Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation
Presented byVineetha I V
Physical ScienceRoll No : 20
• The idea of gravity was Introduced by Sir Isaac Newton in the late 1600’s
• He was a scientist who combine ideas to explain how the universe operates
How He Discovered it…?
• Newton’s law of Gravitation was discovered while he watched an apple fall from a tree.
• The force that pulled the apple to the ground was the same with which apple attracted earth.
All Matter Is Affected by Gravity
• Because of gravity you are being pulled toward your book, your pencil, and every other object around you.
• You exert an attractive force on everything around you and everything is exerting an attractive force on you.
• This attractive force is called gravity.• All objects experience an attraction toward all other objects
in this universe.
Gravitational Force
Gravitation force depends on two things:
• The mass of the two objects
• The distance between the two objects
Gravitational Force and Mass
• Earth attracts an elephant more than a cat.• Earth attracts coconut more than an apple. • Earth’s gravitational force is greater than that of
moon.
Gravitational force increases as mass
increases.
• Gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of masses.
Gravitational Force and Distance
• Gravity between you and the earth is greater than the gravity between you and the sun.
Gravitational force decreases as distance increases.
• Gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of distance between the masses
• All objects in the universe attract each other through gravitational force. Every body in the universe attracts every other body with a force which is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
F M∝ 1M2
d2
F = G M1M2
d2
G = Gravitational Constant & G = 6.67x10-11 Nm2/kg2
This is Law of Universal Gravitation Universal : applies to all objects!!!
• The force acts in the direction of the line connecting the centers of the masses.
Thank You…
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