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11Environmental Performance Reviews

OECD ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE REVIEWSSOME LESSONS

Dr. Christian AvérousOECD Environment Directoratewww.oecd.org/env

Santiago, Chile27 November 2008


MANDATE and HISTORY 1991 mandate OECD Ministerial meetings,

G7 Summit 1st and 2nd cycles for member countries non member countries: e.g. Chile, China,

Russia 62 reviews

PROGRAMME ROOTS


PROGRAMME ROOTSPEER REVIEWS: a core OECD function ECO, ENV, AID, ENERGY WPEP (i.e. 30 countries representatives) Helping Governments judge, make progress Policy dialogue

ACCOUNTABILITY Domestic and international commitments Environmental credibility of governments

(e.g. public opinion, other governments)


REFERENCE FRAMEWORK

ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE Effectiveness Efficiency Ambitious or modest objectives?


REFERENCE FRAMEWORK

THE 3S Framework (pressure, state, response) Objectives (aims, goals, targets) Performance (intentions, actions, results) Outputs (description, evaluation,

prescription)


REFERENCE FRAMEWORK

ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS OECD indicators, CEI, KEI, SEI, DEI National indicators Only one tool Interpretation in context Inter-country comparison


REFERENCE FRAMEWORK

PEER REVIEW PROCESS Preparation stage Mission (by review team) Peer review examination (by WPEP) In country publication Follow-up and monitoring


OUTCOME

PRODUCTS Published report, conclusions

recommendations English/French/Third language Derived products (e.g. water, Σ C&R,

achievements)


OUTCOME

RECOMMENDATIONS About 50 recommendations on future

directions for each country review Medium term, long term Commonly agreed, country specific


OUTCOMEINFLUENCE/OWNERSHIP/FOLLOW-UP Press Conference (Minister, OECD officials) Parliament, Seminars Dissemination Presentation to some Heads of State and Government Mid-term reviews


OUTCOME

SECOND CYCLE REVIEWS Germany Iceland Portugal Norway Japan Slovakia Italy UK Netherlands Poland

Austria Mexico Canada Spain Sweden France Chile Czech Rep. USA Korea

N. Zealand Australia Belgium China Switzerland Denmark Hungary Turkey Greece Finland

30 sets of recommendations with rolling, monitoring and revision

INTERNATIONAL SOFT LAW


KEY WORDS

Accountability Indicators Peer review Performance Recommendations


IMPLEMENTINGOECD ENV STRATEGY

Review of progress (2001-08) At OECD meeting of Environment Ministers

(April 2008) Focus on OECD countries Based on Environmental Performance

Reviews Complements OECD Environmental Outlook



ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTIVENESSand ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY Regulatory instruments Economic instruments Institutional instruments Social instruments Financing Monitoring, enforcement



SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN PRACTICE SD institutional arrangements Institutional integration

(e.g. strategic, planning, programming, budget, project levels)

Market-based sectoral integration (e.g. prices, taxes, subsidies)


INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS Global Regional Bilateral OECD Acts




MAIN CONCLUSIONS (1) Good progress in improving information for

decision-making and addressing social- environmental interface

Uneven progress in improving ecosystem integrity, decoupling, international environmental governance and co-operation

Countries only beginning to address full range of challenges



MAIN CONCLUSIONS (2) Environmental efforts are too low compared to

pressures Need to address implementation gap in

environmental policies Need to reduce integration gap Need to intensify implementation of

international agreements


OECD ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE REVIEW OF CHINA

PROCESS February 2006: review mission (Beijing – Lang

Fang, Provinces of Jiangsu and Shaanxi) 16 OECD experts, (consultation with NGOs, industry, independent experts, field trips) November 2006: Peer review (Beijing, 30 countries,

1 day and 1/2, questions from OECD Countries to Chinese delegation)

November 2006: Release of the Conclusions & Recommendations (Beijing – 51 recommendations) July 2007: Press Conference (Beijing), international

and Chinese press



CONTEXT

Economic growth (4th largest economy in the world)

Integration into the global economy Income disparity Harmonious society Global economic and environmental

interdependencies



ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

ACHIEVEMENTS FYPs and FYEPs Environmental policy implementation Decoupling SO2, NO2 and CO2 emissions

from economic growth Major reform of the water sector 3Rs and “circular economy” in the 11th FYP PAC expenditure (1.2% of GDP)



ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTAREAS FOR PROGRESS Human health & key natural resources Enforcement capacity at the local level High pollution, energy and material

intensities of the economy Under-pricing of energy, water and other

resources Marine fisheries, coastal water quality,

hazardous waste, GHGs at international level



SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

ACHIEVEMENTS Five-Year Plans for National Economic and

Social Development Integration economic growth/social demands EIA Law



SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

AREAS FOR PROGRESS Pollution remains serious Price levels for energy Sources of environmental finance Integration environment/economy



INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION

ACHIEVEMENTS Impressive progress Participation in regional & multilateral

organisations Reduction of ODS (more than any other country

from 1995) Active and constructive with MEAs


OECD ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE REVIEW OF CHINAINTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION

AREAS FOR PROGRESS Anti-desertification effort Transboundary air pollution (Northeast Asia) Coherent national plan on climate change Development co-operation programme



OUTCOME Commitment of China on 51

recommendations Creation of Ministry of Environment (March

2008 – November 2008) Climate Change Plan International context


REFERENCES

www.oecd.org/department/0,3355,en_2649_34307_1_1_1_1_1,00.html

http://www.oecd.org/department/0,3355,en_2649_34307_1_1_1_1_1,00.html