
OBJECTION OVERRULED
OBJECTION SUSTAINED
OFFENDER
Page21
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY t11fijfUJGH~~ftll~hiJlU '
OFFENSE (violation of law)
OFFER OF PROOF
ORDER, COURT
ORDINANCE - um fi Uri ll (r;nu1Jl1U•41UHJNUI'lll ... Hsilrmnwwmul'ill) ~n , w· l.i , , ,
OVERRULE
OVERT ACT
PARALEGAL
PAROLE
" " fJ1 s (If fi 9 flf)) B a
l'.:.RTY [plaintiff (People, State, - lil~ li~fHU1fl; ifj; [Uil'lr:iS ; qlHU1fl )
etc.), or defendant]
PATERNITY ...•
~"
PENALTY - l'ilHlSUJ; IHIJll'iti " y
PENALTY ASSESSMENT
PENDING (not yet decided) . - I r:Htfl11"]lllli l'itl l'iten :t,Mru, 1 ~ oi (lll t n rut~ ru ... '
Page 22
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY rlll'ijfUj1:Hf!jl5f!ll~h:iJlU
PENITENTIARY
PEOPLE ( PROSECUTION)
PEREMPTORY CHALLENGE
PERMANENT RESIDENT
PERSONAL ( OWN ) RECOG
NIZANCE
PETITION ( n ) (formal written
request for an order)
PETITION ( v ) (ask, request)
PLAINTIFF
PLEA (defendant's "guilty" or
"not guilty" answer to a criminal
charge)' ''
PLEA BARGAIN
PLEADINGS
POINTS AND AUTHORITIES
I
- nsSHill; l'il'iG· l'il'iHl dl •'•tot
- muJ Ell'i t tim tell tuH s 41 ti IHI5ttflri 1 ttnHnrnriifrJ1mf11tffll I '-1 II I ~ n
- l'i11 ru Sjl Hl1lli ~ S tJ ll (fJ1Silffl'i!JUf!fl57rrlfff!J) w
- m~. ml'ilnJ, ~n· tJ
Page23
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY tnl'ijiUjtitfl:!~ftilOf:ujlU
POLYGRAPH
POSTPONEMENT
PRE-SENTENCE REPORT
PREJUDICE
PREPONDERANCE OF
THE EVIDENCE
'
- Hl~Slill'ill'il'illJ'iritil ' u
- l'illtlll'iG/'i~S H o
~ < • - ti'Util'ill!lll'ilHlfltJSr:ll/'itGli'U
n '
- li ~ rn lll r:l nJ(!S HU ru ~ Utllll 1 a.mw:;:!fq~J f[Jfitgf[JIIniifrwn~J
I fli I rif fi 1{ fi7 /j l'f1 if lf1 /j { eJ flJ f! S I rif M l1[ U d1 M 1{ fi7 /j i U M l'f1 if lf1 /j IV fl) . .
PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE - /'ill I'U S ~ rll m S t Gl I'U; /'ill I'U S ~ rll r\112 I'U .... .... ""' I
PRETRIAL CONFERENCE
PRETRIAL RELEASE
PRIORABLE OFFENSE
PRIORS - t Gl (U tll tit'i tJ s '
PRISON - tlSSlml, M .. '
PRIVILEGE
PROBABLE CAUSE
PROBATION - l'illtl j It Gl (U
"
Page24
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY llll'ijfUJGaJ:i~fij_l~h:iJlU
PROBATION, FORMAL
PROBATION, SUMMARY
PROBATION DEPARTMENT
PROBATION OFFICER
PROOF (evidence convincing to
the judge or jury)
I
rmtljiHTh'U !illEr rm rrtnwrnsf!l'i[fffii'lsf!JJ u ' u
- l'illtlj!t 1111\.rt U'liE 1 rm r flfiY1Sf!l'i[fffii'lsf!JJ u u
- ~l'iliJniiiiru (81/Jf!JmnNJ
- Mu mil 'l
u
PROPER - r\nmll3Silll, tGClltl!rn'fr\nmll3SillltS4nnnl'i11 N d N I u u
PROSECUTION - L~l!ttn9, U'!l!~llt~105t1Tl(U
PROSECUTOR - H:l!flell; !ll'iUllHl105t91(U t::r -...J a n n
QUASH - ~trtGlru, tnri~l'ielltl!lw: , ra. rnrirmm§lmf!JUnf!iJJ
REASONABLE DOUBT, BEYOND A - t 05 lll!l S l'illt ;tlll e of rf.:tmNifiUll/Nffll'(lf)
Page25
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY tnl'ijfUjtil1al:lff!_l5i:tiJ1U
REGULATION
RELEASE OF INFORMATiON
RELINQUISMENT (giving up a
right)
REMAND (to send back a case to - urnstllirrn ... ~ u
a lower court or administrative
hearing office)
REMEDY (n) ( legal compensation - rill N ll tll:i' G ri v "'
fora wrong)
~ ~ " REPORT ( v ) ( to state ) - trlt N ti f'i lllli f'il Hlfl
J "
•
~ < REPORT ( n) (formal accoun~of - tNti~11llif'i11C\Iltl1rlff'i11
...: facts or information )
RESPONDENT - ur;til'runu. tilHtilG 0. N
1 I
RESTITUTION
RESTRAINING ORDER
REVOKE
RIGTHS, CONSTITUTIONAL
Page 26
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY t111iJfUJutfa~'f[ila'hijlU I
RULE ( to decide ) '·
SEARCH AND SEIZURE
SELF DEFENSE
SELF·INCRIMITATION mug flitllurHU£ s t1 ~; mug flilrl still NfJ rtf£ s tl~ w w
SENTENCE (court's punishment) - mlfJlfltlllN; t'i1W1nllrull'it!lt:JNtG4Ut'iH " "'
. SENTENCE, CONCURRENT - t'i1lflitl1Ud ru11 05[1 (mtmritfTIN!LUS'!}ti7UtJ!j mw{ r;yw i '
SENTENCE, CONSECUTIVE
SENTENCE, SUSPENDED - t'illtlj!tlllN~t'iNS w
SENTENCING
SEPARATION
SERVE A SENTENCE
SETTLEMENT
SHERIFF
STATEMENT, CLOSING
Page27
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY t111'ijiUjriH~~ftl1~i:uJltl
STATEMENT, OPENING
STATUTE
STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS
STATUTORY RAPE
- urn fi Mi l'iHll: ttH\5 !:!J"
'
STAY ( n) (a delay or Cessation) - mttlSJII~I'i, l'ill~ll'i~l'iruS
STAY ( v) ( To put off or block) t:J1nsnrus, unrisnrus M ' '
STIPULATE
STRAIGHT TIME
SUBMIT (present to the court for - ~llrlU~lm, enr'it::s "' ~ u
consideration , e.g. evidence )
SUBPOENA - Em (tmmm. rnurniJ
SUE
SUIT - unfi~ "
SUSTAIN - ssru. usm1n, 99CI5!111'i u' l~t'l w
SWEAR (to declare under oath )
Page28
--- -------------------------
. l LEGAL TERMINOLOGY r11f'ijfUJGH!:i~f1i1tli:uj1U
'
TESTIFY
TESTIMONY
TIME SERVED
TORT
TRAFFIC CITATION
TRAIL - ustm, tri51'itll4tm\HJ3 n '
TRANSCRIPT - ri nil ri t UH'i '
TRIAL
TRIAL, COURT/BENCH
TRIAL, JURY
UNCONSTITUTIONAL
UNDERCOVER • ~ <
- Cll!U; !ll'iUS3Sti'UUI'i1!ru1 W c::ll "'"' I u
UNEMPLOYMENT
Page29
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY tllf'ijfUJjjH~~fB_1~i:uj1U
UNLAWFUL DETAINER
VACATE ( v) (to cancel)
VENUE
VERDICT
VICTIM
VIOLATION
VISITATION (right of parent to
visith with children )
VOIR DIRE
WAIVE RIGHTS
WAIVE TIMES
WAIVER OF RIGHTS
WARRANT ( order )
ARRANT, ARREST
ARRANT, BENCH
I
- mnt.,ul'it~~Hi~(UGJlU (a. ts1E:tfitmwwuulif!JnJlfl1J v
. ~
- lll'ittnrual'itS~(IJS; ruutmru; 91'it:l1t!f1UJ: I W N I
Q,o ., ., • • ....
- 91'il S ~~ el rt5!f1SIHU11G l'i1 !'it (Uti l'i N n
- eim; ueurn1 ...
Page30
/
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY tllrijfUjuaa~rfl.l~hijlU I
WARRANT, SEARCH
WEAPON - lfl1ti '
WEAPON, CONCEALED - m1unnriullu ' n
WEAPON, DEADLY
WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE - 9!!S1UI'Ufi~rilll; rfirifStnt15lltltflJW..Jti~rilll ' '
WITNESS ( n)
WITNESS, DEFENSE
WITNESS, EXPERT
WITNESS, HOSTILE
WITNESS, MATERIAL
WITNESS, PROSECUTION
WITNESS STAND
WORK FURLOUGH
WORK RELEASE
WRIT
Page 31
"' CRIMES uatruru ...
ARSON - UIHI5G el ri u '
ASSAULT - Ullthnssumrn, UllthnsN9 . "'
ASSAULT, AGGRAVATED - UIIUtnSIUI'ilUltiStil • v v
ASSAULT, WITH A DEADLY
WEAPON
AUTO TAMPERING
BATTERY
BATTERY, SPOUSAL - ullrlrnmH1uuns n "'
BOOKMAKING
BRANDISHING A WEAPON - UIIUttJlt]1fl~tit~'trjn5ejri '
BREAKING AND ENTERING - Ulleil(UillflU!Gr\5 N U
BURGLARY
CHILD MOLESTATION - UII051'i05lSI'iStl'ill (ili9J/if1ftrl<'t.iJ " u .... ., ...
CONSPIRACY
CONTEMPT OF COURT
Pagel
CRIMES
COUNTERFEITING
DISORDERLY CONDUCT
DISTURBING THE PEACE
DRIVING WHILE INTOXICATED
DRUNK. ~RIVING
EMBEZZLEMENT
EXTORTION
FAILURE TO APPEAR ( FTA l
FORGERY J •
- U911'il:lUS w w
GAMBLING
GLUE SNIFFING
GRAND THEFT
HIT AND RUN
HOMICIDE
Page2
CRIMES
INCEST
ENDECENTEXPOSURE - U9Utmmtl'ii31Cii, U9Utt))IJ)I'i1t1lf1UI'i1ri lA ~ """ ...........
JOYRIDING
KIDNAPPING - U9G1Utl'~ I'Uj
LARCENY - UIHl5Gtri u
LEWD CONDUCT - u 9lf1 (U lfll'il (U
LffiEL
LOITERING
LYNCHING
MALICIOUS MISCHIEF
Page3
CRIMES
MURDER - u 9 rJ nrnhr ~ Nj
ORAL COPULATION, FORCED
PANDERING
PERJURY
PETTY THEFT - U9C\HHiGtnG " .
PIMPING
POSESSION OF DRUGS (cocaine,
heroine)
PROSTITUTION - UIHI'irqruri~s I[U[figiiti'imNJ7J "
RAPE
RAPE, STATUTORY •.•
RAPE IN CONCERT
RECKLESS DRIVING
ROBBERY - U9USHi "'
Page4
~
CRIMES U9H\H\5 "'
SEXUAL MOLESTATION - U 9 ClHH\51 S •
SHOPLIFTING
SLANDER
SODOMY - Ullt(Utl mtHl (U\l!Hl1 n (8.1Mr1ff1fJri1fffSfGFJri !frtlffllJMri)
I ""' tot U. 11'1 ., <II
THEFT - U9ctHit~ u
THEFT, GRAND - U9ctHiti u
THEFT, PETTY - U9ct5tititit'i1ti u •
TRESPASSING
- U9ll'l5nu]umn\ru
VANDALISM
'Page5
Bibliography
Black's Law Dictionary, West Publishing Company (6th ed. 1993) (available in bookstores and libraries)
Cambodian Dictionary, Institut Bouddhique (5th ed. 1967) (available in Cambodian bookstores)
Garner, Bryan A, A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage, Oxford University Press (1987) (available in bookstores and libraries)
Gifis, Steven H., Law Dictionary, Barron's Educational Series, Inc. (3rd ed. 1991) (available in bookstores and libraries)
Washington State Administrator for the Courts, A Citizen's Guide to Washington Courts, Glossary, (1993)
(available from the Court Interpreter Certification Program, Pre-Test for Interpreters, Washington State Administrator for the Courts)
2
(
2 •
OFFICE OF THE .4DML'VJSTR4JVR I·W~ THF:CQUR1S MARY CAMPBELL McQUEEN AdiiWilltltur
STATE OF WASHINGTON 111M 5. ()uioco su... Mail Slop EZ·II O(mlpio. WA 91504 (JIM) 7JJ.JJ6J FAX:111MJSIUI69
Copyright © 1994 State of Washington Office of the Administrator for the Couns
GLOSSARY OF SELECTED LEGAL TERMS
ENGLISH-KOREAN
State Justiee Institute
1650 KiqSiniol. Suioo 6111. ..... I io. VirJinia nll4 (103) 614-6100
DlstributedbyACEBO 0 P.O.Box7485 0 Spreckels.CA93962 0 (408)455-1507 OFAX:(408)455-1541
INTRODUCTION
During the past decade, thousands of Asian immigrants have appeared in American state courts as civil and criminal litigants. Interpreters, who breach the language gap between judge and litigant, are required by law and fairness to interpret all English spoken in court into the immigrant's language. However, while interpreters are held to the standard of interpreting legal terms accurately and completely, few bilingual legal resources exist. To begin to address the need for accurate bilingual equivalents for English legal terms, a proposal was submitted to the State Justice Institute for the development of basic bilingual legal glossaries in Cantonese, Laotian, Khmer (Cambodian), Korean. and Vietnamese. These languages are spoken by a large number of individuals living in a wide range ofstates.
This bilingual English-Korean glossary is designed to be used as a working document for EnglishKorean court interpreters. Since for the most part interpreters interpret English legal words into Korean, the English terms are listed first. The body of the glossary consists of approximately 450 words, which were selected as representatives of frequently used legal terms in state courts. This list is by no means exhaustive; court interpreters use many other legal terms as well.
Each word is translated into its equivalent in Korean. The equivalent word or words given are, in the authors' opinions, the best interpretation of the English legal word. This word or short phrase interpretations convey the English word's meaning, and are meant to be used by interpreters when serving in legal proceedings.
In addition. some English words are defined in English because they have more than one English meaning. The English definitions, statements describing one or more meanings of the word, appear in parenthesis beside the English words. Readers are cautioned that many legal terms have alternate meanings. Interpreters must use great care to use the appropriate Korean alternate equivalent for an alternate English meaning. Also, interpreters are cautioned that a handful of legal words used regionally in some states appear in the glossary. If a word sounds quite unfamiliar, interpreters should check with other interpreters or attorneys.
Some Korean interpretations are followed by explanations in Korean. These were added because the authors felt readers would benefit from brief descriptions of more unusual terms. At the end of the glossary, a bibliography outlines resources used in creating the glossary, and also other resources which may be useful to interpreters. Every court interpreter should utilize several dictionaries. An essential part of the interpreter's job is to continuously look up word meanings in both languages.
This glossary is meant to serve as a foundation for the development of individual bilingual legal glossaries by Korean interpreters. The words are widely spaced to allow for the inclusion of usage notes and other comments. Interpreters are strongly. encouraged to elaborate on the definition (as opposed to the equivalent, which is the translation of each term, a definition is a statement of the meaning( s) of the word or phrase), of each word in Korean and English, to make
up a sentence using the term. and to include other pertinent information. Binder paper can be added at the end of the glossary for the addition of other important legal terms. For an excellent discussion of the development of an interpreter's glossary, see Gonzalez, Vasquez, and Mikkelson. Fundamentals of Court Interpretation, Carolina Academic Press 456 (1991).
This project was produced through the efforts of several people. The word list was compiled by Joanne Moore. J.D .• manager of the Washington State Court Interpreters Certification Program, Office of the Administrator for the Courts, and by Gregg Miller, certified interpreter and interpreting educator in Los Angeles County, California. The Korean equivalents were written by Jacki Noh. California certified Korean interpreter, and Ted Kim, California certified.Korean interpreter. They were reviewed by Nam-Jong Alex Jo, California certified Korean interpreter, Ken Lee. a bilingual attorney in practice in Santa Clara, California, and Professor Chin Kim, California Western School of Law. San Diego. California.
This glossary was developed through a grant from the State Justice Institute. Points of view expressed here in are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the State Justice Institute.
Every attempt has been made to ensure the accu.racy of the translations and definitions contained herein. No express or implied guarantees or warranties are made.
LEGAL TERMINOLOGY
ABSTRACT
(summary)
ACCESSORY
(assistant in a crime)
ACCOMPLICE
ACCUSATION
(formal written charge)
ACCUSE
ACCUSED
(defendant)
ACQUIT
ACQUITTAL
ADJUDICATE (v)
ADJUDICATION (n)
(deciding case through judicial
or administrative hearing)
I
.!j!-~ -\'!: ~ ~ 1.Jl el q. (:;rj JI.J-}?,:i oj 'I:J ~ £ £]A] o}L.] 15"}7-] 1-j
'l:l ~ ""}-~ _gj ~ ~ 0 1 \ll ::: till oJ] .!j!-~
>& ~% Ll1 'tl )
ADMISSIBLE
(acceptable; e.g., admissible evidence)
ADMISSION
(disclosure of adverse facts)
ADOPTION
(legal process of establishing parental
relationship between adoptive parent
and child born of other parents)
ADVISEMENT OF RIGHTS
AFFIDAVIT
AFFIDAVIT OF PREJUDICE
(sworn statement alleging
a potential judge is biased)
AGREEMENT
(two or more persons' mutual promises)
AID AND ABET
ALIMONY
ALLEGATION
(party's statement of fact
the party intends to prove)
2
'\5'- 7j 'o '9 0 l ~ ::: (;.H-;4oJ]..o.'j .A~~~ ~~%~::: r1]
~ 71 ~ -'H .;lJ ~ '1=- ~ ::: l
"if~, Aj~
o~~7JoJl ~<H:!- .... ~~ ~ ~:>:a%~::: ~
ALLEGE (asserted as a true fact)
AMEND
(to revise a complaint or other legal document)
AMENDMENT
(modification of document)
ANSWER 1., (n) defendant's formal document
setting outdefense (civil)
2. ( v) to respond or reply to a question
or charge
APPEAL (n)
(review of a case by a higher court)
APPEAL (v)
(to file a case in a higher court for review)
APPEARANCE (party's presence in court)
ARBITRATION .
ARGUMENT
(debate before the court)
ARRAIGN
3
~~
(~±::<.}oJ] 7]7ij~ ~±).}~ !£:::: ~% ~.X.~ ~7}, 1J.SJ::: ~±".}~ ~~~)
ARRAIGNMENT
(to formally advise defendant of the
charges at an initial court appearance
ARREST
(law enforcement's taking of suspect
into formal custody)
ASSIGNEE
ATTEST
(to affirm under oath)
ATTORNEY
ATTORNEY OF RECORD
AUTHENTICATE
BAIL
(security given for the release of
a defendant pending trial)
BAIL BONDSMAN
4
( :iiJ Jl ~ 01 '1?-~ 1+~ oJl t:ll -5} oj .!f- Sl ' EE ::: ~ 15J- "~ .g- ';~! g_ -5} ::: ~A)
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( '1?- 't!-3:. -"i % oJl 'rf). t ;;<:} 9j '1?-~
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~~ ~7-1 3:_.A}~ ~)
BAIL FORFEITURE
BAIL REVIEW
BAILIFF
BANKRUPTCY
BENCH
(judge or court)
BIAS
BODY ATTACHMENT
BOND
(certificate of debt redeemable if
defendant fails to appear in court)
BOOKING NUMBER
BREATHALYZER
BRIDE
5
~i!J
( 'l:J 'lj9.j ~Al %?:] ~ ~ '1] ?:] :::: A}iff)
-1'- 4j-~ 'l'l ¥- 7] .:<lilt! §.
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%% %i!J :::: 'l'l .lj!-9.] 7] ;<~ ~ §.)
g 9- ~~7]
(~% ~~ if-£ §.~ {JA}7])
BRIEF
(n) written synopsis of case
BURDEN OF PROOF
CALENDAR, COURT
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
CASE
(criminal or civil lawsuit)
CAUSATION
CERTIFIED
CHAIN OF CUSTODY
CHALLENGE
( v) to object to the qualifications
of a potential juror
CHALLENGE FOR CAUSE
6
~ 4f A}{! <>I~ JI.
(7]{1 t!~£ ~".3.!9~ ~% '-H:!
ojj '1l ~~)
.!i!. i'l- .91 ~ ~ ~ · (';;"71 '?J-.ej:.£.!J!-El i'-'lJ:;:>:joJ]Al ~jAj
a:jJ 7J} ;:>:j.9j .!i!. i'l- .91 ~ ~ '-.3 :: ~ 71 oJl
~ 'T~ oj t:})
A}-{l-oJI .9j ~ 7)llj
(IF~~ o 1% 7} ~ ~ llH {l ~ 7]l!J)
CHAMBERS
(judge's office)
CHARGE
CHILD SUPPORT
CIRCUMSTANCES, AGGRAVATING
CIRCUMSTANCES, MITIGATING
CITATION
1. official notice to appear in court
especially in traffic court
2. notation of legal authority
CITY ATTORNEY
CIVIL ACTION
CLAIM (n)
(legal demand)
CLAIM (v)
(to insist upon)
CLERK
(court official)
1;± A}~,~~
( i'-:±"J-<>11 ~ %¥! ~ ~ a~ .m
AJ ~ \'!_§. ~
( A J ~ tJl c.j 5} :::: \'!_ §. '(\ )
~,..
"r'~c51-t:J-
A-j7J
7
COLLATERAL
1. property pledged to secure
a debt (e.g., bail)
2. supplementary and additional
COMMISSIONER
COMMIT (v)
1. to institutionalize, e.g., to
a mental hospital
2. to perpetrate, e.g. a crime
COMMITMENT
(consignment of person to
a mental hospital or a prison)
COMMUNITY PROPERTY
COMPETENCY
(legal capacity to stand trial or a witness)
COMPLAINT
(written statement initiating
a criminal or civil action)
COMPLY
(to act as directed or ordered)
COMPOSITE DRAWING
8
CONFESSION
CONFISCATE
(governmental seizure of property)
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT
CONTEMPT OF COURT
CONTINUANCE
(rescheduling a legal proceeding for a later date) •
CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE
CONVICT (n)
(individual who has been found
guilty of a crime)
CONVICT (V)
(to find a defendant guilty of a crime)
CONVICTION
(finding of guilty in a criminal case)
CORONER
CORROBORATE
9
COUNSEL
1. (v) to advise
2. (n) lawyer
COUNSEL TABLE
COUNT (n)
(numbered charge)
COUNTERCLAIM
COUNTY }All..
COURT
COURT, DEPENDENCY
COURT, DISTRICT
COURT, JUVENIT..E
COURT, MUNICIPAL
COURT, NIGHT
COURT, SUPERIOR
COURT, SUPREME
;;<] 'lJ' 'tl ~ (.£-"] oJ] 11 ::<]-¥! 9- "J-¥- ;;<] "J- 'tl ~)
o~,n 'tl ~
( oJ:.noJ] ~ 21 ::: 1J ~)
10
COURT, TRAFFIC
COURT-APPOINTED COUNSEL
. COURT INTERPRETER
COURT REPORTER
COURTROOM
CREDIBILITY
CRIME
CRIMINAL
CRIMINAL RECORD
CUSTODY
1. care and control of children
2. incarceration
DAMAGES
(repayment for loss or injury)
DEATH PENALTY
DEATH ROW
11
't) ~ 4f7] At
('tJ"aoJL+ i:% ~it! ~~}oJJAi "5-~%%
4f7] 15}:: A}'ff)
1. .!i. ~. OJ 4- '?:!.
2 . .,. if
DECREE (n)
(order, judgement)
DEFAULT JUDGMENT
DEFENDANT
DEFENSE
1. the defendant and defense attorney
2. evidence offered by an accused
to defeat a criminal charge
DEFENSE ATTORNEY
DELIBERATION
(careful consideration, e.g. of jury)
DEPORTATION
DEPOSITION
(oral statement given under oath)
DEPUTY D.A.
DETENTION
(being retained in custody)
12
{lA}
( {I A P'.H· li!.. if} '5} oj i" ~ 9.j ;<1]7] ~
* .AJ ~ ~ i!-£ '5r-:::: iHr ~ l
T-4r ( {! "1]9.j .A}%~ ;<Jj ~'5} :ri \..j- o:<J .Aj Aj;'
DISCOVERY
(pretrial process to obtain facts ·
from other side)
DISMISS
DISMISSAL (WITH PREJUDICE)
DISMISSAL (WITHOUT PREJUDICE)
DISPOSITION
. (final outcome of a criminal case)
DISSOLUTION
(termination of a marriage, partnership; etc.)
DISTRICT ATTORNEY (D.A.)
DIVERSION
(alternative program which may result in
dismissal of charges)
DIVORCE
DOCKET (n)
13
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(""'J- t:l1 "J- 0 1 ?!- .:i!. :ll ::: }. t ~ ."E. ::: ~ 71 ~ ~ 7ij 3"} s:. ~ 3"}::: '@ :7.})
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%~
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DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
DOUBLE JEOPARDY
DUE PROCESS
ENHANCEMENT
(factor that increases criminal penalty)
ENTER A PLEA
ENTRAPMENT
EQUAL PROTECTION
EVICTION
EVIDENCE
EVIDENCE, CIRCUMSTANTIAL
EVIDENCE, DffiECT
EVIDENCE, PRIMA FACffi
EXAMINATION, CROSS
14
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( 7.} :>11 '1.2. .£. oj IIi A}{)_ ~ ~ -;;- "5} :::
%~~ ~:rj)
EXAMINATION, DIRECT
EXAMINATION, RE-CROSS
EXAMINATION, RE-DIRECT
EXHIBIT
(object submitted as evidence)
EXHIBIT, PEOPLE'S
EXTRADITION
EYEWITNESS
. FAILURE TO COMPLY
FAIR HEARING
FALSE IMPRISONMENT
FELONY
FIELD SOBRIETY TEST
15
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'tl ~ ~£ ( '1'- ~ :: .:;;- 7} {!- <>11 1l ~ g_
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~oJ~
(n:}£A1 ~g)
~~
(A}~ 0 ]Lj- :;i!_ £ .± <>11 Ai ~ \:! 01 AJ- .9j
~E..£ ;;~ ~ o1 7]- 'o ~ .:fj)
FILE (n)
FILE (v)
FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
FIND GUlL TY (v)
FINDING
FINE
(court-imposed monetary assessment)
FINGERPRINTS
FIREARM
FORECLOSURE
FORFEIT
FOSTER CARE
FRAUD
16
'tl ~ .!i!. ~ 71 ~
< 'tl ~ oJl~-~ & e . -t1- cJ <5"} ::: 7] ~ >
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GARNISH
(to issue process for purpose of attaching
wages or money)
GOOD CAUSE
GRAND JURY
GROUNDS
(reasons)
GUARDIANSHIP
GUILTY
HABEAS CORPUS
HANDCUFFS
HEARING
(formal proceeding held before judge or
administrative law judge)
HEARING, CONTESTED
HEARING, PRELIMINARY
HEARSAY
{] c.! ( 'iJ l!ID
17
HOLDING CELL
ILLEGAL
IMMUNITY
(exemption from a charge or penalty)
IMPEACHMENT OF WITNESS
INADMISSffiLE
INCRIMINATE
INDICTMENT
INDIGENT
INFORMANT
(formal charge)
INFORMATION
INFRACTION
INJUNCTION
18
~~ -r~l~
( ;<» i:J-% 7] r:J- cJ :: ;rJ 9J .At~ .:r ~~a} '~Hl .:r Yl .:r ~~ ~)
-;;' 7j 'o ~ o] Ill::
( ;<» i:l-<>il"'i "'t~ ~ ~~a}:: c1] oJ] o
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r:Jl llfl {) 7] ~
(r:Jlll»{)o] ~¥!<>!] ~]7]15t:: .:g-~)
~.:u.A}-
( ~ 9j -91 ~ oJ] r:Jl ~ -'5- .9.. 'll .!i!. ~ ll]
~].:g-15t :: .At)
INMATE
INNOCENT ·UNTIL PROVEN GUILTY
INTENT
(state of mind when performing an act)
INVESTIGATION
JAIL
JOIN
(v) to concur
JUDGE (n)
JUDGMENT
JURISDICTION
JUROR
JUROR, ALTERNATE
JURY
JURY, HUNG
19
:f!? ( .ll!. .s:. ~ oJ] 'T ~-¥! !f] ~ )
%:f! ~~ o] 1J-~ ~ aii7J]-A]
-¥-:f! ~~
.!;!.~ (~fR) llfl{) ~
( llfl 11 ~ oJ1 711 01 "11- 01 ~% all .:z. ~
qj{l~ 'T ~:::: 0!11:11 llfl{)~)
JURY BOX
JURY FOREMAN llfl {) t:Q lf.
< ofl 11 % "1'- .:<H 5}::.: .A} l
JURY TRIAL
JUVENILE
]UVENii..E HALL
KIDNAP
LARCENY
LAWSillT
LEADING QUESTION
LEASE
LIABILITY
LffiEL (n)
LIE DETECTOR
LIFE IMPRISONMENT
LINE-UP
20
LITIGATION
MALICE
(purposely committing a crime
which will harm another)
MALPRACTICE
MENTAL HEALTH
MffiANDA WARNING
MISDEMEANOR
MISTRIAL
MODIFICATION
MOTION
(a petition for a ruling)
MOTION DENIED
MOTION GRANTED
MUG SHOT
21
{I {f-~ ~ cJ 7J j! ( -T 4r {I it- o 1 'V. 71 :ct oJ1 ~ cJ oJ1 tH ,;fl ~ Pj ? <>l 0): 15"]- -:: 7d .:1!. )
11 ~ 0 ] 7] zt ~ q.
( 11 78 .9.] tJl % ~ 01 % \lJ. q. .:1!. llfl Zi ~)
11 ~ o] 'll 'll ~ q.
<1178% ~o]- ~ o1 q)
'lJ 'll Aj-~
( T 4j- 'll 'lPJ!- oJ1 % 2.] -:: A 1-~ )
NEGLIGENCE
NOT GUILTY
NULL AND VOID
OATH
OBJECT (v)
OBJECTION
(formal protestation to the other
party's assertion or evidence)
OBJECTION OVERRULED
OBJECTION SUSTAINED
OFFENDER
OFFENSE
(violation of law)
OFFER OF PROOF
ORDER, COURT
ORDINANCE
oJ .Qj 7} 7) zt £It:}-
(o].Qj~ o]%~t:}-Jl Hfl-3j%}t:}-)
oJ .Qj 7} ~ ~ £1 q. (o].Qj ~ oJ%~t:}-Jl ~o} ~o]t:j-)
zz
OVERRULE
OVERT ACT
PARALEGAL
PAROLE
PARTY
plaintiff (people, state, etc.) or defendant
PATERNITY
PENALTY
PENALTY ASSESSMENT
PENDING
(not yet decided)
PENITENTIARY
PEOPLE (PROSECUTION)
PEREMPTORY CHALLENGE
23
7]zt
(o]~ ~ 7]Zfi3}cj-)
~;(t ~~
(1-}"'~o}~ o}J:I17.]~ ~ "i]~~)
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~'it~ (:fJifl¥1) IIU{H! 7]l!J
( oj %~ tJ1 7.] ~ Jl£ ~ 9- 9,1:::: llH {j ~
7] IIj)
PERMANENT RESIDENT
PERSONAL (OWN) RECOGNIZANCE
PETITION (n)
(formal written request for an order)
PETITION (v)
(ask, request)
PLAINTIFF
PLEA
(defendant's "guilty" or "not guilty"
answer to a criminal charge)
PLEA BARGAIN
PLEADINGS
(documents filed in a case)
POINTS AND AUTHORITIES
POLYGRAPH
POSTPONEMENT
24
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'i.) % .!9 ::: '1:14 'tl- t!l])
~7)
PRE-SENTENCE REPORT
PREJUDICE
(bias or preconceived opiruon)
PREPONDERANCE OF THE EVIDENCE
PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE
PRETRIAL CONFERENCE
PRETRIAL RELEASE
PRIORABLE OFFENSE
PRIORS
PRISON
PRIVILEGE
(immunity against compulsory disclosure,
e.g., privilege against self incrimination,
attorney client privilege, etc.)
PRO PER
25
1!JI.~ l;!JI..kJ
(Jtl:.A}7} 1!JI.~ 3}:: til .S:. %o) 5.) .S:. ~
~P·a -tJ. .!;!_ .:i!. ).~ )
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( ~ll!~ <>ll "~ 1l ~ ~"5]7] ~ ~ ~~})
~ 3!j- 7] ~E..£ 'it:::: ~ ;fj
( ~ :i!J- 7] ~oJI % ai ~ 9- ~:::: 'i:l ~ l
PROBABLE CAUSE
PROBATION
(suspension of defendant's sentence under
supervision of probation officer)
PROBATION, FORMAL
PROBATION, SUMMARY
PROBATION DEPARTMENT
PROBATION OFFICER
PROOF
(evidence convincing to the judge or jury)
PROSECUTION
PROSECUTOR
PUBLIC DEFENDER (P.D.)
QUASH
~~ &§.¥!-~
( .!i!. §. i:! ~ ~ 'f} ~ "5)-~ .!i!. §. ¥!- ~)
Q}'~ &§.¥!-~
( 't! ~ ~~"5]-~ .>!.§.'\'!-~)
26
RAP SHEET
REASONABLE DOUBT, BEYOND A
REBUTTAL
RECKLESS DRIVING
REGULATION
RELEASE OF INFORMATION
RELINQillSHMENT
(giving up a right)
REMAND
1. to send a case back to a lower court
or administrative hearings office
2. to send a person back into custody
REMEDY (n)
(legal compensation for a wrong)
REPORT
1. (v) to state
2. (n) formal account of facts or information
RESPONDENT
27
~ 3!}- 71 ~"""' <'@3!J-~ 7)~~ ),Hi-l
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( :o<J.!;!, ~ ~ "i=-15}:::: ~ 9.) &I Etl
.¥. 7).
1. ~ *' 15}-q. 2. ~.:U..Ai
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RESTITUTION
RESTRAINING ORDER
REVOKE
RIGHTS, CONSTITUTIONAL
RULE (v)
(to decide)
SEARCH AND SEIZURE
SELF DEFENSE
SELF-INCRIMINATION
SENTENCE (n)
(court's punishment)
SENTENCE, CONCURRENT
SENTENCE, CONSECUTIVE
SENTENCE, SUSPENDED
28
~~ if;;o:] ~ ~
(if ;;o:Jt1J i!J {] ~ oj] t!l ~ {! 2.j 7t ~ ll
!!Jl77tAl ~ ~A]~ ~ A~ g 7t~ it
'1l i!J )
;;o:H!% 'n ~ oJ1 ~ i'!A] {I
( lij j].::: '~H At-\:! oj] A~ ;;o:t 7] oj]Jl] ~
~ ~ ~ 7J ..a.~ ;;o:] ?;f g )
SENTENCING
SEPARATION
SERVE A SENTENCE
SETTLEMENT
SHERIFF
STATEMENT, CLOSING
STATEMENT, OPENING
STATUTE
.STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS
STATUTORY RAPE
STAY (n)
(a delay or cessation)
STAY (v)
(to put off or block)
STIPULATE
STIPULATION
29
·~!.71
( <a-A)-?:)- ~ {} ~ ~ "'~ % 3': ~ 15)- oj
~ ~ ~ oJl .s:. 'if%)
STRAIGHT TIME
SUBMIT
(present to the court for consideration,
e.g., evidence)
SUBPOENA
SUE
SUIT
SUSTAIN
SWEAR
(to declare under oath)
TESTIFY
TESTIMONY
TIME SERVED
TORT
TRAFFIC CITATION
:414;'- "* 2f 7J zt (~'C!-j'do] ll]4f ~2f-5ijo]: ii]-~ 7]{']
Jt2f 71 zt ( -a;j% ~o]- oj o] ;<] ;:: 7] nJ
30
TRAIL
TRANSCRIPT
TRIAL.
TRIAL, COURT /BENCH
TRIAL, JURY
TRIAL, SPEEDY
UNCONSTITUTIONAL
UNDERCOVER
UNEMPLOYMENT
UNLAWFUL DETAINER
VACATE
(to cancel)
VENUE
VERDICT
VICTIM
31
't1 ~ tfl7l . .~H! ~ 7]
({I c.] ~ ~ 'tl ~-& ~-& aJl JJr?:] nfl ~ Ar{i gj ~ 7])
~-\'}-
-\'}-A} ~ -\'}-
PrH <>!l 9J '311 0 l.lf- oJ ?:] :::: ~» ¥1-)
llfl {I ~ -\'}-
A]&:.~ ~~ c-. c
~H!
VIOLATION
VISITATION
(right of parent to visit with children)
VOIR DIRE
WAIVE (RIGHTS)
WAIVE (TIME)
WAIVER OF RIGHTS
WARRANT
(order)
WARRANT, ARREST
WARRANT, BENCH
WARRANT, SEARCH
WEAPON
WEAPON, CONCEALED
WEAPON, DEADLY
32
11fl11 ~ 11 At ( llfl {] ~ :3:1 zj "<l ~ 11 J.j-)
i;'-~7)'?,!~ ~7)oJ) %.9l~t:J-
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'?:!. cj .¥. 7 I A'J
('[!cj _¥.7]Ai~ %:fl ~::<J ~ "f''fr-8"
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-!-71
WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE
WITNESS (n)
WITNESS, DEFENSE
WITNESS, EXPERT
WITNESS, HOSTILE
WITNESS,NU\TERLAL
WITNESS, PROSECUTION
WITNESS STAND
WORK FURLOUGH
WORK RELEASE
WRIT
33 .
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~ £ .:z. ijlj )
VOCABULARY (CRIMES)
ARSON
ASSAULT
(attempt to inflict an injury)
ASSAULT, AGGRAVATED
ASSAULT WITH A DEADLY WEAPON
AUTO TAMPERING
BATTERY
BATTERY, SPOUSAL
BOOKMAKING
BRANDISHING A WEAPON
BREAKING AND ENTERING
1
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BURGLARY
CHll..D MOLESTATION
CONSPIRACY
CONTEMPT OF COURT
COUNTERFEITING
DISORDERLY CONDUCT
DISTURBING THE PEACE
DRIVING WHll..E INTOXICATED
DRUNK DRIVING
EMBEZZLEMENT
EXTORTION
F All..URE TO APPEAR (FT A)
FORGERY
GAMBLING
2
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GLUE SNIFFING
GRAND THEFT
lllT AND RUN
HOMICIDE
INCEST
INDECENT EXPOSURE
JOYRIDING
KIDNAPPING
LARCENY
LEWD CONDUCT
LffiEL
LOITERING
LYNCHING
MALICIOUS MISClllEF
3
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< ~J "ll ~ "a '2.f% 'i! ~ .s ~ -t-~ ~E...£ -II! -",Hl !OJ ::: 3:1 >
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.TI.~ 7] ~<B4tl ~»>if!
(~~ EE::: 'fr~E...£ ::<N~% .ll~.£
~:i!J ~ 3:1)
MANSLAUGHTER
MANSLAUGHTER,UNVOLUNTARY
MANSLAUGHTER, VOLUNTARY
MAYHEM
MURDER
ORAL COPULATION, FORCED
PANDERING
PERJURY
PETTY THEFT
PIMPING
POSSESSION OF DRUGS (COCAINE, HEROIN) o}~_±;;o:] $J
PROSTITUTION
RAPE
RAPE, STATUTORY
RAPE IN CONCERT
RECKLESS DRIVING
4
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ROBBERY
SEXUAL MOLESTATION
SHOPLIFTING
SLANDER
SODOMY
THEFT
THEFT, GRAND
THEFT; PETTY
TRESPASSING
VAGRANCY
VANDALISM
5
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(~%% ~~oJ]A~ ~.£~ ~)
-t!_ cj ~ A} 'lJ" iii! ;if (~"1] EE:: -'~{1-oJ] ~~ T:!Cl~
{!8jj~ ~)
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ojAJ.£, 'll o] 'i:l A}~ (Anglo-American Law Dictionary) "i]2'C\-. "ll iflw'Cl-, 1989. (Available in Korean bookstores in Seattle and Los Angeles such as Dong-A Book Plaza 213-382-7100, 7101)
~ %Ai ifl 'lHJ.;;:-, <;JH!!~ 'll ~ A}~ (Minjung's Essence English-Korean Dictionary, 5th ect.> "il5'C\-. ~ %Ai ifl w'Cl-, 1992.
(Available in most Korean bookstores in the US)
~ %Ai ifl 'l1 ~ .;;:-, ':}! 1!!~ ~'ll A}~ (Minjung' s Essence Korean-English Dictionary, 2nd ed.), "il2'Cl-. ~ %Ai ifl *:scl-, 1987.
(Available in most Korean bookstores in the US)
'i:l '§:]- 't! T~. 'i:l ~'§:]- tlJA}~. '1]'8- ~~~. 1990. (Available in bookstores in Korea)
'\J~~. 'i:J~~ A}~, %.!t'C\-. 'i:J~A}, 1966. (Available in bookstores in Korea)
~"H!. 'i:l ~. ~~A. 1991 (Available in bookstores in Korea)
'i:l~ '(1%~. tll'i:l~. 'i:l~ *:scl-A}, 1983. (Available in bookstores in Korea)
Un Bok Cheong, Barron's Bilingual Business Guides Talking Business in Korean. Barron's Educational Series, Inc., 1988.
(For availability information, call Barron's Educational Series, Inc. at 1-800-645-3476)
Ai~~·~?d~ >8Qj, o].;;:-'l:J ~~. ;<i]2'C\-. tlJ~ .ii'..:i!j-Ai '1'-~:§JA}, 1990. (Available in bookstores in Korea)
Black's Law Dictionary, West Publishing Company (6th ed. 1990) (Available in law school bookstores and law libraries)
Burton, Legal Thesaurus, Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. (2nd ed. 1992) (Available in law school bookstores and law libraries)
Gonzales, Vasquez, and Mikkelson, Fundamentals of Court Interpretation, Carolina Academic Press (1991)
(For availability information, call Carolina Academic Press at 1-919-489-7486)
3
3
. - r .. 1'.
' OFFICE OFTHE ADMINISTRATOR IVR
7HECQUR1S
MAR\' CAMPBELL Mc:Qt!EEN -STATE OF WASHINGTON· llOil S. QUINCE mEEt 1'0 /I(J}{ 4//'10 OUIII'IA. WA I/GOI-11'10 (2011) 7JJ..JJdS MZ: 1201lJ.fl6 NIP
Copyright© 1994 Swe of Washington Office of the Administrator for the Couns
GLOSSARY OF SELECTED LEGAL TERMS
ENGLISH-LAOTIAN
,,.f.,C.,.. ( ri-
!Y-t- (·t:,_S
State Justice Institute
1650 Killl s.... s..eao. Ala • a. v..-. mw C"'IDI 611-61111
Distributed by ACEBO CJ P.O. Box 7485 CJ Spreckels, CA 93962 CJ (408) 455-1507 CJ FAX: (408) 455-1541
i
,1
I
I
'
up a sentence using the term. and to include other pertinent information. Binder paper can be added at the end of the glossary for the addition of other important legal terms. For an excellent
·discussion of the development of an interpreter's glossary, see Gonzalez, Vasquez, and Mikkelson. Fundamentals ofCourtlnterpretation. Carolina Academic Press 456 (1991).
This project was produced through the efforts of several people. The word list was compiled by Joanne Moore, J.D., manager of the Washington State Court Interpreters Certification Program, Office of the Administrator for the Courts, and by Gregg Miller, certified interpreter and interpreting educator in Los Angeles County, California. The Laotian equivalents were written by Edmund Channita. Los Angeles County certified Laotian interpreter, Sue Novosak, San Diego area Laotian interpreter. They were reviewed by Jerry Torgerson, Washington State certified Laotian interpreter. and Into Bo Champon, J.D., who practices law in the San Diego area.
This glossary was developed through a grant from the State Justice Institute. Points of view expressed here in are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the State Justice Institute.
Every attempt has been made to ensure the accuracy ofthe translations and definitions contained herein. No express or implied guarantees or warranties are made.
abstract (summary)
accessory. (assistant in a crime)
accomplice
accusation (formal written charge) ·
accuse
acquit
acquittal
adjudicate
adjudication (deciding case through judicial or administrative lieanng). '
admissible (acceptable; e.g., admissible evidence)
admission (disclosure of adverse facts)
., nn~u~m~u 'tum
., ,.,unn~u ~; ~u t ton
.... .... .., ., suttJum<m't].,u 'Cn
* I ., Thts word c!ln be spelled two w!lys, etther rJ or rJ. .. .
/
adoption (legal process of establishing parental relationship between adoptive parent and child born of other parents)
advisement of rights
affidavit
affidavit of prejudiCe (sworn statement alleging a potiential judge is biased)
agreement (two or more persons' mutual promises)
aid and abet
alimony
allegation (party's statement of fact the party intends to prove)
allege (asserted as a true fact)
amend (to revise a complaint or other legal document)
amendment (modification of document)
English - Lao Legal Glossary
• 'l n l'l"l'lJil'lJ:::'lJ"ll\'Jtltll
fi.,~mn"l'1Jt~'1Jii1"1U~nsn~a'1J~tst1Lt1Ul1"1'1J 1\f"lU"l'lJ
• .... n.... . .... .... • n"lsa~ma.,~~.,m~~.,l\1.,'1Ja"lau~
fi.,Ymn"l'Ul\1"1u"l'1J;.,~~.,nn.,'1J~.,au~
• .... ..... c:l .... n ... .... .... n"liilu ~ tJJ uma tl' ~mtl::: s .,~ n u tta~
-:. Rn.,~m.,
Page2
I I
I I I I
I i
answer (n.) (defendant's formal document setting out defense)
appeal (noun) (review of a case by a higher court)
appeal (verb) (to file a case in a higher court for review)
appearance in court (party's presence in court)
arbitration
argument (debate before the court)
arraign (to formally advise defendant of the charges at an initial court appearance)
arraignment
arrest (law enforcement taking of suspect into formal custody)
assignee
attest (to affirm under oath)
English - Lao Legal Glossary
• ri"U:'lSU
T1"11JSIDS1J •
• 2SIDS1J •
• Tl"l1Jn~~1JY~tnu1.lsn="l1J
• I .... ~ a I 0 1J"lU* ~s~rn"l~"lR1J="l1Jt~S~~~SU~"lU~
• n ~
u~nmru"lv
• c:l.•o ... rnauu~nmru"lv
. . ... This word c11n be spelled two w11ys, either r.J or u. .. .
Pag
attorney
attorney of record
authenticate
bail (security given for the release of a defendant pending trial)
bail bondsman
bail forfeiture
bail review
bailiff
bankruptcy
bench (judge or court)
English - Lao Legal Glossary
a lll::'U"lUfi:J"lJJ2S~ri::Cl
.., .... I ....
~· lltua::'Uu"lntl::n'UC'I:J~*na~rn.,~.,n~n .. ' ~ ~
( Cl"lJJU'UUC'I:~.,'U)
... n"l'UmUlll:J'U~"lU::n'U~:J, (n"l'U2a::~U"1Cltrn
' ~ ~ :i\1"1 'Ulil n rJ"ltl:: n'I.IC'I:J)
'
., ~
n!l'U<i!JJ'iil::a . .,u. ..
' ... *Th1 s word c11n be spelled two w11ys, either ~ or ~.
Page4
' I
I I bias
body attachment
bond (certificate of debt redeemable if defendant fails to appear in court)
booking number (arrest registration number)
breathalizer
bribe (noun)
bribe (verb)
brief (n.) (written synopsis of case)
burden of proof
calendar, court
capital punishment
case (criminal or civil lawsuit)
English - Lao Legal Glossary
' s~!~u~~~2s~s~~n~u
I Ll' .... .... .... 0 ~ ...
n~t.l~n1.1l'l~ (t.l~nur.~un~umrm.J) (ttamt.l ' t~u !ri'~~~~t~utiu~nCln~Yu=~u>
., . .... .... ... tiiln<il~Clutsmf~1.1"1Clt2~nn •
., l1~1.1y;~1.1U1.l,l1~1.1~;~~"15U55U
., tsn~:f~1.12S~n~RtCluu~
'I' no L!IIClU~'C'I~1.1!l~Cl
causation
certification of the truth
certified
chain of custody
challenge (verb) . . (to object to the qualifications of a potential juror)
challenge for cause
chambers (judge's office)
charge
child support
circumstances, aggravating
circumstances, mitigating
citation . (notation of legal authonty)
English - Lao Legal Glossary
.... .... ' !Je~,t'le~m'l,n'l;Jm'l
Page6
citation (official notice to appeM in court, especially in traffic court)
city attorney
civil action
claim (n) (legal demand)
claim (v.) ( to insist upon)
clerk (court official)
collateral (property pledged to secure a debt (e.g. bail))
commissioner
commit (to institutionalize)
commit (to'perpetrate a·crime) ... ·
commitment (consignment of person to amental hospital or a prison)
community property
English - Lao Legal Glossary
. ' uli~~~u~uu. ~~~~~mu~nnn~~~~~~ <l
~ n ~
csm.m:nmru':IE.H3~lln . ,_
Pag
competency (legal capacity to stand trial or a witness)
complaint (written statement initiating a criminal or civil action)
comply (to act as ordered or directed)
composite drawing
confession
confiscate (governmental seizure of property)
conflict of interest
constitutional right
contempt of court
continuance (re-scheduling a'legal· · ' proceeding for a later date)
controlled substance
\
English - Lao Legal Glossary
...... tsn::l\l"ltJ tJs~ss~
n • !JtJUSJJl'l::!fl"lL'l"lJJ
~
sutmJJ!.l::nsu "
~
l1"11J~"15::~"1U, l1"1UUSJJ5U
'.
PageS
convict (noun) (individual who has been found guilty and incarcerated.)
convict (verb) (to find a defendant guilty of a crime.)
conviction (finding of guilt in a criminal case)
coroner
corroborate
counsel (n.) (lawyer)
counsel ( v.) (to advise)
counsel table
count (noun) (numbered charge)
counter claim
county jail
English - Lao Legal Glossary
' ~~u~~~umin~~~~nn~~~~~~n~
. "' ~m.J:::'=l~UJS~ (County)
. ' ., This word cen be spelled two weys, either r.r or r.r. • •
court
court appointed counsel
court interpreter
court reporter
courtroom
court,dependency . (for adjudication of child abuse)
court, district
court, federal district
court, juvenile
court, municipal
court, night
English - Lao Legal Glossary
I I ::: ....
m~~~un~~~~~~~~~~~~~m
u~~mrl)
~ ~
:;j~~tu~~~~~
• • • c~ii'n;;eu~lle~~ti~n~~n~=u~>
. ~
* This word tlln be spelled two Wllys, either ~ or ~·
Page 10
court, superior
court, supreme
US Supreme Court
court, traffic
credibility
crime
criminal
criminal record
custody (care and control of children)
custody (incarceration)
damages . . ) (repayment for Joss or mJury
death penalty
English - Lao Legal Glossary
' •a.... .... ;3'1'1Jid~ (Uf121'1Jl11215rl) " .
' •n.... .... 13'1'1Jid~~rl (Uf121'1Jl11215rl) " . . 13'1'lJ~~~r~~a~s~~U'1'lJ21'1~ • •
13'1'lJ21'1'lJ"'~5'1"1S'lJ
' n ~ S'1~~U'121S'lJ, ~· ~rl21'lJUlJ'1US'1U'1
tJ~tn5rJS'1~~U'121S'lJ,
u~m5r~~a~~·~r~nnUlJ'1Ua'1u'1
n.n n... .... ..., 21'1'lJJJ~r~m~u~mtiilmn'lJau •
~ . 21'1'1Jf1JJ~~. 21'1'lJ"''1f121 • •
' "' • Th1s word c11n be spelled two w11ys, either ~ or ~·
Page
death row
decree (n.) (order, judgment)
default judgment
defendant
defense
defense attorney
deliberation (careful consideration, e.g. of jury)
deportation
deposition (oral statement given under oath)
deputyDA
detention (being retained in custody)
English - Lao Legal Glossary
I n_.., .., ("1.0 &I • .... .....
u a 1J !11!! ~ 1J n 't !11 t1 tJ::: rn rr 1J ~ =:~ Cl ~ =:~ Cil tJ rr =:~ 1J tJ::: rn rr 1J n.o !i;=:ICl
' nrr~Cl~1J!!S~=rr1J;nrr~~rrn=rr, nrr~~RS~
lifrr1J
' ' nrr~t1B1JY1Jtlla~rrt~uu~rr;~:::a "
' ' I'J* ~=:~u ~au:::n.,1J, "
' ., • This word Cfln be spelled two wflys, either I'J or I'J. " ..
Page 12
discovery (pretrial process to obtain facts from other side)
dismiss
dismissal (with prejudice)
dismisSl\1 (without prejudice)
disposition (final outcome of a criminal case)
dissolution (termination of a marriage, partnership, etc)
district attorney DA
diversion (order for criminal defendant to participate in alternative program)
divorce
docket (n)
domestic violence
English - Lao Legal Glossary
I~ nc:) .... I
n~u~~nu~uRn~~~~~~~m~=a~~~~m~.
'r~
' n~u~ni~nu~~a~~nn~u'r~
'ra~~n~u
' n~uu~u'tn~n~u e ~ s.-.., I I I
cn~~~Ymun'tmnu~u'tn~n~uu~~gu)
' ... n!lUU~S~~ ., ,
Page
double jeopardy
due process
enhancement (factor that increases criminal penalty)
enter a plea
entrapment
equal protection
eviction
evidence
evidence, circumstantial
evidence, direct
evidence, prima facie
English - Lao Legal Glossary
Page 14
English - Lao Legal Glossary
examination, cross
examination, direct 0 ~
n~~~n~~~lnu~~unu~n~
examination, re-cross
examination, re-direct
exhibit (object submitted as evidence)
exhibit, people's 0 0 0
rninq~'Urnat~s~;i~,m~~~ut "'n c~~u
s~u~~)
extradition
eyewitness
failure to comply
fair hearing
false imprisonment
0 ..
* This word c11n be spelled two w11ys, e1ther ~ or ~·
Page
felony
field sobriety test
file (noun)
file (verb)
fmancial responsibility
fmd guilty (verb)
finding
fine (court-imposed monetary assessment)
fingerprints
firearm
foreclosure
forfeit
English - Lao Legal Glossary
' .. U 'IJ tBJUI"l'IJ
..., n • n. n .., t'ltllif'IJ;]"lJJrl;]"lJJr.l'tltt!ll
.. iil"lUJJ
' n"l'IJ~n~n~~~'Ut~s~n~'IJ
Page 16
foster care
fraud
garnish (to issue process for purpose of attaching wages or money)
good cause
grand jury
grounds (reasons)
guardianship
guilty
habeas corpus
handcuffs (noun)
hearing (formal proceeding held before judge or administrative law judge)
English - Lao Legal Glossary
r-) · ~..... .... n r.l n r.1. ..., ...,,
liClm<ilnma., t~umCilt~'IJ mau (l!'r.il~"'.,nlm
In.- O I ('l ...,
fl ::: u ::: •m 2 u Y m ll !111.'1 Cl :&~u::~., .u mOil n 'tl., u r.J-~ ~ : . . .., • n. .... ....
"':::n., t'IJ u n., u tJ a ~ l n
n n JJfl::J.,JJtl'Cl
~ ('l.
TlU.U
* ' "' This word c11n be Sp1!11ed two w11ys, either t1 or tl'. ... .. Page
hearing, contested (hearing to contest a traffic ticket)
hearing, preliminary
hearsay
holding cell
illegal
immunity (exemption from a charge or penalty)
impeachment of witness
inadmissible
incriminate
indictment
indigent
English - Lao Legal Glossary
' ' R"l:Jttl""Jib cu:ii!"lJJ"lt1sun1umintJ"lu l~>
' ., ms~2~un~mt1l;t~sa~tJ:ii!"ltJll'l~~nulum"lnn
'
' "' muiH~t1l:lt:ii!mj~t.~""~uYn!iiJ~nunmru""Ju ~
..... ..... JV ....
n"lutst1Ymn"lYmn"ltJRB~fJ~ll"ltJ~t1n:J"lJJ
' u:ii!"lJJ"lt1llsJJsu Ym Y~u1umilntJ"ltJ, 3utiiu
Page 18
I
informant
information (formal charge)
infraction
injunction
inmate
innocent until proven guilty
intent (state of mind when performing an act)
investigation
jail
jQin (concur) . . . (to become a partiCipant m one side of a lawsuit)
judge
English - Lao Legal Glossary
' ' • ... • n • ... rJ* lila"lli~"11J, ="lll<ilUt1"1S;JtltnUCti1Jlf1"1~1 ..
fl:n •
' "' • This word c11n be spelled two w11ys, either ~ or ~-
Page
English - Lao Legal Glossary
judgment
jurisdiction
juror
juror, alternate
jury
jury box ' ~B1JiJ~RB~fl::1J::'i<il"121"11J, (fl:::1J::~m~1J)
jury foreman
jury trial
jury, hung n::1J::~<il"l21"11J~~"l~"l~~~~1Jt~1J-~~~~~n1J , ... ' .
juvenile
.... • This word tlln be spelled two w11ys, either ~ or ~·
Page20
English - Lao Legal Glossary
juvenile hall
kidnap ' ' ' n..... - .., n.r-l. .... ..., ~Tltl'11n.l, iiiTltl"''t'l:J, '"IUUl.ltt.IBt5'1f1'1 ~m
larceny ' ,.,ut'Ois~n~. ,.,u~n~t.1au2s~i· ~u
lawsuit
leading question
lease ' ' ' W~~iUll'1t~'1lfiJJn'1'11ilt1 (:ii:JU!l'liil"''li'OI~t
w~li~V"'':J)
liability
libel (noun) ' n Tl'1U~UU~~'1t1lt1liU1'1~2t12uU
lie detector
life imprisonment
line-up (noun)
' ... • This word cl5n be spelled two W15~s, either ~ or ~·
Page
litigation
malice (purposely committing a crime which will harm another)
malpractice
mental health
miranda warning
misdemeanor
mistrial
modification
motion (a petition for a ruling)
motion denied
English - Lao Legal Glossary
......... (:l.•n. n..., .... n~~~s~ss~m~n~~~~~~n~s~ss~
' ' ' ~;J~JJr3m1mru~us~u~litu;~u~~s~~~lltvm ' ~
~u~
(~;J~m.v~u~sun~~ G'l fJ)
' n n. • • ... n. n n~~T.J"l~s~~~~~nu~~~sntT.J~~JJn~~r.l'nT.J~n:
' •
' ~
' ... • This word czm be spelled two weys, either rJ or rJ.
'II •
Page22
motion granted
mug shot
negligence
not guilty
null and void
oath
object (verb)
objection
objection overruled
objection sustained
offense (violation of law)
English - Lao Legal Glossary
~ .., .... :n"Juu~:::JJns::::J~
.... ~ .. uJu 'tJJn:::Y,;:u 'rn
- . - .... ii\1:::1JU:i\11J1Jfl"l2t125~,
' .... ... .... ........ tl711Jt.J5JJ:r1Ufl'12t1R5~
' "' (ulil"lJJ'ltlr:leu 'tn)
Page
offender
offer of proof
order, court
ordinance
overrule
overt act
paralegal
parole
party (plaintiff [People, State, etc.] or defendant) (one who filed suit or is sued)
paternity
penalty
penalty asSessment
English - Lao Legal Glossary
• n ~ r.J * tHl:n C1 m.J '1 ll ..
. ~ ..... ..... nsu~.,, utm\Jt.JSJJ
• n .... ..,., . :n'11J:n::om'l tt\J;:J"m 1\l'lJJ., r1 tl!11J ~ ri~<J u 'J
• • rJ*~;:JUtn::\J'llJrl;:J'lJJ ..
• ~ . :n., mtl\J t.J
. ., • This word c11n be spelled two w11ys, either ~ or ~·
Page24
pending (nor yet decided)
penitentiary
people (prosecution)
permanent resident
personal (own) recogiuzance
petition (n.) (fonnal written request for an order)
petition (v.) (ask, request)
plaintiff
plea (defendant's "guilty" or "not guilty" answer to a criminal charge) '' ·
plea bargain
English - Lao Legal Glossary
' n:nYmu, n:n • •
' ( VJ:::\J"lUil;J"l.llr.l"lV ••• )
. ..... . .... . .:... il"lSB~RYmBB:rlil<'J~~
... . SB~R
' ... • Th1 s word c11n be spelled two w11ys, e1 ther eJ or eJ. .. .
Page
English - Lao Legal Glossary
pleadings (documents filed in a case)
points and authorities "' n~t~uu~t~~~~uanan=s~l~us~~t~~Rn~
polygraph
postponement
peremptory challenge
pre-sentence report
prejudice (bias or preconceived opinion)
preponderance of the evidence ., ' mant'I~~~;J~tna~ut2~m~~Y~m~~{l~
presumption of innocence
pretrial conference I ~ ~ 1 U
n~~~~~5~~~n~nuu~m;Juu~=~~ns~n~~~
priorable offense
Page26
priors
prison
privilege (immunity against compulsory disclosure, eg. privilege against self incriminatioil, attorney client privilege, etc)
proper prose
probable cause
probation . , (suspension of defeml~~t s sentence under supervlSlon of probation officer)
probation department
probation officer
probation, formal. ,
probation, summary
English - Lao Legal Glossary
n 9 n n :J"lJJrJ th us:::m1
nn •
~ .., ~
ttlll1Jt11Jt5~, Cl:Jllt11Jt5~
.... n..., -mn::: nn ovnu ts~ "'
., An ., ms~n"l1JFI:JUFIJJC1t~~nn"l1J25~1Jn . "'
' ~· nu~~Hn"lues~~nlmn~~n~"lnlmn .. .
' .., • This word c11n be spelled two w11ys, either ~ or ~·
Page
proof (evidence convincing to the judge or jury)
prosecution
prosecutor
public defender (PD)
reasonable doubt, beyond a
rebuttal
regulation
release of information
relinquishment (giving up a right)
remand (to send a'persbn back iiltcf ' custody) (to send a case back to a lower court or administrative hearings office)
remedy (n.) (legal compensation for a wrong)
English - Lao Legal Glossary
• n na.- .., :n.,lJtl.,tlJlJrt:::m.Js~sa~
• n. n..,. .., lsu::::n.,lJtl.,tlJl.Jrt:::tl~S~SS~
~ ~
:nt~s:::u[iu, rnil:n:n.,lJ
' ";' :n.,lJUSU£rt;).,JJSS:rl
' ' iJ.,if~~~ilu 'Cuti2.,rt:n; ·- ". · . I I ....... " 1 1
~~n:::a~ttJ~lJ~.,lJsmslJ~lJlu~.,lJtn.,c~s •
Page28
report (n.) (fonnal account of facts or
. information)
report (v.) (to state)
respondent
restitution
restraining order
revoke
rights, constitutional
rule (to decide)
search and seizure
sentence ( n.) (court's punishment)
sentence, concurrent
English - Lao Legal Glossary
I .... I e ....
r.J* tt:n (r.Jt'l:i3Ufl"l25:i3~"1"l:r1~"11J), .. . ~"l,~u ('t'uuOJ~sn)
I I u fol, ... I I
:nOJ1J"''1Vfl"l':\lurn"lufl1J?rn, fl"ln:autttll1Jfl"l
- n. flA. _ ...
u:n";m, unflil, aua"J~
' ., • This word c11n be spelled two w11ys, either r.J or r.J. .. .
Page
English - Lao Legal Glossary
sentence, consecutive
sentence, suspended
sentencing
separation T1.,1Htufl
serve a sentence 0 mmn •
' settlement ,.,'l.u:1na~~urd~'ttlull;.l~t'lauctm1J
sheriff
statement, closing
statement, opening
statute
statute of limitation
statutory rape
' "' • Th1s word c11n be spelled two WII}'S, e1ther ~ or ~·
Page30
stay (n.) (a delay or cessation) (v.) (to put off or block)
stipulate
straight time
submit (present, e.g. present evidence to the court)
subpoena
sue
suit
sustain
swear (to declare under oath)
testify
testimony
time served
English - Lao Legal Glossary
.... n.. tmtJLltJ"l
n • .., • ... tm unmt'lJJt'l"lJJ21"l'ln.lrl
. .. .. n"1Ymn"ltJ,21"1tJYmn"ltJ
Page
tort
traffic citation
transcript
trial
trial, court I bench
trial, jW)'
trial, speedy
unconstitutional
undercover
unemployment
English - Lao Legal Glossary
' n n n .... fl. ,., 'lJ a:::: tJ.m :l t1 Vli!i!S ~ fl 'lJ s 'lJ
. ..... (:)
fi.,U'l.J Vll1
n 1\l'l.J
n l\l'U
' "' • This word czm be spelled two wl!ys, either ~ or ~-
Page32
unlawful detainer
vacate (v.) (to cancel)
venue
verdict
victim
violation
visitation (right of parent to visit with children)
voir dire
waive rights
waive time
waiver of rights
English - Lao Legal Glossary
' n~~uua~~au~~~~ma~~~n~~i~u~
' ' n. no .., n n. n eaute~tns~~~snsur.rm;:au, S::t)~~tnm
tmn,
' ~~~~u~u~~ c~~ea~~m~a~lm~u~u~~
' "" • Th1 s word can be spelled two w11ys, e1 ther r.r or r.r. .. .
warrant (order, pennit)
warrant, arrest
warrant, bench
warrant, search
weapon
weapon, concealed
weapon, deadly
weight of the evidence
witness (noun)
witness stand
witness, defense
English - Lao Legal Glossary
' . ~ 'IW"lll m"l::, il"llil~
... 1 I I
UlJ"lllfllJ=:l~ 'fCl~~{l~
S"l;JCl '
' '"" t.J::ll"l'UrJ"lllrJL'ls~m., 'II
' ... • This word c11n be spelled two w11~s, either ~ or ~·
Page34
English - Lao Legal Glossary
witness, expert
witness, hostile I I at I
~~u~~~;n~~u,2~M~~~~u~~~ . "' cm~~~Ufl:J~~~n~~~u:uuu:~~~~ ln)
witness, material
witness, prosecution ' 1'1~ ~~u~~~~ulau~n~~mas~u~~
work furlough
work release
writ ' .., n .... n~~~~~n~~~Ymu~nun~~~
' "' • This word Clln be spelled two WII)IS, either ~ or ~·
Page
arson
assault
assault, aggravated
assault, with a deadly weapon
auto tampering
battery
battery, spousal
bookmaking
brandishing a weapon
breaking and entering
English - Lao Legal Glossary CRIMES
. . AI' • AI' I ..., A
n~un~Y~~~~~s~us~~n~u~usu n ' ~
n~u~~~~ (nu~num~m~u)
tt3~
• •
n~u~~y~~~m~~~u~~~n~u2u~u~~us~~~~ =:!~~~~;~ilu'C~
• •
n~u~s~~~~n~uilu~u~~uu'C~sus~~u~~ • • .... r-1
n~u~~a~us~~n~u~usu
('1. .... r-1. .... n~umJJ0ma[J'~
"' n~umu.ii'~~a<il~t2~ 'Cthn~~Yufln
Page36
burglary
child molestation
conspiracy
contempt of court
counterfeiting
disorder! y conduct
disturbing the peace
driving while intoxicated
drunk driving
embezzlement
extortion
English - Lao Legal Glossary CRIMES
.... ... • 0
n~~int2~Hnlnull~nu~~~~~n~m~un~
B~U~
~
nmru~u
' n~u.nl~u~JJ~n;:f~~
I I I 1
n~~UBJJt~~mia~~~~'Jlfin~~
' A n.n n~~u~LJmnuns~uuu
n ~ ~
n~~uuu~~u
' "" • Thts word Clln be spelled two WII)IS, etther ~ or ~·
Page
. failure to appear (FTA)
forgery
gambling
glue sniffing
grand theft
hit and run
homicide
incest
indecent exposure
joyridilig' ' I •
kidnapping
English - Lao Legal Glossary CRIMES
I .... A.., 21.,'1J3::JJJttlt121UtJ'IJS~
., ~ ~
"1., 21 rJ '1.1 '1.1 '1.1)
Page38
larceny
lewd conduct
libel
loitering
lynching
malicious mischief
manslaughter
manslaughter, involuntary
manslaughter, voluntary
mayhem
English - Lao Legal Glossary CRIMES
' n~~t~s~n~. n~~~n~~~~2a~~· g~
' ... n~~;~il~ tnuu'Cnn~ Y~m;C~t'l~~
• • n~~;~il~Y~cfian~m~annnuu~ucu~v~
' . ..,.. - A ., • n~~2~fl~Y~c~aY~s~llmiil~lltClil~u=~~
ilun\I'Cn·"·
. ' n~~m~s~vs~~n~u
' ... • Th1s word cen be spelled two weys, either ~ or ~·
Page
murder
oral copulation, forced
pandering
perjury
petty theft
pimping
possession of drugs (cocaine, heroin)
prostitution
rape
rape in concert
rape, statutory
English - Lao Legal Glossary CRIMES
u~fi'uts"ls:: l ::~v::::d~u iJ1J Y~tJ"ln
~ JJ tt.Jrl 111 "l~tJ"ln
0 I .... I a 0
11"11JS:JJJtt.JC111Ur.l'* Ut'rj~1l:::lo1J •
0 ....
• This word cen be spelled two weys, either ~ or ~·
Page40
reckless driving
robbery
sexual molestation
shoplifting
slander
sodomy
theft
theft, grand
theft, petty
trespassing
vagrancy
English - Lao Legal Glossary CRIMES
' .... - . -2U51:1US:::;J~
... ... ~
21"11Jtl1J, 21"11J"' '
.., n .., ... :n"l1Jtsnn;~"l.ur.mm:n1Jaum.,~tt.JI:l
' :n"l1Jnil1Ju:::.u"lnlnu;~.,"'.,
' ... *This word tlln be spelled two Wllys, either ~ or ~-
Page
vandalism
English - Lao Legal Glossary CRIMES
Page42
English - Lao Legal Glossary
Bibliography
Black's Law Dictionary, West Publishing Company, (6th ed. 1990) (Available In law school bookstores and law libraries)
Burton, Legal Thesaurus, Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. (2nd ed. 1992) (Available In law school bookstores and law libraries)
Gonzalez, Vasquez, and MikkelSon, Fundamentals of Court Interpretation, Carolina Academic Press (1991) (For availability Information, •call Carolina Academic Press at (919) 489-7486
Kerr, Allen D., Lao-English Dictionary, The Catholic University of America Press, (2 volumes 1972) (Available from: University Microfilms International, 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106, (800) 521-0600, (313) 761-4700) cost Is about $300.00 for both volumes
Onmanisone, Dr. ThongKham, Lao Language Dictionary, The Toyota Foundation, (1992) (Available from bookstores In Vientiane, Laos)
1 . n • .., r\. - n (:a:auJJ::ulil:au, ns. m:a~nrr, =:!Cl-=1 ~'IJ'l'IJ21JJ t.J'l='l iil'l=:l, ~m.JJJ 'tm.J , r-l • nn b• mu:au::~rr2:a~JJ1J1Jtn't~'t~~rruu~mww~) • • •
Soukbandith, Bounmy, Modem English-Lao; Lao-English Dictionary, KNI Incorporated, (1983) (Available from: Kongsent Soukbandlth, PO Box 40021, San Diego, CA 92164, (619) 464-
'3582)_
Note: Lao dictionaries are scarce and difficult to find All the Lao dictionaries we could fmd are listed Interpreters aie cautioned to cross-reference and research terms listed in the above dictionaries.
Page
OFFICE OPTHE ADMHVISTR4WR mP THFCQUR1S MARY CAMPBELL McQUEEN -.tor
STATE OF WASHINGTON /206 5. ()r,iac< -/Ohil S, EZ-11 ()l_mrpa. WA 91504 (206) 15J.JJ6J FAX, (1116) JI6.IU9
Copyright© 1994 State ofWashington Office of the Administrator for the Couns
. GLOSSARY OF SELECTED LEGAL TERMS
ENGLISH-VIETNAMESE
State Justice Institute
1650 Kiaa 5lnet. Saile 6110. 41" ' W. Viqinia 22314 ('703) 6&WIIOO
Dlstr1buted by ACEBO 0 P.O. Box 7485 0 Spreckels. CA 93962 0 (408) 455-1507 0 FAX: (408) 455-1541
INTRODUCTION
During the past decade, thousands of Asian immigrants have appeared in American state courts as civil and criminal litigants. Interpreters, who breach the language gap between judge and litigant, are required by law and fairness to interpret all English spoken in court into the immigrant's language. However, while interpreters are held to the standard of interpreting legal terms accurately and completely, few bilingual legal resources exist. To begin to address the need for accurate bilingual equivalents for English legal terms, a proposal was submitted to the State Justice Institute for the development of basic bilingual legal glossaries in Cantonese, Laotian, Khmer (Cambodian), Korean, and Vietnamese. These languages are spoken by a large number of individuals living in a wide range of states.
This bilingual English-Vietnamese glossary is designed to be used as a working document for English-Vietnamese court interpreters. Since for the most part interpreters interpret English legal words into Vietnamese, the English terms are listed first. The body of the glossary consists of approximately 450 words, which were selected as representatives of frequently used legal terms in state courts. This list is by no means exhaustive; court interpreters use many other legal terms as well.
Each word is translated into its equivalent in Vietnamese. The equivalent word or words given are, in the authors' opinions, the best interpretation of the English legal word. This word or 'short phrase interpretations convey the English word's meaning, and are meant to be used by interpreters when serving in legal proceedings.
In addition, some English words are defined in English because they have more .than one English meaning. The English definitions, statements describing one or more meanings of the word, appear in parenthesis beside the English words. Readers are cautioned that many legal terms have alternate meanings. Interpreters must use great care to use the appropriate Vietnamese alternate equivalent for an alternate English meaning. Also, interpreters. are cautioned that a handful of legal words used regionally in some states appear in the glossary. If a word sounds quite unfamiliar, interpreters should check with other interpreters or attorneys;
Some Vietnamese interpretations are followed by explanations in Vietnamese. These were added because the authors felt readers would benefit from brief descriptions of more unusual terms. At the end of the glossary, a bibliography outlines resources used in creating the glossary, and also other resources which may be useful to interpreters. Every court interpreter should utilize several dictionaries. An essential part of the interpreter's job
is to continuously look up word meanings in both languages.
This glossary is meant to serve as a foundation for the development of individual bilingual legal glossaries by Vietnamese interpreters. The words are widely spaced to allow for the.inclusion of usage notes and other comments. Interpreters are strongly encouraged to elaborate on the definition (as opposed to the equivalent, which is the translation of each term, a definition is a statement of the meaning(s) of the word or phrase), of each word in Vietnamese and English, to make up a sentence using the term, and to include other pertinent information. Binder paper can be added at the end of the glossary for the addition of other important legal terms. For an excellent discussion of the development of an interpreter's glossary, see Gonzalez, Vasquez, and Mikkelson, Fundamentals of Court Interpretation, Carolina Academic Press 456 (1991).
This project was produced through the efforts of several people. The word list was compiled by Joanne Moore, J.D., manager of the Washington State Court Interpreters Certification Program, Office of the Administrator for the Courts, and by Gregg Miller, certified interpreter and interpreting educator in Los Angeles County, California. The Vietnamese equivalents were written by Luan Tran, California certified Vietnamese interpreter, and Bich Ngo, California certified interpreter. The glossary.was reviewed by Angelique Nguyen Wiegand, Washington state certified interpreter and law student, and by Dr. Tai Van Ta, Harvard Law School.
This glossary was developed through a grant from the State Justice Institute. .Points of view expressed here in are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the State Justice Institute.
Every attempt has been made to ensure the accuracy of the translations and definitions contained herein. No express or implied guarantees or warranties are made.
ABSTRACT: (Summar"y)
ACCESSORY: (Assistant in a cr"ime)
ACCOMPLICE:
ACCUSATION: (Pol:"mal Wr"itten char"ge)
ACCUSE:
ACQUIT:
ACQUITTAL:
ADJUDICATE:
ADJUDICATION: (Deciding case judicial 01:"
administl:"ative
ADMISSIBLE:
thr"ough
headng)
(Acceptable,e.g. admissible evidence)
TONG PH~M
(Ngudi giup d6, tham gia hay du phan vd'i tu each phu thuoc tl:"ong . . mot vu pham phap) . . .
KE TONG PH~M; NGtidi DONG LOA
KHCh •' L~NH TO TR~NG
. ' ~
CAO GIAC, CAO Buqc
.• THA BONG
·' SU THA BONG
, PHAN XII
s~ PHAN ,
xtf
' .? ·' NHtN &tfdc co THE CHAP
I I I I I
ADMISSION: l.(Disclosure of facts adverse to one's case)
2.(Acceptance into evidence)
ADOPTION: (Legal process of establishing parental relationship between adoptive parent and child born of other parent)
ADVISEMENT OP RIGHTS:
AFFIDAVIT:
AFFIDAVIT OP PREJUDICE: (Sworn statement alleging a potential judge is biased)
AGREEMENT: (Two 01' more persons mutual promises)
AID AND ABET:
ALIMONY:
ALLEGATION: (Party's statement of fact the party intends to prove)
-2-
stf L~P coN NUOI
su' THONG TRI QUYEN (cu.A BI CAN)
Td KHAI Htfu THE
• A .. mill-n TRINH NGUY~~ XIN HOI T-r (bai
thi'm ph an vi ly do thanh kie'n)
HdP ..
Kio DONG: GIAO
•' VA Xth TIEP TAY DUC .
• ~· Dtf<iNG ~· ,r TIEN CAP CHO NGtfdi PHOI NGAU
~ . .. Stf VIEN LY: VIEN LE
ALLEGE:
AMEND: (To revise a complaint or other legal document)
AMENDMENT: (Modification of document)
ANSWER: (Defendant's formal document setting out defense in a civil case)
APPEAL (n) : (Review of a case by a higher court)
APPEAL (v): · (To file a case in a higher court for review)
APPEARANCE: (Party's presence in court)
ARBITRATION:
ARGUMENT: (Debate before the court)
ARRAIGNMENT:
-3-
A I
CHO LA; VIEN LY
TU CHINH, sdA ooi M9T BAN VAN PHAP L'i
' SV TU CHINH; TU CHINH AN
BAN KHANG BIEN
su KHANG CAO; su CH6NG AN
' , ,.. KHANG CAO; CHONG AN
SV RA HKU TOA; XUKT DINH
. SU TRO~G PHAN xu
' PHAN; SU LAM TRONG TAl
LY LE; LAP LUAN; LUAN cu I
. THONG BAO TOI DANH
ARRAIGN: (To formally advise defendant of the charge at an initial court appearance)
ARREST: (Law enforcement taking of suspect into formal custody)
ASSIGNEE:
. ATTEST: (To affirm under oath)
ATTORNEY:
ATTORNEY OP RECORD:
AUTHENTICATE:
BAIL:
BAI BONDSMAN:
BAIL PORPI!ITURE:
BAIL REVIEW:
-4-
THONG BAO TOI DANH
NGtich , NHI~M; NGtich
• olfdc UY Du'dc UY
QUYEN '
CHtfNG NH~N; NHAN TH~C; I
. I
CHUNG THUC
LUAT stf; TR.,.NG su'
CHUNG THl[C
NGti6I BAN TRAI PHIBU TIEN THE' CHAN
T~CH THU TIEN TH~ CHAN
I ... "''
SU XET L~I TIEN THE CHAN
BAILIPP;
BANKRUPCY:
BENCH: (Judge or court)
BIAS;
. BODY ATTACHMENT:
BOND: (Certificate of debt" redeemable if defendant fails to appear in court)
BOOKING NUMBER:
BREATHALIZER:
BRIBE:
BRIEF: (Written synopsis of case)
-s-
• CANH LAI
• PHA SAN
' ·' THIEN KI~N; THANH KIEN
cAu Luu NHAN cHJNc (Trat da'"n b4't mot ngudi la bi can vr kh6ng tuin doi ~ua toll)
khong phai hanh trat
s6 Hri so NGHI CAN d sd CANH SAT
("Booking" la mot thu tuc gam vi~c la'y ten ho, chup · hinh, li'in tay nghi can sau khi bl ba't va giJ tsi so' C~nh S't) . .
MAY Do Hdi Rtfdu
• • LY DOAN
(B~n t~.inh ~ay tru6c toa cu~ luat su tom tat cac su ki~n. ditm phip ly va luan cu' dua. ra v~ m~t vu ki~n)
BURDEN OF PROOF:
.CALENDAR, COURT:
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT:
CASE: (Criminal or civil lawsuit)
CAUSATION:
CERTIFIED:
CHAIN OP CUSTODY:
CHALLENGE: (To object to the qualifications of a potential juror)
CHALLENGE FOR CAUSE:
CHAMBERS: (Judge's office)
CHARGE:
CHILD SUPPORT:
-6-
GANH NANG DlN CHUNG
LICH DANG DlldNG
. ' . TU HINH; AN TU HINH
' • DAN sli vu AN; vu KI!!N .
. . • LIEN QUAN NHAN QUA
• • PHAN DOl (cu; mot ben v~ viec lua chon mot b~i thim vien)
PHONG LAM VIBC CUA CHANH AN
' stt CAO BUOC
11'1 ""' I
SU CAP DUONG CON CAl
i
CIRCUMSTANCES, AGGRAVATING:
CIRCUMSTANCES, MITIGATING:
CITATION: !.(Official notice to appear in court, especially in traffic court)
2.(Notation of legal authority)
CITY ATTORNEY:
CIVIL ACTION:
CLAIM l.(n: A legal demand)
2.(v:To insist upon)
CLERK:
COLLATERAL : l.(n:Property pledged to secure a debt)
2.(adj:Supplementary and additional)
COMMISSIONER:
-7-
,._1 I " GIAY BAO GOI RA TOA (thubng la.toa luu thong)
VIBN DAN ' ~ . ' ' CAC VAN BAN PHAP LY
' LUAT sti f>AI DI~N CHO THANH PHO
' . TO TUNG DAN Sl,l; vu KI~N
.. VE DAN su
su DOl, YBU SACH; su DOl Bbl THUdNG
DOl BbJ THU6NG; DOl XAC NHAN QUYBN
THU KY TOA; LUC sv
• • • TAI SAN BAO DAM CHO MON NO
co TINH CACH PHU A
THUOC
, . UY VIEN
COMMIT: l.(To perpetrate, e.g. a crime)
2.(To institutionalize, e.g. a mental hospital)
.COMMITMENT: (Consignment to an institution)
COMMUNITY PROPERTY:
COMPETENCY:
COMPLAINT: (Written statemnent initiating a criminal or civil action)
COMPLY: (To act as directed or ordered)
COMPOSITE DRAWING:
CONFESSION:
CONFISCATE: (Governmental seizure of property)
-8-
PRAM TQI
GIAO PHi CHO MOT co QUAN (nhd dddng tri"viin)
' ·' AN LENH TONG GIAM
TAl SAN CONG DONG
• TINH TRANG DU NANG L~C
' I
s~ ,Tci s.6.o .i DON KHOI TO; KHOI TO LENH TRANG
TUAN HANH
' •' BUC CHAN DUNG TONG HqP
(Trong muc dich nhan dang thu ph~m, nguoi t~ thu6ng · cho.ve chan dung . "' . . , .. , cua mot ngh1 can can cd vao cac chi
o • I
tiE!t do cac nhan chdng du'a ra)
TICH THU
CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT:
CONTEMPT OF COURT:
CONTINUANCE: (rescheduling a legal proceeding for a later date)
CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE:
CONVICT : l.(n:Individual who has been found guilty and incarcerated)
2.(v:To find defendant guity of a crime)
CONVICTION: (Finding of guilt in a criminal case)
CORONER:
CORROBORATE:
-9-
QUYEN TUONG •
TU ~· ,.,
LOI PHAN; THE BAT H9P
.- . '· QUYEN HIEN tliNH
(Quyen do Hii'n Phap b8o d~m cho :. mot ngt10i din dl tranh sl! xam nh~p
. cua
co quan tu phap)
TOI KHINH MAN HAY COl THU6NG TOA
' HOAN L~I; DOl NGAY xu
~· Db QUOC elM (~ht1~ng ncii v~ ma tui)
1 KET AN
rJ _, '
S. KET AN
COUNSEL : l.(v:To advise)
2.(n:Lawyer)
COUNSEL TABLE:
COUNT: (Numbered charge)
COUNTERCLAIM:
COUNTY JAIL:
COURT:
COURT, DEPENDENCY:
COURT, DISTRICT:
COURT, JUVENILE:
COURT, MUNICIPAL:
COURT, NIGHT:
COURT, SUPERIOR:
-10-
cO vKN LUAT su
BAN LU~T stl
·' i>IEM BU('ic T~I
stJ PHAN T~
LAO XA QU~N (hay h~t)
TOA: TOA AN
' .. TOA GIAM HO THIEU NHI
TOA AN KHU vue
TOA AN THI~U NHI
' ·' TOA AN THI XA, THANH PHO
TOA t>EM
.. TOA CAO CAP
COURT, TRAFFIC:
COURT-APPOINTED COUNSEL:
COURT INTERPRETER:
COURT REPORTER:
.COURTROOM:
CREDIBILITY:
CRIME:
CRIMINAL:
CRIMINAL RECORD:
CUSTODY: !.(Incarceration)
2.(Care and control of children)
DAMAGE: (Repayment for loss or injury)
-11-
TOA AN LUU THONG
• LUAT SU DO TOA CHI DINH
•' I TOC KY VIEN TOA AN
• PHONG XU
. ' TINH CACH KHA TIN
HINH SU· THU6C v! HINH SU ..
Hq so HiN~ su; HB s6 AN TICH LY L~CH HINH S~
SU GIAM Giij
GIN GIJ TRE EM
DEATH PENALTY:
DEATH ROW:
DECREE: (Order,judgment)
DEFAULT JUDGMENT:
DEFENDANT:
DEFENSE: 1. (The defendant and the defense attorney)
2.(Evidence offered by an accused to defeat a criminal charge)
DEFENSE ATTORNEY:
DELIBERATION: (Careful consideration, e.g. of a jury)
DEPORTATION:
DEPOSITION: (Oral statement given under oath)
DEPUTY D .A.:
-12-
• Ndi GIAM CAC TU TOI
• • • AN LBNH; BAN AN
. ~
AN KHUYET T~CH
BI CAO; BI CAN; BI ~6N (trong cac vu dan st!)
BEN BI CAN
sti BIEN Hq
LUAT sti BIEN n?
stf.BAN - . • BO.I ·' CAl; NGH~ AN CUA THAM llOAN
stf _,
TRUC XUAT
Ldi CUNG KHAI HtlU THE·
' . FHO BIEN LY
DETENTION: (Being in custody)
DISCOVERY: (Pretrial process to obtain facts from other side)
DISMISS:
DISMISSAL (WITH PREJUDICE)
DISMISSAL : (WITHOUT PREJUDICE)
DISPOSITION: (Pinal outcome of a criminal case)
DISSOLUTION: (Termination of a marriage, partnership,etc ••• )
DISTRICT ATTORNEY:
DIVERSION: (Alternative program which may result · in dismissal of charges)
-13-
TINH TR~NG B! GIAM GIJ
CA~ THU TUC KHAM PHA BiNG CHtlNG
BAI BO
BAI BO ' •' (KH6NG co QUYEN q.I)
~ ' ' . -BAI BO (VOl QUYEN BUA RA
sq TIEU HUY; s~ GIAI TIEU ( khe' tide, ccS"ng ty vv •..
• BEM RA xll
• xu L~I)
(M8t he tha'ng du9c t&' chd'c gin d~y trong do bi can trong esc vu hinh . ' . s~ du~c giao cho esc cd quan c8ng d&ng qu&n ly trong khi cac thti tuc
~ ~ ~ truy to dude tam dinh chi.
I •t • I ' Bi can ·co th€ dU6c huin nghG, co viln hay giao dqc ~dnh dnh. Ni!u bi can hoin tl~ dA~ dd chddng trlnh ·
DIVORCE:
DOCKET:
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE:
DOUBLE JEOPARDY:
DUE PROCESS OF LAW:
ENHANCEMENT: (Factor that increases criminal penalty)
ENTER A PLEA:
ENTRAPMENT:
EQUAL PROTECTION:
EVICTION:
EVIDENCE:
-14-
a'y trong thdi gian cho phep thi se duc;lc mie'n to)
LY DI
S~ BAO HANH TRONG GIA ~INH
·' ' .-VE HIEM TAl B! xu HAl LAN CUNG MqT
TOI
' ' NGUYEN .. .
BANG VO xu DUNG TAC CONG VA Tl.l
-· TO ' YEU GIA TRC?NG
.· KHAI VE TOI TRANG
xur DUC PH~M TQI; s~ GAI BAY
su' TRUXT Htiu; Klich NHA
~' " S~ B! TONG XUAT RA
BXNG CHUNG; TANG CHdNG
EVIDENCE, CIRCUMSTANCIAL:
EVIDENCE, DIRECT:
EVIDENCE, PRIMAE FACIE:
EXAMINATION, CROSS:
EXAMINATION, DIRECT:
EXAMINATION, RE-CROSS:
EXAMINATION, RE-DIRECT:
EXHIBIT: (Object submitted as evidence)
EXHIBIT, PEOPLE'S:
EXHIBIT, STATE'S:
EXTRADITION:
-15-
BANG ct_ufNG SUY DrEN
GIAN ·' TIEP;
BANG CHJNG HiiN NHIEN
TRUC VlN
' _, TAl VAN
I ,:
TAI TRt/C VAN
I '
CHUNG TICH
BANG CHUNG
CHJNG TiCH Ta· VIEN)
• CUA NHAN DAN (HAY CONG
cutJNc TicH • CUA NHAN DAN
~
DAN DO
(Th~ t~c theo do mot tie~ bang bay quo'c gia trao tra mat ngu'di dang
EYEWITNESS:
FAILURE TO COMPLY:
PAIR HEARING:
FALSE IMPRISONMENT:
FELONY:
FIELD SOBRIETY TEST:
PILE (n):
PILE (v):
FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY:
FIND GUILTY (v):
-16-
bi truy ta hay kit an vi mat toi ph ... m ngoai lanh tho· tiiu. bang hay quo'c gia do cho mot tiiu bang hay mot quoc gia khac ndi toi ph ... m xay r~)
' .. ' •' NHAN CHUNG THAY T~N MAT
.. ' 'P ~ ...
TRAC NGHI~M MUC TINH TAO TAI CHO
HO SO
NQP, DB NAP (h~ so, don)
TRACH NHIEM TAI CHANH
PHAN co TOI; TUYEN BO co TOI
FINDING:
PINE: (Court-imposed monetary assessment)
FINGERPRINT:
FIREARM:
FORECLOSURE:
FORFEIT:
POSTER CARE:
FRAUD:
GARNISH: (To issue legal process for purpose of attaching wages or money)
GOOD CAUSE:
GRAND JURY:
-17-
•' DAU TAY
. SUNG
TICH BIEN; T~CH THU
THU ( tie'n ky ~ tieD the' TICH quy, . .
chan vv ... )
slf NUOI ~ • ,
NGOAI DUONG TRE NHO GIA DINH
slf GIAN LAN
' • ,-SAl AP LlfdNG BONG HAY TIEN BAC
' ' LY DO CHINH DANG
(Co nhiem v~ xem xet nhung s~ ki~n
GROUNDS: (Reasons)
GUARDIANSHIP:
GUILTY:
HABEAS CORPUS:
HANDCUFFS:
HARASSMENT:
HEARING: (Formal proceeding held before judge or administrative law judge)
HEARING, CONTESTED:
HEARING, PRELIMINARY:
-18-
' ' , vi cao buoc cua Cong To daa ra de xac dinh "co du bfng chang d~· truy to" va. dtia bi can ra xet xJ. Goi la "4ai" vi ~o' ltidng bCfi tha,m· vi en (thtidng la 23) nhieu hon"tHu" bo·i tha"m doan)
' LY DO
' co T(?I
' .
CAU THUC THAN THE
• (M~t thu tuc cU ' . xet bi can co bi giam gi.I du~g luat_khong)
CAl CONG TAY
PHIBN TOA
(M9t phien toa th~ ly su tranh cua m~t c~ nhan v~· cao tr~ng)
... .. ,.l
PHIEN TOA Sd VAN
-· ca~
(Mot phien toa do mot chanh ~n ngoi
HEARSAY:
HOLDING CELL:
ILLEGAL:
IMMUNITY: (Exemption from a charge .or penalty)
IMPEACHMENT OF WITNESS:
INADMISSIBLE:
INCRIMINATE:
INDICTMENT:
INDIGENT:
INFORMANT: ·
-19-
xJ d~ quy~t dinh xem co chd~g di dd~ b~ can hinh xet xd)
, NGHE NOI L~I
.
du ba-ng len toa dai
CHO TAM GIAM cud GIAI TOA
·' BAT HOP PHAP
~
QUYBN n.4:c MIEN
DI NGHI KHA TIN cuA NHAN cHJNG . . ( Thu6ng du'dc dda ra de• ph an d~i mot nh§n chd~g· khi nhdng ld1 khai cua ngubi nay dd9c chdng minh la khong dang tin c~y)
. ' KHoNG THE cHAP NHAN ~u~c
BUOC T~I. QUY TOI
. CONG .TO <~>a i BcH
TRANG; BAN Thijm llo"a n)
NGHEO KHO
... .. ' .... I>IEM CHI VIEN
cAO TRANG (cu;
INFORMATION:
INJUNCTION:
INMATE:
INNOCENT UNTIL PROVEN GUILTY
INTENT: (State of mind when performing an act)
INVESTIGATION:
JAIL:
JOIN: (To concur)
JUDGE:
JUDGMENT:
JURIDICTION:
JUROR:
-20-
TU NHAN
' ~UQy COl LA VO TOI CHO ~EN KHI 81 CHUNG MINH LA CO.TQI
.-sll DIEU TRA
NHA GIAM; LAO XA
DONG v: PHU Ho~ vdl
CHANH AN; QUAN TOA
• • BAN AN
JUROR, ALTERNATE:
JURY:
JURY, HUNG:
JURY BOX:
JURY FOREMAN:
JURY TRIAL:
JUVENILE:
JUVENILE HALL:
LAWSUIT:
LEADING QUESTION:
LEASE:
LIABILITY:
-21-
... ..... ...' BOI THAM VIBN D~ KHUYET
BO-I THiM BOAN KHONG NHAT TRI (Be' ta'c)
THIEU NHI
-· TOA THIEU NHI
CAU ,
GOI ' HOI y
• ' lfoc THUE DAI H~N; KHE THUE DAI
' • (DAN TRACH NHIEM slf)
HAN
LIE DETECTOR:
LIFE IMPRISONMENT:
LINE-UP:
LITIGATION:
MALICE:
MALPRACTICE:
MATERIAL WITNESS:
MATERIAL EVIDENCE:
MENTAL HEALTH:
MIRANDA WARNING:
-22-
TU CHUNG THAN
X~P HANG CAC NGHI CAN (di nhan di~n)
~
TRANH TVNG; KI~N TUNG
, ' "'' . AC Y; CO Y
sd x.ui:r vf NGHf NGHI~P: c.Au THA VENGHE NGHIEP
' NHAN CHUNG QUAN TRONG
.. BANG CHUNG QUAN TRqNG
Ldi CANH GIAC vf·QuvfN cuA NGHI CAN
(Dua tren phan quyit cu-' To'i Cao Ph~p Vien Hoa Ky trong an 1a Miranda 1966, tru6c khi canh sat th~m vin mat nghi can, ngudi nay ph~i 4udc bao trUbc ve-nhung quyen sau diy.cua minh:
1. Quyiin giJ im lang. 2. Bi~ luan di~~ ~~ nghi can n~i ra de~ co the' dung de' chang l~i ngu'cii
MISDEMEANOR:
MISTRIAL:
MODIFICATION:
MOTION: (A petition for a ruling)
MOTION DENIED:
MOTION GRANTED:
MUG SHOT:
NEGLIGENCE:
-23-
•' ' ay trong mot phien xu. . , .. -3. Nghi can co quyen tham mot lutt su va co lu&t sd trong khi th&m van . . 4. Neu nghi can khong thi su, mbt lu~~ su cdng se cip miSi phi)
•• TC>I TIEU HiNH
• • MOT PHIEN xu BAT THANH
kh.:o vdl dai di~n . .
I mudn dude
luit cung
(Mit phien xJ bi chi~ du~ vi co nhdng tru6ng.hdp hay sd kien khidn cho vu xu' ma't. tfnh c"ch c8ng b4ng va vo' ttl ma luit phap qui d~nh)
• sl( THAY t>OI
, THINH NGUYEN B~ BAC
7 A ~
THINH NGUYEN D~~C CHAP THUAN
HiNH CHUP CAC NGHI CAN (t~i Ty C~nh S~t) '
NOT GUILTY:
NULL AND VOID:
OATH:
OBJECT { v) :
OBJECTION: {Formal protestation to the other's party assertion or evidence)
OBJECTION OVERRULED:
OBJECTION SUSTAINED:
OFFENDER:
OFFENSE: {Violation of law)
OPPER OF PROOF:
ORDER, COURT:
ORDINANCE:
-24-
KHONG co TOI; VO TOI
• • VO HIEU
Ldi TUYEN TH~; Ldi .-
THE
• oil' r PHAN
• •' ' BiNG CHI1NG stf, PHAN llOI LUAN ctl • •• CUA llOI PHifdNG
LCiJ ,
t>ih ' ' PHAN BI BAC BO
Lch ,
ll0°I Du'C1C •' NH~N PHAN CHAP
• KE PH~M PI-i..\p
TOI PH~M; S~ VI PH~M
of NGHI TRINH B~NG CHJNG
AN LENH
LUAT Ill~ PHUdNG
OVERRULE:
OVER ACT:
PARALEGAL:
PAROLE:
PARTY: (Plaintiff,e.g. People, State, or defendant)
PATERNITY:
PENALTY:
PENALTY ASSESSMENT:
PENDING:
PENITENTIARY:
PEOPLE (PROSECUTION):
-25-
' , BAC BO
HANK VI sdu LQ
PRONG THICH TRUde H~N
(Theo hinh luit, ll s~ phong thich m&t ngd~i bi·k~~ ~n vf mat t8i dai hfnh tru6c khi min han tii · vd'i dillu ki€n ph~i ch~u s~ ~i~m cht cu. cd quan cho t~m dung)
BEN DUONG TVNG; NGUdi DQ T4NG; DUONG SIJ
. PHU TIJ H~
. HINH PHAT
-PH~T V~ KEM THEO HINH PH~T
A' DANG TIEN HANK
NHA TU; KHAM DUdNG; TR~I GIAM
' NHAN DAN (CONG TO)
PEREMTORARY CHALLENGE:
-26-
D~C QUYEN BAI MIEN
(Quyen cua m&i ben xin chanh an bai miiD mOt b~i thim m& khOng caD neu ly do)·
PERMANENT RESIDENT: THUdNG TRU NHAN
PERSONAL (OWN) RECOGNIZANCE: T~ HUA SB RA HAU TOA
PETITION: (n: Formal request SU clu XIN; DON XIN for an order)
. . (v: Ask, request) TRINH NGUY~N; KIEN NGHI
' PLAINTIFF: NGUYEN CAO; NGUYiN DON
L<h ,:
T~>I PLEA: KHAI VB TRANG (defendant's " guilty "
" not guilty" or answer to a charge)
.. ' T<h PLEA BARGAIN: i>IBU i>INH ROAN
' ' • PLEADINGS: LY i>OAN; BIEN MINH TR.,.NG; (Pormal L<fx BI~N
• 0
written HO statement of position)
I . . . ' ' ' LE POINTS AND AUTHORITIES: CAC DIEM PHAP LY VA AN
' TRic NGHI~M ' I
POLYGRAPH: MAY NOI Ddi
POSTPONI!MI!NT:
PRI!-SI!NTI!NCI! REPORT:
PREJUDICE: (Bias or preconceived opinion)
PREPONDI!RANCI! OF I!VIDBNCI!:
PRESUMPTION OP INNOCI!NCI!:
PRETRIAL CONPI!RBNCI!:
PRETRIAL RI!LI!ASI!:
PRIORABLI! OPPI!NSI!:
PRIORS:
PRISON:
PRIVILI!GI!:
PRO PER:
-27-
slf DINH ROAN
PHUC TRiNH TRude KHI TUYEN AN
.J THANH KII!N
~' ~' . /
UU THE VI! BANG CHUNG
slf SUY POAN VO TQI
' , T~M THICH TRUOC KHI XU
.. ' TII!N AN
-28-
PROBABLE CAUSE: ' LY DO DANG TIN
PROBATION: . ·' SU QUAN CHI!
PROBATION, PORMAL: 'I ._I , f
QUAN CHI! CHINH THUC
PROBATION, SUMMARY: . ' QUAN CHE TOA (khong can theo roi)
PROBATION, DEPARTMENT: . ' NHA QUAN CHB
PROBATION OFFICER: ' . ' VIEN CHUC QUAN CHI!
PROOF: ~ BANG ' CHUNG
(Evidence convincing to the judge or jury)
PRO Sl!: Til BIEN Ho
PROSECUTION: su TRUY •' TO
' CONG To' VIBN PROSECUTOR: BI~N LY;
• PUBLIC DI!FI!NDI!R (P.D): LUAT su CONG cu
• . • QUASH: HUY 80; TII!U HUY
RAP SHEET:
REASONABLE DOUBT,: BEYOND A
REBUTTAL:
REGULATION:
. RELEASE OP INFORMATION:
RELINQUISHMENT:
REMAND: (To send back)
REMEDY: (Legal compensation for a wrong)
REPORT: l.(n:Pormal account of facts or information)
2.(v:To state)
RESPONDENT:
RESTITUTION:
-29-
•' ' NGOAI NGHI VAN HOP LY
I • I }
S~ BAC BO (lu~n cu dei phudng)
s~ QUI D~NH: DIEU QUI D~NH: DIEU L~
..,t - I
CHO PREP TIET LO TIN TUC (ba· sd c• nhin,'sa·s~ch vv ... )
Dl GIAO
• su SUA SAl; su BOI THUdNG
BAN PHUC TRINH; BAO CAO
KHAI; TRINH; BAO CAO
. B I KHANG f)(lN
sll Btii THUdNc :. stJ -DEN BOI
RESTRAINING ORDER:
REVOKE:
RIGHTS, CONSTITUTIONAL:
RULE: (To decide)
SEARCH AND SEIZURE:
SELF-DEFENSE:
SELF-INCRIMINATION:
SENTENCE: (Punishment)
SENTENCE, CONCURRENT:
SENTENCE, CONSECUTIVE:
SENTENCE, SUSPENDED:
SENTENCING:
-30-
. ~ . AN LENH CAM CHI
THU HOI
QUYBN ..
HIEN D!NH
• •' PHAN; QUYET ll~NH
. VA LUC SOAT T~CH THU
SQ Tl/ V~
stJ TU BU~C Tih
. ' BAN AN
• AN SONG HANH
' ... , ""'' AN TIEP NOI
. AN TREO
-31-
stJ THAN; 4 ell SEPARATION: LY BIET
(Husband and wife's cessation of residing together)
' SERVE A SENTENCE: THU AN
s~ XEP; • SETTLEMENT: DAN HOA GIAI (Compromise agreement between parties)
• ' TRUdNG QU~N SHERIFF: CANH SAT
LO'I HO ·' , STATEMENT, CLOSING: BIEN KET THUC
. . . . STATEMENT, OPENING: LOI BI!!N HO MO DAU
I
LU~T; • STATUTE: -1>~0 QUI CHE
STATUTE OP LIMITATION: LUAT VE TIEU DIET THOI HIBU
STATUTORY RAPE:
STAY: 1. (n: A delay) SU t>INH HOAN
' 2.(v: To put off) OINH LAI
STIPULATE: udc OINH; OAT -DIEU KIEN
STRAIGHT TIME:
STRIKE:
SUBMIT: (To present to the court, e.g, evidence)
SUBPOENA:
SUE:
SUIT:
SUSTAIN:
SWEAR: (To declare under oath)
TESTIFY:
TESTIMONY:
TIME SERVED:
TORT:
-32-
. AN TU d
BOI BO
DB TRINH TOA
TRAT llOI
vu KI~N
•' THU,\N CHAP
.. TUYEN TH~ THE;
i LAM CHUNG; RA KHAI
'-.
LOI KHAI
THdi GIAN I>A d TU
Loi DAN S~; DAN SU PH~M
TRAFFIC VIOLATION:
TRAIL:
TRANSCRIPT:
TRIAL:
TRIAL, COURT/BENCH:
TRIAL, JURY:
TRIAL, SPEEDY:
UNCONSTITUTIONAL:
UNDERCOVER:
UNEMPLOYMENT:
UNLAWFUL, DETAINER:
VACATE: (To cancel)
-33-
GIAY PH~T LUU THONG
T~M DINH.
. BAN SAO LUC
. . VI! xu: PHIEN xu
PHIEN xJ KHONG co Boi THIM DOAN
'f I ... ~ ..,,
PHIEN XU CO BOI THAM DOAN
PHIEN XO TRONG THdi GIAN LUAT DINH
(Nhan vien) CHIM
THAT NGHIBP
su LUU GI~ BAT HQP PHAP DONG SAN
• • HUY BO
J
M<h BAT
VENUE:
VERDICT:
VICTIM:
VIOLATION:
VISITATION: (Right of parents to spend time with minor children)
VOIR DIRE:
WAIVE (RIGHTS):
WAIVER OP RIGHTS:
WARRANT:
-34-
QUAN HAT TOA AN
BINH QUYET; BAN TUYEN AN
NAN NHAN
·-su VI PH~M; DIEU VI PH~M
QUYEN CHA ME TRAM VIENG CON CAl
. ·' DI~N VAN
(Viec chanh an va luit su doi ben xet. hoi cac u;.g van ·bai thll'm de' lua ch~n m~t bo1 thim doan cho vu xu)
su Ttl BO QUYBN: GIAY Td BO QUYEN
(Bi~n ban phi~n to~ ph~i ghi ro la bi can hii'u rO tinb ch8
1
t vil hau qu:a cua 16i khai va y tJ bd quyen hiin dinh cua mlnh mot each tu do, tu y vi s.lng suc)t tru6'c khi toii nhin io"i khai co t~i cua y)
, TRAT TOA
-35-
WARRANT, ARREST: TRAT TAM NA
' ' ' WARRANT, SEARCH: TRAT CHO KHAM XET
WEAPON: KHI GIOI
WEAPON, CONCEALED:
WEAPON, DEADLY:
WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE: TAM QUAN TRqNG CUA BKNG CHUNG
WITNESS: NHAN CHUNG
WITNESS, DEFENSE: ' ' NHAN CHUNG PHIA BI CAN
WITNESS, EXPERT: ' NHAN CHUNG CHUYEN GIA
WITNESS HOSTILE: NHAN CHUNG {)O'I NGH~CH
WITNESS, MATERIAL: NHAN CHUNG QUAN TR9NG
WITNESS, PROSECUTION:
WITNESS STAND:
WORK FURLOUGH:
WORK RELEASE:
WRIT:
-36-
Bl!C NHAN CHUNG
CHUONG TRiNH V~A 0 TU VUA DI LAM
PHEP cuo T~M RA Tii of DI LAM
THu'QNG L~NH
(Linh .eu~ toA b~~ dieu gi hay eho phep
•• chang h~n nhu WRIT OF lenh truyen tha ngudi gi.J')
phai thi hani. lam dieu gl, HABAE CORPUS,
dang b! giam
-37-
CRIMES
ARSON:
ASSAULT: TOAN HANH HUNG
ASSAULT, AGGRAVATED: TOAN HANH HUNG GIA TRONG
ASSAULT WITH A DEADLY: ' . .
TOAN HANH HUNG VOl KHI GIOI CO THE WEAPON GAY CuET NGt1di
AUTO TAMPERING: LUC LOI XE
BATTERY, SPOUSAL: fu DA Git1A v¢ CHifNG
BOOKMAKING:
• BRANDISHING A WEAPON: VUNG KHI GIOI
BREAKING AND ENTERING: ; ,. ... ., ..
PHA CtJA OE VAO
BURGLARY:
CHILD MOLESTATION: ""' _,
XAM PHAM TIET H~NH THIEU NHI
-38-
CONSPIRACY! GIAN NHAN HI~P ~ANG; DONG MUU
. CONTEMPT OP COURT: KHINH M~N TOA; NHVC M~ THAM PHAN
COUNTERFEITING: • • LAM GIAY B~C GIA
DISORDERLY CONDUCT: I
GAY R?>I TRAT TQ
DISTURBING THE PEACE: GAY HUYBN NAO
DRIVING WHILE INTOXICATED: • LAI XE TRONG KHI SAY
DRUNK DRIVING: LAI XE TRONG KHI SAY R~OU
EMBEZZLEMENT!
EXTORTION:
FAILURE TO APPEAR:
FORGERY: ,
GIA M~O
GAMBLING: I
i>ANH BAG
GLUE SNIPPING:
GRAND THEFT:
HIT AND RUN:
HOMICIDE:
INCEST:
INDECENT EXPOSURE:
JOYRIDING:
KIDNAPPING:
LARCENY:
LEWD CONDUCT:
LIBEL:
LOITERING:
-39-
T~I .. GdT NGUdi; NGUOI
. A
T~I LO~N LUAN
~· GIET
coNG xuc TU si: PH6I BAY LO LIEU (than the'>
I • ' 1 4
LAI XE KHONG CO PREP CUA CHU llHAN
., BAT COC
_, TOI AN CAP
' HANH xu DAM 0
I PHI BANG (tren sach bao)
»I LA CA; DI LANG VANG
LYNCHING:
MALICIOUS MISCHIEF:
MANSLAUGHTER:
MANSLAUGHTER, INVOLUNTARY:
MANSLAUGHTER, VOLUNTARY:
MAYHEM:
MURDER:
ORAL COPULATION, FORCED:
PANDERING:
PERJURY:
PETTY THEFT:
PIMPING:
-40-
. TRO TINH NGH!CH CO AC Y
TOI GIET NGu'ch
TOI YO TINH NGQ SAT
co' y HUY HO~I VINH vdN THAN TH~· N~N NHAN
,..1 , ' co SAT co DV MUU
EP BUOC GIAO HOP BANG MIBNG
LAM MA co, DXT GAI ~IBM
LAM CHUNG GIAN; KHAI GIAN
.• AN CAP V~T·
.. I •'
LAM MA CO; DAT GAI niEM
POSSESSION OF DRUGS:
PROSTITUTION:
RAPE:
RAPE, STATUTORY:
RAPE IN CONCERT:
RECKLESS DRIVING:
ROBBERY:
SEXUAL MOLESTATION:
SLANDER:
SODOMY:
THEFT:
-41-
OA TRJ CHAT MA TUY (e.g. co-ca-in, he-ro-in)
HI!.P DAM
(Giao ci\. vd'i mc?t v~ thanh nien, dii trong trudng hdp co su tho~ thuin cu' nan nhin, cung du~c xem nhu li mat t~i hie~ d~m luat 4inh) . .
~ ' .AN CUOP
XAM PHAM TIBT HANH
' vu,cAq: vu KHONG: PHI BANG (bAng ldi n~i)
GIAO HdP BANG MI~NG
- ... AN CAP
-42-
• NHAP KHONG ' TRESPASSING: XAM co PHEP
• ' VAGRANCY: TOI SONG LANG TRANG; Ldl sONG LANG THANG
' PHACH; • TAl • VANDALISM: PHA HUY HOAI SAN
. ·.·
.. ~ .
l: : ;:
Bibliography
Black's Law Dictionary, West Publishing Company (6th ed. 1991) (Available in law school bookstores and libraries)
Burton, Legal Thesaurus, Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc. (2nd ed. 1992) .
(Available in law school bookstores and law libraries)
Gonzalez, Vasquez, and Mikkelson, Fundamentals of Court Interpretation, Carolina Academic Press (1991)
(For availability information, call Carolina Academic Press at 919-489-7486)
Ngo, Bich, and a group of Bay Area Vietnamese Interpreters, Glossary of L-egal Terminology, English~vietnamese, (July 1991)
Published by Santa Clara County Superior Court, Santa Clara, California ·
Nha Xuat Ban Khoa Hoc Xa Hoi, English-Vietnamese Dictionary (Available at local Vietnamese bookstores)
Ta, Dr. Tai Van, Glossary for Vietnamese -(Prepared by Office of Court Interpreter Services, Massachusetts Trial Court)
Trinh, Chuyet, Dainam Publishing House, Trilingual Dictionary (Vietnamese-English-French)
(Available at local Vietnamese bookstores)
Washington State Administrator for the Courts, A Citizen's Guide to Washington Courts, Glossary, (1993)
Available from the Court Interpreter Certification Program, Pre-Test for interpreters, Washington State Administrator for the Courts
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