US Army Corps of Engineers BUILDING STRONG®
Presentation to Lake Erie Allegany Partnership 18 March 2015 USACE Green Breakwaters / Engineering With Nature Pilot Projects on Lake Erie
Paul Bijhouwer, PE, PMP Navigation Structure Repair Program Manager
Buffalo District
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Outline
Engineering With Nature GLRI Green Breakwaters Projects
►Cleveland Harbor Pilot Project ►Ashtabula Harbor Pilot Project
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Engineering With Nature… …the intentional alignment of natural and engineering
processes to efficiently and sustainably deliver economic, environmental and social benefits through collaborative processes.
Key Elements: Science and engineering that
produces operational efficiencies Using natural process to maximum
benefit Broaden and extend the benefits
provided by projects Science-based collaborative
processes to organize and focus interests, stakeholders, and partners
www.engineeringwithnature.org
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GLRI Green Breakwaters EPA funded pilot projects demonstrating the potential to
economically incorporate aquatic habitat features into the O&M repairs of Federal Navigation Structures, and to provide nesting habitat for targeted bird species on top of existing breakwater structures.
EPA funding covered the differential cost of including the habitat features into the existing O&M repair projects
Cleveland Harbor – Aquatic habitat only Ashtabula harbor – Aquatic habitat, common tern nesting
area, low growing vegetation habitat
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Lake Superior
MI
MI NY
PA IL
WI
IN
CANADA
OH
Commercial Recreational
Ogdensburg
Morristown
Cape Vincent
Sackets Harbor
Port Ontario
Oswego
Monroe
Rouge River
Clinton River Belle River
Pine River
Lake St. Clair
St. Clair River Black River (Port Huron)
Lexington
Port Austin
Harbor Beach
Port Sanilac Saginaw River
Point Lookout
Tawas Bay Au Sable Harbor
Harrisville
Alpena
Hammond Bay
Cheboygan Inland Route
Mackinaw City Mackinac Island
St. James
Petoskey
Charlevoix
Channels in Straits of Mackinac
Grays Reef
Leland
Greilickville Frankfort
Arcadia
Portage Lake
Manistee
Ludington
Pentwater
White Lake
Muskegon
Saugatuck
Grand River
Holland
Grand Haven
South Haven
St. Joseph
New Buffalo Michigan City
Burns Small Boat Harbor Burns Waterway Harbor Calumet Harbor
Indiana Harbor
Chicago River Chicago Harbor
Waukegan
Kenosha
Milwaukee
Port Washington
Sheboygan
Manitowoc
Washington Island (2 harbors)
Green Bay
Big Suamico Algoma
Sturgeon Bay
Two Rivers
Pensaukee Oconto
Menominee Cedar River
Little Bay de Noc (Gladstone)
Manistique Detour Les Cheneaux Island
Soo Locks (part of St. Mary’s River project) St. Marys River
Whitefish Point Harbor
Little Lake Grand Marais
Presque Isle
Marquette
Big Bay
Grand Traverse Bay
Lac La Belle Eagle Harbor
Keweenaw Waterway
Ontonagon Black River
Saxon Ashland
Chippewa Harbor
Grand Marais
Two Harbors
Knife River
Duluth-Superior Bayfield
La Pointe Cornucopia
Port Wing
60 Commercial Projects, including 51 Commercial Harbors (45 with structures)
79 Recreational Projects, including 71 Recreational Harbors (61 with structures)
Great Lakes Navigation System (GLNS)
Fed. Harbor Fed. Project
Niagara River
Detroit River
Bolles Harbor
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Kewaunee
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Deteriorating Breakwater
Short Repair Section w/ Block
8’ x 4’ x 4’ Repair Toe Block
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Are there ways to improve biological value of blocks?
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Control Grooved
Dimpled Grooved Shelf
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Texture Scale
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Cleveland Harbor
Study Site
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Study Site
East Arrowhead Breakwater
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Cleveland Project Schedule
• April/May 2012 – 13 toe blocks installed • October 2012 – sampling • April/May 2013 – 3 of the 2012 blocks reset –
Hurricane Sandy repairs – no new toe blocks • June 2013 – sampling • October 2013 – sampling • April/May 2014 – remaining 21 blocks set • 2014/15 - data analysis & reporting
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Toe Block Layout
S – Shelf (5) D – Dimple (2) C – Control (3) G – Groove (3)
C C D D S S S G G S S C G
• A total of 34 blocks were set • 2013 work was delayed due to necessary Hurricane Sandy repairs
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Sampling Grid
Sample Collector
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Sampling Grid
Top row was not submerged
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Sample Collection Post-sampled Area
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Control Grooved
Dimpled Grooved Shelf
Representative Samples
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Preliminary Results – Abundance – October 2012
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
Control
Dimpled
Grooved
Shelf
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Preliminary Conclusions Initial colonization greater for most groups
on grooved blocks ►Invertebrate Secondary Production Increase
Potential to provide juvenile fish refuge
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AshtabulaHarbor
Study Site
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Study Site
East Breakwater
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Ashtabula Project Schedule • Phase I Construction (2013)
• Aquatic habitat block installation • 250 sq ft of tern nesting habitat
• Phase II Construction (2014) • Aquatic and low growth vegetation habitat block installation • Additional 250 sq ft of tern nesting habitat
• Phase III Construction (2015 Planned) • Complete installation of habitat blocks
• Monitoring • Planned monitoring period 2014-2017 • No terns yet • Aquatic and low growth vegetation monitoring starting in 2015
• O&M of Tern Habitat • By The Nature Conservancy once USACE study is completed
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Tern Nesting Habitat New York Power Authority – Buffalo, NY
NYPA Tern Nesting Habitat
See http://niagara.nypa.gov/EcologicalStandingCommittee/EcoStanddefault.htm
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Ashtabula, OH Tern Nesting Blocks
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Phase I Tern Habitat
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Solar powered call box
Grooved texture on slope blocks
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Phase II Tern Habitat
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Nesting blocks turned to provide greater width
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Phase I
Phase II
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The USACE Team
•Tom Fredette (ERDC-EL) •Tony Friona (ERDC-EL) •Paul Bijhouwer (LRB) •Burton Suedel (ERDC-EL) •Rich Ruby (LRB) •Cynthia Banks (ERDC-EL) •Joan Clarke (ERDC-EL) •Cheryl Pollock (ERDC-CHL)
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Questions?
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