Muscles at the HIP
Actions at the Hip
• Flexion
• Extension
• Medial (internal) rotation
• Lateral (external) rotation
• Abduction
• Adduction
• Circumduction
Abduction and Adduction
Medial and Lateral rotation
Muscles that produce flexion at the hip
• Iliopsoas (Iliacus and Psoas major)
• Sartorius*
• Rectus femoris*
• Tensor fasciae latae*
• Pectinius (assists)
– *These muscles are two-joint muscles, also acting at the knee
Iliopsoas: Iliacus and Psoas Major
• Origin:– Iliacus: Illium
– Psoas major: Lumbar vertebrae and sacrum
• Insertion:– Lesser trochanter of the
femur and just below
• Actions:– Flexion at the hip
– External or lateral rotation at the hip
Iliacus muscle
Psoas major
Sartorius
• Origin:– Anterior superior iliac
spine
• Insertion:– Anterior-medial aspect
of the tibia
• Actions:– Flexion at the hip
– External (lateral) rotation at the hip
– Flexion at the knee
Rectus Femoris
• Origin:
– Anterior inferior iliac
spine (ilium)
• Insertion:– Patella, patellar tendon,
tibial tuberosity
• Actions:
– Flexion at the hip
– Extension at the knee
Rectus Femoris
Tensor fascia latae
• Origin:
– Iliac crest (Illium)
• Insertion:
– Iliotibial tract
• Actions:
– Flexion of the hip
– Abduction of the hip
– Slight internal rotation
at the hip
Tensor Fascia Latae
Muscles that produce Extension at
the Hip
• Gluteus maximus
• Semitendinosus*
• Semimembranosis*
• Biceps femoris*
• *These muscles are two-joint muscles that also act at the knee
Gluteus maximus
• Origin:
– Posterior illium,
sacrum, and coccyx
• Insertion:
– Femur, ITB
• Actions:
– Extension at the hip
– External (lateral)
rotation at the hip
Semitendinosus
• Origin:– Ishial tuberosity
• Insertion:– Anterior/medial aspect
of tibia
• Actions:– Extension at the hip
– Internal/medial rotation at the hip
– Flexion at the knee
– Internal/medial rotation of flexed knee
Semimembranosus
• Origin:– Ishial tuberosity
• Insertion:– Posterior/medial
aspect of tibia
• Actions:– Extension at the hip
– Internal/medial rotation at the hip
– Flexion at the knee
– Internal/medial rotation of flexed knee
Biceps femoris
• Origins:– Ishial tuberosity
– Femur (linea aspera)
• Insertion:– Lateral condyle of tibia
and head of fibula
• Actions:– Extension at the hip
– External/lateral rotation at the hip
– Flexion at the knee
– External/lateral rotation of flexed knee
Muscles that Abduct at the hip
• Tensor fascia latae
• Gluteus medius
• Gluteus minimus
Gluteus medius
• Origin:– Lateral surface of ilium
• Insertion:– Greater trochanter of
femur
• Actions:– Abduction at the hip
– External/lateral rotation (posterior) at hip
– Internal/medial rotation (anterior) at hip
Gluteus minimus
• Origin:
– Lateral surface of ilium
• Insertion:
– Greater trochanter of
femur
• Actions:
– Abduction at the hip
– Internal/medial rotation
at the hip
Muscles that Adduct at the Hip
• Adductor magnus
• Adductor longus
• Adductor brevis
• Gracilis*
• Pectineus
• * a two-joint muscle that also acts at the
knee*
Adductor Magnus
• Origin:
– Pubis and ishium
• Insertion:
– Linea aspera of the
femur
• Actions:
– Adduction at the hip
– External/lateral
rotation at the hip
Adductor Longus
• Origin:
– Anterior aspect of
Pubis
• Insertion:
– Linea aspera of femur
• Actions:
– Adduction at the hip
– Assists with flexion at
the hip (if combined
with adduction)
Adductor Brevis
• Origin:
– Pubis (inferior ramus)
• Insertion:
– Linea aspera of the
femur
• Actions:
– Adduction at the hip
– External/lateral
rotation at the hip
Gracilis
• Origin:– Pubis (inferior
ramus)
• Insertion:– Anterior/medial
aspect of the tibia
• Actions:– Adduction at the
hip
– Internal/medial rotation at the hip
– Flexion at the knee
Pectinius• Origin:
– Pubis (superior
ramus)
• Insertion:
– Posterior femur
• Actions:
– Adduction at the hip
– Flexion at the hip
– Internal/medial
rotation at the hip
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