What Edgar Dale’sCone of Experience
IS and is NOT
Presented By Nikki (MacInnes) WhiteTech 573 Multimedia for Instruction
UTK
1946, 1st Edition of Audiovisual Methods in Teaching
1954, 2nd Edition of Audiovisual Methods in Teaching
1969, 3rd Edition of Audiovisual Methods in Teaching
Edgar Dale
The Authentic Cone
“The Cone of Experience is a visual model, a pictorial device that may help you to think critically about the ways in which concepts are developed. Indeed, you may now be able to apply your ideas about the relationships of interesting, meaningful experiences and abstract, highly symbolic representations.”
From Dale, 1969, p. 134
“[Do] not mistake the Cone device for an exact rank-order of learning processes. You will understand that the Cone classifies instructional messages only in terms of greater or lesser concreteness and abstractness.”
From Dale, 1969, p. 128
Abstract
Concrete
What are the eleven categories of The Cone of Experience and what are
some examples?
Verbal SymbolsVerbal Symbols
Visual SymbolsVisual Symbols
Recordings RadioStill Pictures
Recordings RadioStill Pictures
Motion PicturesMotion Pictures
Educational TelevisionEducational Television
ExhibitsExhibits
Study TripsStudy Trips
DemonstrationsDemonstrations
Dramatized ExperiencesDramatized Experiences
Contrived ExperiencesContrived Experiences
Direct Purposeful Experiences
Direct Purposeful Experiences
“Instructional materials at all levels of the Cone can help us to extend the web of relationships that our concepts involve. Even the most advanced student, therefore, can deepen his understanding of concepts and his enjoyment of life by participating in experiences all along our Cone. … the Cone of Experience stands for activities that are available, in varying degrees.”
From Dale, 1969, p. 132
The cone does NOT include statistics, percentages, or numerical
representations.
BEWARE of Misinformation.
#1. Computer Strategies, LLChttp://www.compstrategies.com/staffdevelopment/4cueadlearn/sld002.htm
10/25/1999
San Leandro, California
Reference: Wiman and Meirhenry, 1960.
#4. Office for Distributed & Distance Learning, FSU http://www.fsu.edu/~ids/fac2002/Edgar%20Dale.htm
Lower levels of the cone involve the student as a participant and encourage active learning.
Lower levels include more stimuli and are richer with regard to natural feedback - the consequences of an action.
Higher levels compress information and provide more data faster for those able to process it.
Pictures are remembered (recalled) better than verbal propositions.
Pictures aid in recalling information that has been associated with them
Upper levels of the cone need more instructional support than lower levels.
#6. Oakland Unified School District Technology Learning Center
http://tlc.ousd.k12.ca.us/tlc/sitetech/agendas/documents_81202/Dale's%20Cone.pdf
#13. Why Use Active Learning?http://www.acu.edu/cte/activelearning/whyuseal2.htm
Brought to you by the Active Learning Online team at
the ACU Adams Center for Teaching Excellence
ACU Box 29201 Abilene, TX 79699-9201
Rather, The Cone of Experience is a Guide to incorporating multimedia into the learning
experience.
Remember…It is not a steadfast, perfectly constructed data set.