TEMA: PRIMEROS POBLADORES
Members :
Miguel Ángel Hernández Cruz – 1573027
Samuel Gerardo Varela Angles –
Yair Azael Aguilar Herrera – 1652330
Diana Iveth Rodríguez Sanchez – 1646497
Mario Reyes De Leon –
Miguel Marín Salinas Sánchez - 1528313 Date: 12/08/13
CHEROQUIS / CHEROKEE
‘’ THOSE LIVING IN THE MOUNTAINS’’-UNITED STATES POBLATED-
Their ability to survive
is due in part to its
unique features that
has allowed it to adapt
to changes without
losing their cultural
identity.
CHEROQUIS / CHEROKEE
Some physical
characteristics include
high cheekbones, nose
curve, reddish brown skin
and thick black hair. The
almond-shaped eyes and
strong look are
characteristic of these
Indians.
CHEROQUIS / CHEROKEE
They live in permanent settlements along riverbanks, farmed and hunted in the wild.
The Cherokee people believed that decisions affecting the whole tribe must be agreed and discussed as a group. The Cherokee treat each other with respect and believe that evil deeds are always punished, so they are very careful to avoid perform.
cherokees
The Cherokee people have
always been intensely
spiritual. A traditional way to
start the day is to look to the
east and to thank the seven
directions: the four cardinal
directions, as well as up,
down, center and the place
where the individual exists.
Numbers play an important role
in their religion, particularly the
fourth and seven, which are
associated with directions and
the number of traditional
Cherokee tribes. Seven is the
highest number of spiritual
attainment.
These Indians believed that
of all the animals on Earth,
only the owl and cougar had
attained this level are highly
regarded by the Cherokee.
The circle is sacred in the
religion of these tribes and
many of the religious dances
include circular motions, but
not all Cherokee practice their
traditional religion.
The first pilgrims who came to the United States of America came from England.These pilgrims left England on a ship called the "Mayflower"(Flor de mayo)
The Pilgrims believed they had to form communities that met more with the divine requirements. So committed to a life based on the Bible and a relationship with God.
At first they suffered much but were helped to survive by native Indians. Without the help of these people Indians, perhaps the first pilgrims had died.
After the first harvest, the pilgrims along with the native Indians celebrated the fruits of their labor by a celebration to date is still celebrated. This holiday is known as "Action to give thanks." (THANKSGIVING).
FIRST SETTLERS IN USA
The Cheyenne People
WHO ARE THE CHEYENNE PEOPLE?
Are an indigenous people of the Great Plains, belonging to the Algonquian language–
speaking people.
Cheyenne are made up of two Native American ethnic groupds, the Só'taeo'o (more
commonly spelled as Suhtai or Sutaio) and the Tsétsêhéstâhese (also spelled
Tsitsistas).
These tribes merged in the early 19th century. Today Cheyenne people are split into
two federally recognized groups: Southern Cheyenne, who are enrolled in the
Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes in Oklahoma, and the Northern Cheyenne, who are
enrolled in the Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian
Reservation in Montana.
WHAT DOES A CHEYENNE LOOK LIKE?
X ✔
CHARACTERISTICS.
Cheyenne Girl, photograph by Edward S. Curtis, 1930
Language.Speak the Cheyenne Language, known as Tsisinstsistots. The Cheyenne alphabet contains 14 letters. The Cheyenne language is one of the larger Algonquian language group.
The First Trace: mid-17 century, when a group of Cheyenne visited the French Fort Crevecoeur, near present-day Chicago, Illinois.
MORE CHARACTERISTICS.
Economy.The Cheyenne economy was based on collection of wild rice and hunting, especially of bison which lived in the prairies 70–80 miles west of the Cheyenne villages.
Religion.The beliefs of the Cheyenne Indians begins with the myth of Maheo.The Cheyenne Indians believe in a peaceful way of life. They live by the teachings of Motzeyout, commonly known as “Sweet Medicine”They have three rites, Renewal of Sacred Arrows, Animal dance and the Sun Dance.
QUALITIES…
The Mounted Warrior.The horse, who came to this area around 1750, helped them to become one of the largest tribes of western plains making them experts buffalo hunters and great warriors.
Oral Tradition, Pacifism and Political Organization.Their oral history relays how the prophet Sweet Medicine organized their war societies, their system of legal justice, and the Council of Fourty-Four chiefs. The ten bands have four leaders each, and the Council of Forty-Four meet to deliberate at regular tribal gatherings, centered around the Sun Dance.
CULTURAL HERITAGE…
Save the Culture.Currently there is a social program that helps to preserve the cultural heritage of the Cheyenne and Arapaho tribes.
The Website says:The Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes Culture and Heritage Program is responsible for the policies and programs that promote tribal content, foster cultural participation, active citizenship within the tribe and participation in traditional tribal life. We encourage youth participation and endeavor to strengthen connections among the tribal community worldwide. We also provide education on our traditions to the surrounding communities.
Cheyenne and Arapho tribes , website
CULTURAL HERITAGE…
Save the Culture.A few of the activities the Culture and Heritage program include• Cultural Dance/Traditional Dance• Traditional Singing of Cheyenne and Arapaho
Songs• Pow-Wows• Horse Culture, Management, Horseback
riding/trail riding and parade participation with tribal representation
• Buffalo Cultural, Management and Educational Activities
• Traditional Running Events, Sand Creek Run and the Buffalo Run
• Language Activities, Traditional Arts, Language Immersion Camps, Workshops
• Annual Tribal Council Meetings
Traditional Dance.
Features :
• It was a civilization of Mesoamerica.
• Great scientists.
• They used astrology and architecture to build his
pyramid.
• Much of the population was dedicated to agricultural
days, so proper clothing used to the conditions, and the
social level depended clothing.
• There were family houses where they lived parents and
adopted children who old or young members of the
family or outside it.
• The woman had high positions in society and some
were rulers.
Mexican village ‘’ Mayan culture’’
QUALITIES• The importance of the cycles of
time
• Tracking the cycles of time, with
its consequences in existence
through calendrical management is
an essential part of the Mayan
culture. As authorities were killed
Maya populations, managing
calendars rested with the common
people began to omit essential
aspects for accuracy. This process
began at different times in different
populations, according to the
progress of conquest, producing
different calendrical distortions in
each region.
• The end of a great cycle
• Since then humanity went
through a period of profound
change due to the completion
of several large cycles of time,
corresponding to several
Mayan calendars. This era will
have its focal point the final
December 21, 2012, when 5200
ends a cycle of tunes (tun =
360 days), approximately 5125
years solar.
CULTURAL HERITAGE OF THE MAYA.
The Maya, discoverers of ZERO, astronomical observers, science and knowledge are to this day considered by NASA.Not just a building (the Castle of Chichen Itza) is of immense value, the cultural heritage of the Maya covers the entire central region of the Americas. At least in Yucatan there are 3 major cities built by the Maya (Mayapan, Uxmal and Chichen Itza).
AZTECSFeatures:
-The Aztec economy was based on the cultivation of the land, ie agriculture.-The main crops are corn, snuff, chilies, fruit and agave.Qualities: -The Aztecs used the culture system known as chinampas, and with this system had land to water. They were made as follows: four stakes
ahuehuete dug in wetlands, forming a rectangle. I filled with rods and strips of
grass and covered with mud, rooting cuttings and retained land on the edges. The
absorbed chinampa lake water and sludge compost was used, in this way several times a
year planted.
ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION
The economy was prosperous. First, their control over other peoples
have allowed labor intensive. The Aztec economic organization was
governed by the "Calpulli" which was a group of families, which were
assigned an amount of land to work it and the production was divided
among the families, the state, the chief priests and Calpulli . Moreover,
the collection of tribute did the Aztecs they had abundant raw
materials and products.
LEGACY OF THE AZTECS
-The Aztec calendar is a great heritage a sign of a
very advanced culture.
-The chinampa is an invention Aztec is to create
an artificial island and beat well ground water.
-The pyramids pointing angle around the sun.
cThanks for your
attention
THE OLMECS
OLMECS
The Olmec were the first major
civilization in Mexico. They lived
in the tropical lowlands of south-
central Mexico, in the modern-day
states of Veracruz and Tabasco.
The most familiar aspect of the
Olmecs is their artwork, particularly
the aptly named “colossal heads".
The Olmec civilization was first
defined through artifacts which
collectors purchased on the pre-
Columbian art market in the late
19th century and early 20th century.
Olmec artworks are considered
among ancient America's most
striking.
PRE-COLUMBIAN ART.
The Olmecs produced jade
figurines, and created heavy-
featured, colossal heads, up to
2 meters (8 ft) high, that still
stand mysteriously in the
landscape. The Mesoamerican
tradition of building large
ceremonial centres appears to
have begun under the Olmecs.
COLOSSAL HEADS
The Olmec colossal heads are at least seventeen monumental stone
representations of human heads sculpted from large basalt boulders.
The heads date from at least before 900 BC and are a distinctive
feature of the Olmec civilization of ancient Mesoamerica.
All portray mature men with fleshy cheeks, flat noses, and slightly
crossed eyes; their physical characteristics correspond to a type that is
still common among the inhabitants of
Tabasco and Veracruz.
The boulders were brought from the Sierra de los Tuxtlas mountains
of Veracruz. Given that the extremely large slabs of stone used in their
production were transported over large distances, requiring a great
deal of human effort and resources, it is thought that the monuments
re present portraits of powerful individual Olmec rulers.
Each of the known examples has a distinctive headdress. The heads
were variously arranged in lines or groups at major Olmec centres, but
the method and logistics used to transport the stone to these sites
remain unclear.
OLMEC HEARTLAND.
The Olmec heartland is the southern portion of Mexico's Gulf Coast
region between the Tuxtla mountains and the Olmec archaeological
site of La Venta, extending roughly 80 km (50 mi) inland from the Gulf
of Mexico coastline at its deepest. It is today, as it was during the
height of the Olmec civilization, a tropical lowland forest environment,
crossed by meandering rivers.
The major heartland sites are:• San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán• La Venta• Tres Zapotes• Laguna de los Cerros - the least researched and least important of the
major sites.
Smaller sites include:• El Manatí, an Olmec sacrificial bog.• El Azuzul, on the southern edge of the San Lorenzo area.• San Andrés, near La Venta.
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