NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 1
Wireless Mesh NetworkThe New Era of WLANMadan Jagernauth
Director, Business And Technology Strategy
Wireless Mesh Network
Vendor Soup15 February 2005
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 2
Agenda
> Introduction of Wireless Mesh Network concept
> Wireless Mesh Network deployment models
> Introduction to Nortel Networks Wireless Mesh Network solution• Including some technical details (radio technology, community area
networks, mobility, and security)
> Sample of current deployments
> Conclusion of Wireless Mesh Networks Discussion
> A view of WiMAX and how WiMAX and Wireless Mesh Networks could work together
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 3
Traditional WLAN
> APs connected in star topology
> Each AP is connected directly to the wired network
> In public deployments, backhaul using leased narrowband (E1/T1, DSL) links
Advantages
> Does not require separate power source
> Inexpensive and simple to deploy
Challenges
> Deployment limited by Ethernet cable length (max 100m)
> In public, capacity limited by narrowband backhaul (E1/T1, DSL)
AP
APAP
AP
AP
AP
Hub
WiredNetwork
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Wireless Mesh Network
> Wireless Access Points connected in peer-to-peer topology
> Backhaul using wireless broadband links
> A few Network Access Points connected to broadband network at convenient locations
Advantages
> Backhaul via broadband wireless links• Does not require any cabling to APs• Simplifies network design / deployment,
reduces ongoing OPEX
> Employs wireless peer-to-peer devices for efficient routing, fault recovery
Challenges
> Requires AC power at the AP
BroadbandNetwork
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Flexible Deployment Models
Enterprises – Retail/Public Areas• Airports• Convention Centres/Sporting Venues• Hotels• Shopping Malls• Temporary installations for special events
and disaster recovery
Extending the reach of WLAN in areas which do not cost-effectively support a wired LAN
Network Operators• Wireline/Fixed/Cable TV/ISPs/Wireless• Disjoint hotspots link hotspots together,
concentrate wired backhaul• Ubiquitous Coverage “Last mile” – deliver
high speed broadband to homes and offices • Augment existing broadband service or
bypass incumbent carriers
Enterprises
NetworkOperators
Communities/Cities
Wireless Mesh Networks
Cities / Communities• Government/Homeland
Security/Army/Municipalities/Public Works• Private use by its out-of-office employees
• Fire, Police, Ambulance• Public use by its citizens and visitors in
federal or provincial government• Public parks, tourist areas
Enterprises – Private Verticals• Education: Universities or College
Campuses/Schools• Healthcare: Hospitals• Manufacturing: Factory floors, loading
docks, inventory storage buildings
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Wireless Mesh NetworkInnovative WLAN Access Solution
> Wireless AP 7220• Indoor/outdoor Access Point• 802.11b/g access link • 802.11a transit link with smart antennas• Self-configuring, self-healing mesh formation• Mobility client proxy for seamless subscriber mobility within
the Community Area Network
> Wireless Gateway 7250
• Enterprise class router• Advertises reachability (within Enterprise/ISP Distribution
Network) for WLAN Community Area Network subscribers• Provides WLAN CAN-specific mobility anchor point • Provides data security for the mesh transit link
> Network Management• APs and Gateway support SNMP network management
interfaces• Currently integrated with Nortel’s Optivity NMS:
• Centralized facility for monitoring and managing network operations, leveraging a field proven end-to-end network mgmt solution
• Discovery & visualization of WG 7250 & AP 7220• Fault management – traps, faults, system log• Real-time performance metrics – utilization, errors, interface
metrics
Enterprise / ISP / MetroDistribution Network
WirelessGateway
CommunityArea Network
Wireless AP 7220
WirelessGateway
Enterprise / ISP Backbone Network
Layer 3Router
Layer 3Router
Border Gateway(NAT, Firewall, etc.)
Internetat large
Optivity NMS
AAA, DHCP,RADIUS
NOSS
Wireless AP 7220
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Wireless Access Point 7220
> Performs traffic collection & distribution functions for traffic within the Community Area Network (CAN)
> Incorporates routing and wireless transit functions
> Incorporates security functions for validating connections to other Wireless APs
> Incorporates security functions for controlling access by user devices
> Incorporates low-cost advanced antenna designs for extended reach, simplified deployment, and reliability
> Small size (10” tall x 7.5” diameter) for flexible placement
> Uses 802.11a with proprietary extensions for inter-AP transmissions (Transit Link)
> Uses 802.11b/g for user access (Access Link)
Layer 3Router
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Radio Networking Technology
Transit Link (TL) @ 5 GHz• Elevated dual-polar
antennas with switched-beams.
• Uses 802.11a technology.
Existing utility pole or wall offering elevated mounting position
Access Link (AL) @ 2.4 GHz• Elevated, dual-polar, diversity
switched antennas.• Uses 802.11b/g technology.
Wireless AP 7220
MNMN
Coverage of the Access Link (AL) from the Wireless AP
Mobile Client
Access and Transit links separated in space and frequencyAccess and Transit links separated in space and frequency
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Wireless Gateway 7250
> Advertises reachability (within Enterprise/ISP Distribution Network) for WLAN CAN subscribers
> Hides WLAN CAN-specific mobility and security functions from the rest of the Enterprise/ISP Distribution and Backbone Networks
> Provides data security for the mesh transit link
> Typically supports about 50 AP 7220
WirelessGateway
7250
WirelessGateway
7250
Layer 3Router Layer 3
Router
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Network Operation Support System
> Centralized facility for monitoring and managing network operations and leverages a field proven end-to-end network management solution
• Interface to distributed elements through industry-standard protocols (e.g. DHCP, FTP, SNMP, SNTP, RADIUS)
• Discovery and visualization of Wireless AP 7220 and WG7250
• Fault management• traps, faults, syslog
• Real-time performance metrics• utilization, errors• interface metrics
• Optivity NMS as portal• launch other Nortel element managers
> Leverages off-the-shelf industry standard elements for the DHCP, FTP and RADIUS servers
• Enables customers to future proof their infrastructure investment with integration to their existing back office
> Proper authentication and authorization of users through NOSS ensures no theft of service or revenue losses by the service provider or enterprise
> Minimize configuration required to enable fast, easy and cost-effective deployment and installation
Optivity NMS
NOSS
FTP, RADIUS,DHCP, SNTP
Enterprise / ISP / MetroDistribution Network
WirelessGateway
7250
CommunityArea Network
Wireless AP7220
WirelessGateway
7250
Enterprise / ISPBackbone Network
Layer 3Switch
Layer 3Switch
Border Gateway(NAT, Firewall, etc.)
Internetat large
Optivity NMS
AAA, DHCP,RADIUS
NOSS
Enterprise / ISP / MetroDistribution Network
WirelessGateway
7250
CommunityArea Network
Wireless AP7220
WirelessGateway
7250
Enterprise / ISPBackbone Network
Layer 3Router
Layer 3Router
Border Gateway(NAT, Firewall, etc.)
Internetat large
Optivity NMS
FTP, RADIUSDHCP, SNTP
NOSS
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Neighbour Auto-Discovery Techniques
Community Area NetworkTopology
Wireless transit link
Arbitrary topology of wireless access and routing points
Wireless access links
NetworkAccessPoint
NAPRouter
APAP AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
MobileNode
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
APAP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
NetworkAccessPoint
NAPRouter
APAP AP
AP
AP
AP
Wired transit link
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Community Area NetworkTopology
NetworkAccessPoint
NAPRouter
APAP AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
MobileNode
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
APAP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
NetworkAccessPoint
NAPRouter
APAP AP
AP
AP
AP
Forwarding Path Auto-Discovery
Adaptive Routing Algorithms
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Community Area NetworkTopology
NetworkAccessPoint
NAPRouter
APAP AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
MobileNode
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
APAP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
NetworkAccessPoint
NAPRouter
APAP AP
AP
AP
AP
Adaptive Routing Algorithms
Automatic Rerouting
Link or Node Failure
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 14
Mobility Network Architecture
Between Internet at Largeand WG 7250• Standard IPv4 addressing
and routing
Between WG 7250 and AP 7220• Wide-Area Mobility
solution based on Mobile IPv4 concepts
Enterprise / ISP / MetroDistribution Network
CommunityArea Network
Enterprise / ISP Backbone Network
Layer 3Router
Border Gateway(NAT, Firewall, etc.)
Internetat large
NW Mgmt
Wireless Mobile Node(End User)
TransitLink
AccessLink
AAA, DHCP,RADIUS
Wireless Access Point 7220
WirelessGateway 7250
Optivity NetworkManagement
System
Between AP 7220 and Wireless Mobile Node• 802.11 mobility
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 15
IPsec Encrypted Tunnel
Authenticated
Authenticated
WPA* EAP Authentication**
NOSSNAP-R
MobileNode
WPA* TKIP, AES Encryption
WPA* - 802.1X/EAPOL RADIUS with EAP Extensions
WPA* - TKIP, AES User Data
* Industry standard WiFi Protected Access, evolving to 802.11i** TLS, TTLS, PEAP
AP 7220
SubscriberAuthentication
SubscriberTraffic
RADIUS Accounting
WirelessGateway 7250
Security – Subscriber Level
Delivering multiple layers of security enables secure, “anytime, anywhere” access
Trusted NetworkUn-trusted Network
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 16
Authenticated for SNMP v3 only (after 1st release)
Authenticated per packet
128 bit Encryption
EAP Authentication
NOSSNAP-R
802.1X/EAPOL RADIUS with EAP Extensions
Mobility Management
Link Signaling
SNMP
AP 7220 AP 7200
IPsec Encrypted Tunnel
APDiscovery andAuthentication
SignalingTraffic
Network MgmtTraffic
SignalingTraffic
WirelessGateway 7250
Security – Network Level
Delivering multiple layers of security enables secure,
“anytime, anywhere” access
Trusted NetworkUn-trusted Network
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 17
>University of Arkansas• 130 Buildings, 345 Acres in Ozark
Mountains• 17K Students, 5K Faculty
>Broadband capability• 2x 50 Mbps Internet WAN links• Gigabit Ethernet campus core network• 10/100 switched Ethernet to most desktops• 10/100 switched "per pillow" residence hall network• Wireless "Hotspots"; general use, public safety,
parking tickets• Wireless bridging for satellite offices
WMN Solution addresses key concerns such as:• scalability• reaching outdoor areas where wired infrastructure
would not be feasible• trees and buildings creating radio "shadow" areas• ad hoc 802.11b/g SOHO access points - channel
interference• bandwidth saturation• network management
>Why Outdoors?• Attractive outdoor seating areas• Relatively mild weather• Outdoor areas conducive to gatherings (ARKU Mall,
Fulbright Peace Fountain, Old Main lawn)• Supplement Public Safety, Facilities Management work
orders, parking ticket, book store end of term book buy-back
• Future for Wi-Fi IP Phones
> Press Release http://www.nortelnetworks.com/corporate/news/newsreleases/2004d/10_19_04_univ_of_arkansas.html
Live WMN Deployments – University of Arkansas
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Edith Cowan UniversityFirst Wireless Mesh Network in Australia
> Australia's first wireless mesh network
• Using wireless mesh and local area network (LAN) solutions from Nortel
• Plans to deploy before the end of 2004
> Edith Cowan University
• Almost 23,000 students including 3,000 international enrollments
• Second-largest university in Western Australia.
• Metropolitan campuses in Churchlands, Mount Lawley and Joondalup and a regional campus in Bunbury
> Delivering innovative Broadband capability
• Providing staff and students seamless wireless access to University applications and resources
• Extended reach: Provide coverage both inside and outside the campus buildings,
• Scalability: Nortel’s Wireless Mesh Network solution enables Edith Cowan University to meet current and future bandwidth demands
• Flexibility: Nortel’s Wireless Mesh Networks solution enables Edith Cowan to accommodate future technology such as converged voice, video and data communications. • Also, due to the University's geographical spread, it had to be hardy enough to
service both metropolitan and rural environments.
> Future applications• Plans to trial Nortel’s Multimedia Communications
Server (MCS) 5100 in the next 12 months with a view to enabling converged multimedia (voice, video and data streaming) services over the wireless mesh network.
> Press Release http://www.nortelnetworks.com/corporate/news/newsreleases/2004d/10_19_04_univ_of_arkansas.html
Significant potential cost savings
“We've determined that up to 70 per cent of mobile calls are from a campus base station to a campus phone," said Jeff Murray, IT manager, Edith Cowan University. "Future capabilities of the wireless mesh network can make this service available to all students and staff and can save AU$300,000, which means the new network will basically pay for itself."
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Public WMN Trial Site: National Taiwan University and its Surrounding Business Area
CAN3_AP2
CAN3_AP1
CAN3_NAP
CAN1_NAP
CAN2_AP1
CAN1_AP1
CAN1_AP2
CAN3_AP3
Innovative Wireless Mesh Network Solution for Public WLAN: Providing campus-wide indoor and outdoor coverage to NTU’s professors, students, and staff as benchmark, leading-edge wireless mesh deployment in Taiwan
Partner with Taiwan local companies for network build-out: Using range extender solutions to provide WMN relay to enhance outdoor to indoor coverage
Nortel Networks first Wireless Mesh Network deployment in Asia
Includes a comprehensive network solution: Up to 17 Wireless AP 7220s, 1 Passport 1424 (NAP-R), 1 Optivity NMS Software, Wireless Gateway 7250, 2220/2221 WLAN Mobile Adapters
Support for multimedia applications (web browsing, video streaming, e-mail)
Demo of advanced applications (Wi-Fi voice over IP, seamless hand-over while driving at speeds of 50 kilometers per hour, surveillance video using web cam)*
Press Release: http://www.nortelnetworks.com/corporate/news/newsreleases/2004c/08_05_04_national_taiwan_university.html
*Initial Testing done on pre-GA Release 1.0 software load
NORTEL NETWORKS CONFIDENTIAL PG 20
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