The Old NSFNET Backbone
45 Mb/s National Network Facility
CERFNET
••
NYSERNET
PREPNET
SURANET
MIDNET
SESQUINET
NORTHWESTNET
WESTNET
BARRNET
CERFNET
JVNCNET
NSFNET Backbone
Geographic Area of Mid-level Network
Mid-level Network Hub
Supercomputer Center & Mid-level Network Hub
NEARNET
CICNET
Hawaii
Mid-level Connections
Alaska
LEGENDNetwork Service ProvidersRegional and MidlevelNetworksNetwork Access Points (NAPs)Supercomputer CentersNote: Supercomputer centers have additional connections for commodity traffic.
REGIONALREGIONAL
REGIONALREGIONAL
REGIONALREGIONAL
REGIONALREGIONAL
NSP #1
NSP #2
NSP #3
NCARBoulder, CO
NCARBoulder, COPalo Alto, CA
SDSCSan Diego, CA
SDSCSan Diego, CA
New York, NYNew York, NY
Washington, DCWashington, DC
CornellIthaca, NY
PSCPittsburgh, PA
PSCPittsburgh, PA
NCSAChampaign, IL
NCSAChampaign, IL
Chicago, ILChicago, IL
NewInternet
Architecture
Copyright © 1994 General Atomics. NSF Network News, May/June 1994, Vol. 1, No. 2. Reprinted with permission.
VBNS
vBNS Initial Topology
ATM Switch
OC-3 Backbone
WOR
WAE
AST
NOR
DNG
DNJ
HAY
RTO
HSN
RCH
SDSC
NCAR
NCSA
PSC
CTC
ANS
Technology: TCP/IP over ATM on OC-3Status: Activated April 1, 1995
vBNS national network program
• support national and global scale R&E– leading edge but stable technology– always beyond the commercial Internet
• model network technology of the future– RSVP, QoS, IPV6– tech transfer to commercial Internet
• enable new applications in R&E
• support national and global scale R&E– leading edge but stable technology– always beyond the commercial Internet
• model network technology of the future– RSVP, QoS, IPV6– tech transfer to commercial Internet
• enable new applications in R&E
Connections to the Internet
• vBNS companion grant program announced in March, 1996
• support networking for meritorious science that cannot be accomplished on the commodity Internet
• promote designs that share resources with QoS and can scale to R&E (+ Internet)
• vBNS companion grant program announced in March, 1996
• support networking for meritorious science that cannot be accomplished on the commodity Internet
• promote designs that share resources with QoS and can scale to R&E (+ Internet)
Program requirements
• $350,000 one-time grant to a campus– offered every January 31 and July 31– 64 awards so far; 63 more just proposed
• institutional match and continuation– costs and availability vary dramatically– some start at DS3 and move to OC3 later
• require collaborative planning for connections in lab, campus, region, etc.
• $350,000 one-time grant to a campus– offered every January 31 and July 31– 64 awards so far; 63 more just proposed
• institutional match and continuation– costs and availability vary dramatically– some start at DS3 and move to OC3 later
• require collaborative planning for connections in lab, campus, region, etc.
Connections awards to date
• 1995: 5 supercomputing centers
• May 96: 14 university sites– interconnect with NASA and DOE
• July 96: 14 university sites
• Jan 97: 35 university sites– interconnect CA*Net 2 and IDREN
• July 97: 60+ proposed new connections– interconnect with more countries at STAR TAP
• 1995: 5 supercomputing centers
• May 96: 14 university sites– interconnect with NASA and DOE
• July 96: 14 university sites
• Jan 97: 35 university sites– interconnect CA*Net 2 and IDREN
• July 97: 60+ proposed new connections– interconnect with more countries at STAR TAP
NSF vBNS partners to date
• Argonne National Lab (ANL)• Fermi National Accelerator Lab (FNAL)• Interim Defense Research and Engineering
Network (iDREN)• Energy Sciences Network (ESnet)• NASA Internet (NREN)• Canadian Research Network (CA*net II)• Defense Research and Engineering
Network/Defense Information Systems Center (DREN/DISC)
• Argonne National Lab (ANL)• Fermi National Accelerator Lab (FNAL)• Interim Defense Research and Engineering
Network (iDREN)• Energy Sciences Network (ESnet)• NASA Internet (NREN)• Canadian Research Network (CA*net II)• Defense Research and Engineering
Network/Defense Information Systems Center (DREN/DISC)
The vBNS Network: March ‘97
SAC
DOH
DNG
HSJ
AST
NORDNJ
vBNS OC12 Backbone622 Mbps ofIP Over ATM
SEJ
HAY
DOH
RTO
DNJ
IRV
RCH
AST
AUB
GNJWAE
PYMWOR
NYD
CHT
NOR
MCI Commercial ATMNetwork (155 Mbps)Access to the vBNS
for Universities
OC12 TestNet
= NAPs
ESNET, IDREN,NASA
CANARIE
= Research Networks
XXXX
= Supercomputer Center
SDSC
NCSA
CTC
PSCNCAR PYM
vBNS midterm review
• expert panel review in August, 1997
• review history, changing environment– MCI technical performance “excellent”– now PACI, NGI, globalization, Internet2
• strongly endorse expansion to 100+ sites– NSF strategy– need for continued NSF involvement
• expert panel review in August, 1997
• review history, changing environment– MCI technical performance “excellent”– now PACI, NGI, globalization, Internet2
• strongly endorse expansion to 100+ sites– NSF strategy– need for continued NSF involvement
Five closely related topics
• International connections
• Next Generation Internet
• Internet2
• Partnerships for Advanced Computational Infrastructure
• National Laboratory for Applied Network Research
• International connections
• Next Generation Internet
• Internet2
• Partnerships for Advanced Computational Infrastructure
• National Laboratory for Applied Network Research
HPIIS: High Performance International Internet Services
• promotes links between the vBNS and high-performance research networks of other countries
• connections at STAR TAP encouraged• for “high-end” institutions on foreign nets• widely anticipated among international high-
performance networking community• $ 4.5 million budgeted annually for up to 5 years• awards later this year
• promotes links between the vBNS and high-performance research networks of other countries
• connections at STAR TAP encouraged• for “high-end” institutions on foreign nets• widely anticipated among international high-
performance networking community• $ 4.5 million budgeted annually for up to 5 years• awards later this year
NGI: Next Generation Internet
• federal program to unify and focus federal activities in advanced networking– proposed $100 million per year for 3 years– government, university, industry partnership– coordinate network R&D across agencies– coordinate federal research networks
• implementation planning team in LSN
• joint engineering team
• federal program to unify and focus federal activities in advanced networking– proposed $100 million per year for 3 years– government, university, industry partnership– coordinate network R&D across agencies– coordinate federal research networks
• implementation planning team in LSN
• joint engineering team
vBNS role in NGI
• national-scale platform for new technologies
• central role in “connect 100+ institutions...”– core network of both Internet 2 and PACI– interconnect with U.S. research networks– interconnect with foreign research networks
• cooperate in “connect 10+ institutions”
• national platform for new applications
• national-scale platform for new technologies
• central role in “connect 100+ institutions...”– core network of both Internet 2 and PACI– interconnect with U.S. research networks– interconnect with foreign research networks
• cooperate in “connect 10+ institutions”
• national platform for new applications
vBNS role in I2
• vBNS selected initial backbone network– members develop campus nets and gigaPops– apply to NSF for connections to vBNS
• partner relationship for– engineering and operations– new technologies– applications
• a running head start
• vBNS selected initial backbone network– members develop campus nets and gigaPops– apply to NSF for connections to vBNS
• partner relationship for– engineering and operations– new technologies– applications
• a running head start
NLANR: National Laboratory for Applied Network Research
• distributed staff
• expert support for advanced networking– engineering, user services, research– performance, statistics, measurements,
multicast, caching, applications, collaboration
• scale up to help vBNS expansion– workshops, documents, web site– “Good neighbor policies”
• distributed staff
• expert support for advanced networking– engineering, user services, research– performance, statistics, measurements,
multicast, caching, applications, collaboration
• scale up to help vBNS expansion– workshops, documents, web site– “Good neighbor policies”
Research andDevelopment
Partnerships
PrivatizationCommercialization
Technology Spiral
ARPAnet NSFNET
Agency NetsANS
SprintLink,InternetMCI
gigabittestbeds
vBNS, ESnet,NSI, DREN
Interoperable High Perf R&E nets
21st CenturyNetworking
Active NetswirelessWDM
QoS
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