MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards
First Printing, February 2014© 2014 Motorcycle Safety Foundation, Inc.All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF). Under no circumstances may the material be reproduced for resale. Please send request in writing to the Motorcycle Safety Foundation, 2 Jenner, Suite 150, Irvine, California 92618.
Since 1973, the Motorcycle Safety Foundation has set internationally recognized standards that promote the safety of motorcyclists with rider education courses, operator licensing tests, and public information programs. The MSF works with the federal government, state agencies, the military, and others to offer training for all skill levels so riders can enjoy a lifetime of safe, responsible riding. The MSF is a not-for-profit organization sponsored by BMW, BRP, Ducati, Harley-Davidson, Honda, Kawasaki, KTM, Piaggio, Suzuki, Triumph, Victory and Yamaha. For RiderCourseSM locations, call 800.446.9227 or visit msf-usa.org.
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 1
INTRODUCTION: The MSF BRC RiderCourseSM 2014 update curriculum is designed to be an effective and enjoyable training experience for participants who have little or no experience riding a motorcycle. The primary task of a RiderCoachSM is to ensure a positive learning environment consistent with the standards and principles of this curriculum and the RiderCoach certification process.
ACTION STEPS: Each of the range cards contains a numbered sequence of action steps. Each action step has supporting information. In many cases, this information is in a format that can be read to the participants; however, the information may be paraphrased as long as key information is not omitted.
SIMULATED-PRACTICE DEMONSTRATION: A RiderCoach activity provided to participants prior to their simulated practice activity. It is used in select exercises.
SIMULATED PRACTICE: A technique that provides riders with the opportunity to experience elements of a procedure. It provides a cognitive and motor skill connection that can accelerate skill development. Simulated practice must be used when stated and may be used for remedial purposes. Simulated practice is an engine-off activity, and riders keep their feet on the ground.
EXERCISE TIMES: The time allotted for each exercise is typical for new riders. RiderCoaches should end an exercise after riders have had the opportunity to practice the skills and have achieved the objective sufficiently to continue. Actual time may be shorter or longer.
COACHING POSITIONS: Coaching positions on the exercise diagrams are general areas from which to observe and communicate. Positions should be adjusted as necessary to supervise the range and to facilitate learning.
REFLECTION: At the end of each exercise, a RiderCoach should ask learner-centered questions to ensure all riders have self-assessed and understand the significance of the skills they have practiced.
Using These Cards
Disclaimer: These range cards are to be used only by MSF-certified RiderCoaches.
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Range Equipment and Materials• Air Tank/Pump• Chalk• Clipboard (pens/pencils)• Cones (many small plus 12 larger)• Emergency Numbers• Fire Extinguisher • First Aid Kit• Fuel and Oil• Incident Report Form(s)• Obstacles (4): 2”x 4” or 2" x 6" (6'-8' long)• Range Cards • Skill Test Score Sheet• Stopwatch • Tools• Trash Bags• Whistle
Pre-Ride Information• Check participants' protective gear• Perform T-CLOCS of training motorcycles (including student-owned)• Check area and surface conditions
Equipment, Materials, Information
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ITEM MINUTES
Pre-Exercise 1 Activities 30
Level I
Exercise 1: Motorcycle Familiarization 35-40
Exercise 2: Using the Friction Zone 35-40
BREAK
Exercise 3: Starting & Stopping Drill 30-35
Exercise 4: Shifting & Stopping 35-40
BREAK
Exercise 5: Basic Skill Practice 35-40
Exercise 6: Pressing to Initiate and Adjust Lean 30-35
BREAK
Exercise 7: Stopping More Quickly & Tight Turns from a Stop 30-35
Exercise 8: Stopping Distance Demonstration 10-15
Level II
Exercise 9: Limited-Space Maneuvers 35-40
Exercise 10: Stopping in a Curve 30-35
BREAK
Exercise 11: Curve Judgment 35-40
Exercise 12: Multiple Curves & Lane Changes 35-40
BREAK
Exercise 13: Crossing an Obstacle & Swerving 25-30
Exercise 14: Skill Practice 20-25
BREAK
Skill Test 55-65
Note: Additional breaks are to be provided as needed.
Exercises
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If course begins with formal classroom activities, it may be possible to eliminate some action steps.
30 Minutes
1. Ensure paperwork is properly completed2. Ensure range is ready3. Ensure motorcycles are ready4. Ensure motorcycles are in position for Ex. 1
• Consider Ex. 1 action steps #8 and #155. Ensure riders know course schedule and facility
locations6. Provide riders with proper protective gear as needed,
and ensure proper fit• Show how to use a helmet, including chin strap and
visor7. Ensure riders know
• Complete attendance is required• Must be successful on the skill test• Course is not a guarantee of safety• A rider may opt out of riding if uncomfortable but
cannot continue unless each exercise is successfully completed
• Pace reasonably accommodates people with varied abilities and motivation1) Capability to develop motor skills and sufficient
motivation assumed2) Riders should not attempt to keep up with others
if they are not ready• Riders are counseled out if it becomes apparent
their risk is too great8. Note overall range area and any special features9. Briefly describe general sequence for range exercises
• There are 14 exercises before the skill test. The exercises give you a step-by-step, building block process for learning to ride. Breaks are provided.
• Here is what happens in each exercise:1) Your RiderCoach gives you the name of the
exercise and its objective. Listen closely to the objective because it will help you focus your learning.
2) The general range setup will be described so you know what parts of the range are used.
3) You will be given specific instructions and a demonstration of where to go and what to do.
Pre-exercise 1 Activities
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4) A RiderCoach will provide you with timely tips to help you with the proper path of travel as well as with riding procedures and techniques.
5) Many exercises include practice on the motorcycle with the engine off prior to actually riding. These simulated practices have you think about actions you will use.
• Upon exercise completion, you may be asked questions like:
– What went well and why? – Are you ready for the next exercise?
These questions help you understand the value of the skill and develop the habit of thinking and reflecting about your riding. You are encouraged to ask questions at any time. Future success requires self-assessment.
10. Read range safety rules These are the range safety rules. They help keep learning positive. You must follow these rules:
1) Do not practice without RiderCoach permission. 2) Always wear all your protective gear when seated
on the motorcycle, even when the engine is off. 3) Know the location of the engine cut-off switch
and how to use it. 4) Keep the clutch lever covered during early skill
development (especially the first few exercises). This is because a quick squeeze of the clutch lever will remove engine power from the rear wheel. Always be prepared to reach and squeeze it.
5) If you start to accelerate out of control, squeeze in the clutch lever and apply the brakes.
6) Be ready to roll off the throttle to use the front brake lever. Keep your fingers around the throttle with your wrist flat to help with handlebar and throttle control.
7) Keep a time-and-space margin of safety; check front, sides, and rear before moving out.
8) Yield to other riders as necessary. 9) Use courtesy and cooperation when sharing the
range.10) Do not pass other riders unless directed to do so.11) If you have a problem, move out of the path of
travel if you can, and stop. A RiderCoach will assist you.
12) Stop smoothly in position if you see or hear a
Pre-exercise 1 Activities
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PRE-EXERCISE 1 ACTIVITIES
group stop signal.13) If you get behind in an exercise, do not hurry your
actions to catch up. Take your time.14) If you have a tip-over, do not pick up the
motorcycle. Be sure the engine is off. A RiderCoach will help.
15) If you do not understand an exercise or become too uncomfortable to ride it safely, let a RiderCoach know.
11. Acquaint riders with primary range signals• Engine start• Engine stop• Ready • Stop• Speed up• Slow down• Increase space• Stage
DESCRIPTION
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PRE-EXERCISE 1 ACTIVITIES
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35-40 minutes: Static demo
1. Assign a motorcycle to each rider• Have motorcycles grouped together and positioned
for easy transition to Ex. 2• Consider action steps #8 & #15• Have motorcycles in neutral• Help each rider with protective gear• Ensure size/fit of protective gear and motorcycle
2. Read objectives• To properly operate important controls and parts• To use good posture
3. Provide instructions as riders walk around motorcycle• Protective gear is not needed• Have riders identify controls and parts (*indicates
controls to be manipulated briefly) – Primary controls• Handlebars & handgrips• Throttle* (twists and snaps back)• Front brake lever* (squeezed, not grabbed)• Rear brake lever* (pressed, not stomped)• Clutch lever* (controlled release, not popped
out)• Shift lever*
– Have riders use a hand to move the shift lever slightly to see how it resets
– Instrument cluster• Speedometer• Odometer• Tachometer & red zone
– Ignition switch & positions – Engine cutoff switch – High/low beam switch – Mirror(s) – Stands – Fuel valve and its positions (note differences on models as needed)
– Choke – Engine and exhaust (hot parts) – Drive mechanism
4. With protective gear on, have riders mount• Mount from left side• Squeeze front brake lever when mounting• Upright motorcycle, square handlebars, raise stand,
Exercise 1: Motorcycle Familiarization
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and assume good posture• Point out good posture
– Back straight & eyes up – Knees and elbows in – Arms relaxed and bent – Fingers around throttle with flat wrist – Clutch lever covered
• Lean motorcycle slightly to left and right to feel its weight
• Turn the handlebars full left and full right and back to center (square the bars)
5. Have riders manipulate the following• Throttle
– With wrist flat, roll on fully and roll off – With wrist flat, roll on half and roll off – With wrist flat, roll on quarter turn and roll off – With wrist flat and without turning the throttle, turn handlebars full right and full left and back to center
• Front brake lever – Squeeze and release – Practice roll-on/off and front brake lever squeeze
• Engine cut-off switch• Electric start button• Clutch lever
– A primary control and important for safety – Squeeze, and slowly release – Squeezing in the lever will remove power from the rear wheel
– If you accelerate and are losing control, squeeze in the clutch lever and use the brakes
• Compare clutch lever and front brake lever use – Clutch lever can be squeezed all the way in – Front brake lever is like a bicycle brake, but more powerful
• Choke• Fuel supply valve• Shift lever• Rear brake pedal• Ignition switch
– Turn to on position – Operate turn signals – Operate high/low beam headlight – Operate horn
Exercise 1: Motorcycle Familiarization
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Exercise 1: Motorcycle Familiarization
– Turn to off position
6. Have riders put stand down fully and dismount• Have handlebars in full-lock position
7. Have riders mount and with engine off, practice finding neutral with eyes up as much as possible• Tell riders to use firm but gentle pressure when
using the shift lever• Show neutral signal and have riders roll motorcycle
back and forth several inches with clutch lever released
• Squeeze clutch lever, shift down to first gear and let lever reset, slowly release clutch lever, and attempt to roll motorcycle back and forth
• Squeeze clutch lever, half-shift up to neutral, slowly release clutch lever, roll motorcycle back and forth
• Squeeze clutch lever, shift up to 2nd gear and let lever reset, slowly release clutch lever, and attempt to roll motorcycle back and forth
• Squeeze clutch lever, half-shift down to neutral, slowly release clutch lever, and roll motorcycle back and forth (Repeat as needed)
8. Have riders move motorcycle forward and backward 5-10 feet• Riders should check the area behind them but do
not need to look behind the whole time• Riders reach and gently squeeze the front brake
lever to stop (Repeat as needed)9. Have riders put stand down fully and dismount10. Provide engine start up & engine shut down
procedures (FINE-C & Thumb/Key/Valve)11. Show engine start up and engine shut down signals12. Have riders mount and when signaled, start engine
and shut down engine• Use FINE-C (fuel valve, ignition, neutral, engine cut-
off, choke/clutch lever)• Start up engine and allow it to warm• Adjust choke as necessary• Practice slight throttle roll-on and roll-off
– Stress flat wrist and minimal throttle twist• Shut down engine (Thumb/Key/Valve)• Stand fully down and dismount (Repeat as needed)
13. Reflection• What do you do if you start to lose control?
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Exercise 1: Motorcycle Familiarization
• Are you ready for the next exercise?14. From the left side of the motorcycle, provide a static
demo of stopping with front wheel straight and handlebars square versus front wheel turned (no riding gear needed by RiderCoach)• Show how the motorcycle wants to fall if the
handlebars are not square15. Prepare riders for next exercise
• Have riders mount and straddle walk to start position including response for loss of control
– Have riders mount and in small groups straddle walk to the start position for Ex. 2
– Have riders practice responding to stop signal by quickly squeezing clutch lever, and smoothly using front brake lever
– Reinforce having handlebars square at stop points
Plot Plan 120x220 12 students
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35-40 minutes: Riding demo, Simulated-practice demo, Simulated practice, 3 parts
1. Read objective• To be able to use the friction zone with control
2. Explain range setup• Individual lanes back and forth across range
marked by 2 cones3. Provide instructions
Part 1: Group rocking – On signal, mount and start engine – On signal, squeeze clutch lever and shift to 1st gear
– On signal, use friction zone to rock back-and-forth in place repeatedly
– Do not release clutch lever fully – Use minimal throttle
Part 2: Power walking – On signal, power walk in path of travel (feet down while using engine power to move)
– Do not release clutch lever fully• To it, not through it
– Keep feet on ground, not on footrests• Let the engine do the work
– Vary speed by using friction zone – Upon reaching target cone, squeeze clutch lever fully and use front brake lever smoothly to stop
– Shift to neutral, releasing clutch lever very slowly to be sure neutral was found, and raise left hand
– On signal, turn motorcycle around to face other direction in lane
– On signal, shift to 1st gear and repeat power walk back to original cone and stop
– Repeat process until signaled for part 3
Part 3: Riding – On signal, slowly ride from start cone to target cone
– Start out by power walking a few steps, placing feet on footrests when able
– Stop at target cone by squeezing the clutch lever and using brakes
– Work toward putting left foot down first when stopping
Exercise 2: Using the Friction Zone
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– Turn around in neutral as before and repeat
4. Provide demo of posture5. Provide demo of the 3 parts
• Note evaluations and provide signals – Keep right wrist flat and use little or no throttle – Keep throttle off when turning around (no engine rev)
– Keep clutch lever covered – Keep head and eyes up as much as possible – Keep fingers curled around throttle until front brake lever is needed
– Do not hurry – Maintain a time-and-space safety margin
6. Provide simulated-practice demo of clutch lever use and friction zone area (stress pausing in friction zone during release)
7. Provide simulated practice8. Conduct exercise as a group
• During part 1, be quick to help riders who need individual attention and coaching
• Before starting part 2, ensure each rider has good friction zone control
• Before starting part 3, ensure each rider varies speed with friction zone, not throttle
• In part 3, only a couple of “ride” segments are needed as more will be provided in Ex. 3
• Be quick to help riders who fall behind and may try to hurry their actions
9. Stage riders• Stage in middle of range, with half in each direction
to permit left turn to start Ex. 310. Reflection
• What is the value in taking a couple of steps whenever starting out?
• How often is “to it, not through it” going to be needed?
• How is clutch lever use coordinated with throttle use?
Exercise 2: Using the Friction Zone
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Exercise 2: Using the Friction Zone
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Exercise 2: Using the Friction Zone
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30-35 minutes: Riding demo, 2 parts
1. Read objectives• To be able to use the friction zone and brakes to
control the motorcycle• To be able to start out and stop with precision and
control2. Explain range setup
• 2 lanes of cones on each side of range for a total of 4 lanes
3. Provide instructionsPart 1: Stop at each cone
– On signal, power walk to a start cone – When the next cone is open, start out and stop smoothly at the next cone
– Power walk until feet can be easily placed on the footrests
– After stopping at the last cone in a row, check for an open spot on other side of range
– Power walk to an open start cone on other side
– Watch for other riders near your path of travel – Repeat until signaled otherwise
Part 2: Ride to last cone and stop – On signal, we will stop in groups at the beginning of a lane
– On signal and one at a time, use the same path of travel and stop at the last cone
– Get in a line on other side of range – On signal, ride to stage area – On signal, shut down engine – On signal, dismount
4. Provide demo, including stage area• Note evaluations and provide signals
– Keep control of motorcycle – Use clutch lever properly – Keep head and eyes up as much as possible – Start out and stop smoothly and precisely – Square the handlebars at stops – For part 2, gain some speed and roll off throttle prior to braking
– Maintain a time-and-space safety margin
5. Conduct exercise
Exercise 3: Starting & Stopping Drill
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 17
• Riders who have sufficient control are not required to power walk from one side to the other
• When riders demonstrate control in part 1, have them stop in two single-file lines at the beginning of the lanes on each side
• Conduct part 2 – Stress the value of squaring the bars when stopping
– Ensure use of both brakes to stop – Coach riders to gain some speed in the straightaway
– Have riders maintain pace until near stopping area (to remain stable and use firm brake pressure)
6. Stage riders7. Reflection
• When can the feet be placed on the footrests?• Did the motorcycle accelerate like you thought it
would?
Exercise 3: Starting & Stopping Drill
20 cones
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35-40 minutes: Riding demo, Simulated-practice demo, Simulated practice
1. Read objective• To be able to shift gears and stop smoothly
2. Explain range setup• 2 clutch-control lanes down the middle path of the
range• A shift-stop lane on the long sides of the range• A perimeter turn after stop
3. Provide instructions• On signal, ride down the middle path to practice
low-speed clutch lever and throttle control in the two clutch-control lanes
– As directed, stop at the beginning of a shift-stop lane
– On signal and one at a time, ride down the lane, shift to 2nd gear, and release clutch lever
– As you approach the stop point, squeeze in the clutch lever and downshift to 1st gear
– Keep the clutch lever squeezed and stop with the front tire between the stop cones
– Remain stopped for coaching – On signal, slowly make the perimeter turn and proceed to the middle path to practice in the clutch-control lanes
– After the clutch-control lanes, turn right or left to get into shorter line (be sure to use both sides)
– On signal, ride to the stage area
4. With riders at a stop point, provide demo (make the 3-step shifting process clear by making the steps distinguishable – do not shift quickly – have a slight pause between each step)• Note evaluations and provide signals
– Keep eyes up – When starting out, take a few steps before placing feet on footrests
– When stopped behind someone, leave a time-and-space safety margin
– In the clutch-control lanes• Work toward a very low speed that requires
use of the friction zone• Do not fully release clutch lever
– When shifting and stopping• Be smooth and precise
Exercise 4: Shifting & Stopping
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 19
• Use both brakes gently to stop• Put left foot down first• Keep clutch lever squeezed after downshifting
to 1st gear – Avoid engine braking, which is releasing the clutch lever after a downshift, as this results in a brake-like response
– For the perimeter turn after stop• Use good clutch lever and throttle
coordination• Keep head and eyes up, looking at your
intended path• Stay within the marked area
– Maintain a time-and-space safety margin
5. Provide simulated-practice demo of 3-part upshifting and downshifting to a stop procedure (feet stay on ground)
6. Provide simulated practice (Keep feet on ground)• For upshifting
1) Roll off throttle and squeeze clutch lever2) Lift shift lever (not actually done in this simulated
practice)3) Release clutch lever and roll on throttle (if
needed)• For downshifting to a stop
1) Roll off throttle and squeeze clutch lever2) Press shift lever (not actually done in this
simulated practice)3) Keep clutch lever squeezed and then apply brakes
7. Conduct exercise• Coach riders in their first pass through the clutch-
control lanes• Equally divide riders• Remind riders to start out one at a time• Encourage riders to maintain pace until near
stopping area (so they can remain stable and learn effective braking pressure)
• Remind riders to complete perimeter turns after stop• Observe and evaluate riders as they make the
perimeter turn and use the clutch-control lanes• Call the next rider as the stop space opens• Ensure riders practice on both sides
8. Stage riders
Exercise 4: Shifting & Stopping
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Exercise 4: Shifting & Stopping
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• Stop riders in place• Have each group stage
9. Reflection• How precise were your shifts?• What would you do differently if we repeated the
exercise?
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 21
Exercise 5:Basic Skill Practice
35-40 minutes: Riding demo, Simulated-practice demo, Simulated practice, 2 parts: Full group & split, Reversal for part 2
1. Read objectives• To refine low-speed maneuvering skills• To refine throttle use and brake manipulation for
corners
2. Explain range setup Part 1: Middle path, weaves, and perimeter turns
– Middle path: a pause-n-go and a clutch-control lane
– Perimeter turns to enter long sides – On one side: straight line weaves and perimeter turns
– On other side: an offset weave and perimeter turns
Part 2: Outside perimeter corners – Along the sides and near the four corners of the range
3. Provide instructionsPart 1: Middle path, weaves, and perimeter
turns (full group) – On signal, ride down the middle path of the range and complete the pause-n-go and clutch-control lane
– Do a perimeter turn onto long side – On the long sides, weave around the cones starting on the outside of the first cone
– Slow at the end and make a perimeter turn – Check traffic, repeat the middle path, and use both sides
– On signal, stop in middle of range, then return to stage
Part 2: Outside perimeter corners (in split groups)
– On signal, ride the perimeter counterclockwise – On signal, stop and return to stage – On signal, ride the perimeter clockwise – On signal, stop and return to stage
4. Provide demo• Note evaluations and provide signalsPart 1: Middle path, weaves, and perimeter turns
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– Use appropriate gear – Coordinate throttle, clutch lever, and brake use – Use rear brake only as appropriate – Keep head and eyes up – Maintain a good following distance – Check for traffic – Maintain safety margins
Part 2: Outside perimeter corners – Accelerate briskly in the straightaways and slow with throttle roll-off and/or brakes before the corners
– Use appropriate gear and speed – Maintain safety margins
5. Provide simulated-practice demo of handlebar turn, friction zone use, and throttle use (both left/right)
6. Provide simulated practice
7. Conduct part 1 with full group and stage• Encourage progressively lower speed in clutch-
control lane
8. Conduct part 2 with split groups and reversal• Group A counterclockwise while Group B observes• Group B counterclockwise while Group A observes• Group A clockwise while Group B observes• Group B clockwise while Group A observes
9. Stage riders
10. Reflection• What helped you control the motorcycle with the
handlebars turned?• How did you use your eyes for the weave versus
the turns/corners?
Exercise 5: Basic Skill Practice
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 23
Exercise 5:Basic Skill Practice
32 + 4 cones
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30-35 minutes: Riding demo, Simulated-practice demo, Simulated practice, Split and full group, Reversal
1. Read objectives• To lay the foundation for negotiating curves• To recognize the effects of handgrip pressure and
handlebar movement to initiate and adjust lean2. Explain range setup
• A path down each long side of the perimeter• 2 gates in the middle
3. Provide instructions• On signal, ride to the start point• On signal and one at a time when called by a
RiderCoach, approach the curve in 2nd gear at about 15 mph
• Have a suitable approach speed to be able to slow to a good entry speed
• Press to initiate and adjust lean• Use a smooth arc to ride through the far gate• Get back in line unless signaled to stop by a
RiderCoach• The exercise will also be run to the right• On signal, return to stage• When the full group rides, begin when the rider in
front of you passes the large cone4. With riders at cue cone, provide demo
• Note evaluations and provide signals – Shift only in straightaways – Keep head and eyes up, searching throughout path of travel
– Control the motorcycle smoothly – Slow as needed with throttle roll-off or use of both brakes before the curve
– Have a good entry speed so there is no slowing in the curve
– If entry speed was good, maintain or increase speed through curve
– Avoid revving or lugging the engine – Maintain a time-and-space safety margin
5. Provide a simulated-practice demo of “search and press” in each direction
6. Provide simulated practice7. Conduct exercise
• Divide riders into 2 groups; one group rides while
Exercise 6: Pressing to Initiate and Adjust Lean
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 25
other observes – Group A rides left and right 2 or 3 laps while Group B observes
– Group B rides left and right 2 or 3 laps while Group A observes
• Full-group session – After 2nd group finishes the path to the right and is stopped, send other group to join for a full group session; both groups go right several laps, then left several laps
– Have each rider start when the rider ahead passes the tall cone
– Pull out riders who need verbal coaching – As much as possible, transition from slow-look-press-roll to search-setup-smooth
8. Stage riders9. Reflection
• How did you determine your approach speed?• How did you determine your entry speed?• What happens when entry speed is too high?
16 + 6 cones
Exercise 6: Pressing to Initiate and Adjust Lean
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30-35 minutes: Riding demo, Simulated-practice demo, Simulated practice, 2 parts
1. Read objectives• To develop a feel for progressive braking pressure
to stop more quickly• To complete a turn from a stop
2. Explain range setup• A stop lane and perimeter corner on each long
side of range• 2 crisscross pause-n-gos in the middle to switch
sides
3. Briefly discuss motorcycle weight shift and brake pressure adjustment• Have riders rub foot on pavement lightly, then with
more pressure, to illustrate how loading front tire increases traction
• Note too much brake pressure may cause a skid
4. Provide instructionsPart 1: Use cue cones to begin quick stop
– On signal, ride down the middle path of the range (do not use pause-n-gos) to the beginning of a stop lane
– On signal and one at a time, approach stopping area around 15 mph in 2nd gear
– As front wheel passes the cue cones, downshift and keep the clutch lever squeezed
– Make a stop with firm pressure on the brake controls• Keep speed low at first• Use gentle-to-firmer brake pressure as exercise
progresses – Once coached, make the perimeter turn – Use the closest pause-n-go first to cross to other side of range
Part 2: Use RiderCoach signal to begin quick stop, and stop again for a tight turn from a stop
– Stop when signaled – Stop again inside perimeter turn at designated point and complete a tight turn from a stop
5. With class near the end of a stop lane, provide demo• Note evaluations and provide signals
Exercise 7: Stopping More Quickly & Tight Turns from A Stop
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 27
– Keep head and eyes up – Use controls smoothly and precisely – For stops• Use brakes smoothly and firmly without
grabbing the front brake lever or stomping the rear brake pedal
• Adjust brake pressure as necessary – If rear wheel locks, use less pressure next time
– If front wheel locks, immediately release pressure and reapply with less pressure
• Tight turn from a stop – Turn handlebars in direction of turn – Keep both feet down and power walk the first few steps
– Keep head and eyes up looking through turn• Pause-n-gos
– Check traffic with a head check• Maintain safety margins
– Within skill level – Within tire and surface limits – Within time and space limits
6. Provide simulated-practice demo of front brake lever use
7. Provide simulated practice• Have riders use front brake lever on your signal• Ensure no rider is grabbing the front brake lever
– Roll off to reach and gently squeeze to begin
8. Conduct exercise• Start by distributing riders equally to start points• Ensure riders wait until cue cones to begin stopping
procedure• For part 2, cue cones may be removed
9. Stage riders
10. Reflection• How much pressure did you use on the front brake
lever and the rear brake pedal?• How comfortable are you with making a tight turn
from a stop?
Exercise 7: Stopping More Quickly & Tight Turns from A Stop
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12+12 cones
Exercise 7: Stopping More Quickly & Tight Turns from A Stop
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Exercise 7: Stopping More Quickly & Tight Turns from A Stop
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10-15 minutes: Demo only
1. Read objective• To demonstrate the reaction/braking parts of total
stopping distance – To show effects of speed – To show results for intersections
2. Briefly review the 3 parts of total stopping distance• Perception, reaction, braking• Point out last exercise was mostly braking distance
only
3. Explain range setup• A lane that runs diagonally across range• Cue cones
4. Provide instructions• Observe demonstration• Discuss observations
5. RiderCoach demonstrations• 1st and 2nd runs
– At a speed of 15 mph, demo rider makes a quick stop using cue cones
– Place cone to show stop point – Tell riders the run will be repeated at 15 mph but with around a one-second delay to provide “perception/reaction” time
– Before the 2nd run, have rider(s) place a cone where they think the stop point will be
– Complete 2nd run and leave motorcycle in place at stop point
– Discuss results• 3rd and 4th runs
– At a speed of 25 mph, demo rider makes a quick stop using cue cones
– Place cone to show stop point – Mark stop point with chalk or cones to denote an intersection entrance
– Tell riders the run will be repeated at 25 mph but with around a one-second delay
– Before the 4th run, have rider(s) place a cone where they think the stop point will be
– Complete 4th run and leave motorcycle in place at stop point
– Discuss results, using intersection marks to
Exercise 8: Stopping Distance Demonstration
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 31
highlight perception/reaction distances
6. Reflection• Will this demonstration change the way you
approach intersections?• Is it better to have good skill with the eyes and
mind or the hands and feet?• How does perception/reaction distance affect entry
speed for curves?Notes
• Typical time for perception/reaction time in traffic is at best 0.75 to 1.50 seconds
• RiderCoaches and riders should be well away from demo path of travel
• Have riders notice front end dip (front tire loading) during demonstrations
Note: Adapted with permission from ADAC, Germany
2 cones
Exercise 8: Stopping Distance Demonstration
RC
RC
NOTE for 3rd run: ChalkIntersection marks based on
stopped motorcycle
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130'
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32 MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 32 MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards
35-40 minutes: Riding demo, Simulated-practice demo, Simulated practice
1. Read objective• To be able to maneuver in limited spaces
2. Explain range setup• On each side of range: a U-turn area, an S-turn,
and a perimeter turn from a stop• Each U-turn area is marked for both 24-foot and
20-foot widths3. Provide instructions
• On signal, ride to a start point• On signal (or when U-turn area is open), complete
a U-turn to the left, then a U-turn to the right• Exit U-turn area and complete S-turn• Exit S-turn and stop with front tire between the
stop cones• Complete perimeter turn and get in line
4. With riders at a U-turn area, provide demo• Note evaluations and provide signals
– Maintain overall control• Dab a foot if needed to prevent falling
– U-turns and S-turn • Turn handlebars and counterweight (lean out
with upper body only)• Keep eyes up and look through path of travel• Coordinate any clutch lever, throttle, and
braking actions• Using only the rear brake is okay• For U-turns, attempt 20-foot width after
success with the 24-foot width – Perimeter turn from a stop• Stop smoothly with front tire patch between
stop cones• Coordinate clutch lever, throttle use, and
handlebar turn to stay within boundaries• Keep eyes up as much as possible
– Maintain safety margins
5. Provide a simulated-practice demo of counterweight posture for U-turns
6. Provide simulated practice7. Have riders rock back-and-forth in place a few times
to refresh friction zone use*8. Conduct exercise
Exercise 9: Limited-Space Maneuvers
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 33 MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 33
• Ensure riders have sufficient room to get in line after they complete a perimeter turn (don’t let a line get too long)
9. Stage riders10. Reflection
• What is difficult about controlling the motorcycle at low speeds?
• What procedures and techniques worked best in making a good U-turn?
*For any exercise that starts a day or after a prolonged period of not riding, re-familiarize riders with primary controls and practice rocking in place to reinforce “to it, not through it” friction zone use. Ensure adequate space between motorcycles for this activity.
At perimeter stop point, put small cones on top of large cones as a reminder for riders to stopIf perimeter turn lines are not readily visible, put a small cone in middle of exit line (at the 10’ distance)
16 + 12 cones
Exercise 9: Limited-Space Maneuvers
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24'
20'
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34 MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards
Exercise 10: Stopping in a Curve
30-35 minutes: Riding demo (no simulated-practice demo), Simulated practice for part 2, 2 parts
1. Read objective• To stop smoothly in curves
2. Explain range setup• 2 curved paths marked by lines and cones• Cross traffic in the middle
3. Provide instructions Part 1: Gradual stop
– On signal, ride to start point – On signal and one at a time, ride into curve in 1st or 2nd gear
– Slow as you approach the curve and make a complete stop between the stop cones
– After coaching, select a safe gap and proceed to next line
– Wait in line to go the other direction Part 2: Quick stop
– On signal and one at a time, ride into curve in 1st or 2nd gear
– Once in the curve, straighten, then brake to a straight-line stop, going over the outside line if necessary
– After coaching, select a safe gap and proceed to next line to repeat in other direction
– On signal, return to stage
4. With riders at stop point, provide demo• Note evaluations and provide signals
– Part 1: Gradual stop• Do not brake too early or too hard• Apply more brake pressure as motorcycle
straightens up – Part 2: Quick stop• Keep head and eyes up• Straighten completely before braking• Ride deeper into curve as skill develops
– Both parts• Use a low speed for the first few attempts• Keep head and eyes up• Have handlebars square at stop• Use SEE for gap selection when riding to
other line
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 35
• Maintain safety margins
5. Conduct Part 1: Gradual stop6. Remove stop cones and provide simulated practice of
“straighten, then brake” before part 27. Conduct Part 2: Quick stop
• As necessary, slow riders approaching too fast• Encourage riders to ride deeper into the curve as
skill develops8. Stage riders
• An option is to stack riders at the start point (to the left) for the next exercise
9. Reflection• Will the total stopping distance for a straight-line
stop or for a curve take more distance?• How does weight shifting forward affect the use of
the brakes?
8 + 4 cones
Exercise 10: Stopping in a Curve
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45'
8'
8'
5'
6'
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36 MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards
35-40 minutes: Riding demo, Repeated split, Reversal
1. Read objectives• To improve skills for negotiating multiple curves• To reinforce search-setup-smooth
2. Explain range setup• A circuit consisting of multiple curves with various
radii• We will use small groups of riders
3. Provide instructions• On signal, ride to the start point and form two lines• On signal and in small groups, ride the circuit• Maintain a slow, steady speed in curves• Increase speed in the long straightaway to 20-25
mph for approach speed• Slow to a good entry speed for all curves before
first curve• On signal, stop in line to reverse• On signal, stop in line to return to stage
4. With riders in coach position, provide demonstration • Note evaluations and provide signals
– Maintain precise and smooth control – Match transmission gear to your speed (up to 3rd gear)
– Avoid changing gears while leaned – Keep head and eyes up, looking in path of travel – Use middle-middle-middle path – Apply SEE – Maintain safety margins, especially following distance
5. Conduct exercise• Use groups of 3-4 riders• Space riders 4-5 seconds apart, and watch spacing
when reversing direction with a group• Use 3-4 revolutions in each direction, more if
necessary to ensure readiness for next exercise• Do not allow riding to become competitive• Do not allow excessive speed• Do not allow excessive lean angles• Use circuit at least twice each direction
6. Stage riders• An option is to stack riders at the start point (to the
left) for the next exercise7. Reflection
Exercise 11: Curve Judgment
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 37
• Could you easily distinguish between approach speed and entry speed?
• How did you use your eyes in the curves?
20 + 3 cones
Exercise 11: Curve Judgment
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124' - 6"
95' - 6"
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6'
38 MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards
35-40 minutes: Riding demo (no simulated-practice demo), Simulated practice of lane change procedure, Reversal
1. Read objectives• To practice curves and lane changes• To practice safety margins and gap selection
2. Explain range setup• Circuit consisting of multiple curves followed by 2
lane changes3. Provide instructions
• From the start point on signal, enter the circuit and increase speed in the straightaway to 20-25 mph
• Near the end of the straightaway, slow to an appropriate entry speed for all the curves
• After one revolution, exit in the middle of the far curve and ride through the lane changes
• Slow and get back in a line• The exercise will be reversed• On signal, ride to stage
4. Provide demo• Note evaluations and provide signals
– For curves• Look well ahead, applying SEE• Maintain precise control• Choose a proper speed for the curves• Be smooth• Use middle-middle-middle path• Stay within boundaries
– For lane changes, keep proper path• Check mirrors• Use signal• Make a head check• Cancel signal
– Overall• Maintain safety margins, particularly following
distance
5. Provide simulated practice of lane change procedure in each direction (mirror check, signal on, head check, signal off)
6. Conduct exercise• Cones for starting area should be far enough apart
to permit two lines to form between them• In first few minutes of the exercise, only put two or
Exercise 12: Multiple Curves & Lane Changes
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 39
three riders in the curves• During first part in each direction, a RiderCoach
should control entering into curve; other RiderCoach should guide riders out of curves to lane changes
• During the last part in each direction, riders may choose their own gap, and the RiderCoach can move to the end of a line to coach, particularly the lane change
• Be sure to provide feedback regarding the lane changes before the exercise ends
7. Stage riders8. Reflection
• How comfortable were you in controlling the motorcycle while checking a blind spot?
• When in the curves, how did you divide your attention between the curves and other riders?
Exercise 12: Multiple Curves & Lane Changes
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29'
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12'
30'
40'
115'
180'
190'8'
105'
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8'
8'
5''6
8'
6'
28 + 10 cones
40 MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards
25-30 minutes: Riding demo (no simulated-practice demo), Simulated practice for swerving, Split, 2 parts
1. Read objectives• To cross over a small obstacle effectively• To be able to execute a basic swerve• To negotiate 2 low-speed maneuvers: turn from a
stop and slow-speed weave from a stop
2. Explain range setup• Part 1: On the perimeter, two obstacles on each side• Part 2: In 2 groups, a swerve exercise in the middle
followed by a turn from a stop and low-speed weave from a stop
3. Provide instructionsPart 1: Crossing an obstacle
– On signal, ride the perimeter and cross over the obstacles on each side
– On signal, line up for swervePart 2: Swerving & low-speed maneuvers
– On signal and one at a time, approach swerve area at around 10-12 mph
– Keep speeds low for first attempts – As much as possible, maintain a steady speed during the swerve
– Swerve in the direction signaled, riding between the cue cones and around the obstacle (you will be signaled before reaching the cue cones)
– After the swerve, straighten, then stop next to a RiderCoach
– After coaching, complete turn from a stop and a slow-speed weave from a stop, and return to same line
4. With riders at coach position, provide demo• Note evaluations and provide signalsPart 1: Crossing an obstacle
– Approach obstacle at 90 degrees and cross over its middle
– Keep speed slow but with enough momentum to cross over obstacle
– Maintain grasp on both handgrips – Rise off seat, keeping knees bent and against tank – Keep weight slightly back – Make a quick throttle blip just before contacting the obstacle to momentarily lighten front end
Exercise 13: Crossing an Obstacle & Swerving
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 41
– Roll off throttle after initial contactPart 2: Swerving & low-speed maneuvers
– Swerving:• Keep speed under control• Keep body upright, independent of
motorcycle lean• Maintain steady speed when swerving
around obstacle• Separate braking from swerving!
– Low-speed maneuvers• Start from a complete stop• Coordinate controls to maintain proper path
– Maintain safety margins
5. Conduct Part 1: Crossing an obstacle • 3 or 4 revolutions should be sufficient to achieve
objective• Ensure riders slow after crossing each obstacle
6. Split class• Each RiderCoach puts half the riders at a swerve
start point• Once all riders are stopped, have them shut down
engines• Remove obstacles• Reflect about crossing obstacles
– Was it easy or difficult to time the throttle blip?
7. Provide simulated practice of upper body upright during a swerve• Press and lean motorcycle slightly while keeping upper
body upright, then press to straighten the motorcycle8. Conduct Part 2: Swerving & low-speed maneuvers
• Provide early signal; do not require a quick reaction • After coaching the swerve, remind riders to stop for
the turn from a stop and for the low-speed weave from a stop, and to start on the right side of the first cone to weave
• Observe riders in turn and weave as you observe and evaluate the swerve
9. Stage riders
10. Reflection• What is the value in having momentum when
crossing over an obstacle?• How comfortable are you in making a quick press
to initiate the lean for swerving?
Exercise 13: Crossing an Obstacle & Swerving
42 MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards
Note: Cue cones are 3 feet apart and 15 feet from the obstacles for the swerves
30 + 12 cones
Exercise 13: Crossing an Obstacle & Swerving
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60'
15'x
3'
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6-8'
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16'
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 43
Exercise 13: Crossing an Obstacle & Swerving
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44 MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards
20-25 minutes: Riding demo
1. Read objective• To practice basic skills
2. Explain range setup• On one side of the range, a U-turn area, stop box,
and quick stop• On the other side of the range, a U-turn area, stop
box, and swerve3. Provide instructions
• On signal, ride to a start point• On signal and one at a time, complete a U-turn to
the left, then to the right• Exit U-turn area and stop with the front tire in the
stop box• On one side, complete a quick stop; on the other
side, complete a swerve to the right and stop next to cone
• Get in line for other side of the range• On signal, go to stage
4. Provide demo• Note evaluations and provide signals
– U-turns• Turn handlebars and counterweight• Keep eyes up and look through path of
travel• Coordinate any clutch lever, throttle, and
braking actions• Optional
– Use only rear brake for slowing – Use less counterweight and more lean with motorcycle (requires adequate speed and momentum)
• Upon exit from the U-turn area, stop with front tire in stop box
– Quick stop• Stay in 1st gear• Keep head and eyes up• Accelerate briskly• Brake firmly without grabbing front brake
lever or locking rear wheel• If rear wheel locks, use less pressure next
time• If front wheel locks, immediately release
pressure and reapply with less pressure
Exercise 14: Skill Practice
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 45
Exercise 14: Skill Practice
– Swerve• Stay in 1st gear• Keep head and eyes up• Accelerate briskly• Maintain a steady speed• Separate swerving from any braking• After swerving and when straight, stop
smoothly next to large cone – General
• Maintain safety margins• Be smooth and gentle with controls• For the swerve and quick stop, avoid
anticipating cue cones
5. Conduct exercise• Coaching positions should be adjusted for range
management and coaching• Remind riders to stop after swerve before going to next
line• Remind riders to separate swerving from braking• Keep waiting lines equal to avoid backup in waiting
areas• Coach to ensure good procedures (timing at
cue areas, appropriate speed) to assist skill test administration
6. Stage riders• Stage riders at first skill test exercise, if feasible
7. Reflection• What skills are needed to quickly accelerate and
then brake or swerve right away?• What helps the most in making a U-turn within the
boundary areas?Note: Cue cones for the swerve are 3 feet apart and 13 feet from the obstacle.
46 MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards
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3'
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25'
25'
20'
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12 + 9 cones
Exercise 14: Skill Practice
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 47
Exercise 14: Skill Practice
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48 MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards
1. Read objective for the skill testThis test measures your ability to demonstrate basic motorcycle-control skills in low-speed maneuvers, braking, swerving, and cornering.
2. General informationYou will receive an unsuccessful score if you do not follow instructions, if you commit an intentional unsafe act, if you become a hazard to yourself or others, if you fall or drop the motorcycle, if you stall the engine more than three times, if you accumulate too many points, or if you decide not to continue. You must complete all five evaluations.
Scoring Notes for RiderCoaches (do not read to students)
General:• Stalling is scored in Part A from the time a rider is
called to start an evaluation until they have ended that particular evaluation. Stalling is not scored when the rider is:
– waiting in line, including moving from stage to start point
– riding from the end of an evaluation to the next point
– returning to the start point to re-run an evaluation
– returning to stage after the final skill evaluation
Skill Test Overview
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 49
Skill Test Evaluation 1: Cone Weave & Normal Stop
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12'
12'
5'20'
24'
56'
Instructions• Begin with your front tire patch on the start T• Ride to the right of the first cone, to the left of the
second, and so on. Weave past all five cones without touching or skipping a cone or putting a foot down
• Turn left and ride toward the stop box, and then make a smooth, non-skidding stop with your front tire inside the box
• When stopped, your front tire must not touch any of the marked lines/cones
• Remain stopped until signaled and then proceed to the cones marking the start of the next evaluation
• Begin on my signal
Evaluation 1: Scoring Notes• Riders starting to the left of the 1st cone score 5
points.• “Foot down” is scored while any part of the
motorcycle is within the cone weave area. • A boundary violation occurs if any part of the front
tire contact patch is on or outside any line of the stop box. - Stop is scored at the location of the first complete stop.
50 MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards
Instructions• Begin with your front tire patch on the start T• Make a right turn between the boundary lines
marked by lines/cones. Do not touch any lines/cones or put a foot down
• Diagonally cross to the opposite side of the area and make a left U-turn inside the painted box
• Do not touch a line/cone or put a foot down• Stop with your front tire patch inside the stop box• When signaled, proceed to the cones marking the
start of the next evaluation• Begin on my signal
Evaluation 2: Scoring Notes• A boundary violation is scored when one tire
touches or crosses a boundary line. Each tire is scored independently for each boundary line.
• For Turn From a Stop, “foot down” is scored while the motorcycle is within the marked sharp corner boundaries.
• For U-turn, “foot down” is scored while the motorcycle is within the 15’x20’ (or 15’x24’) U-turn area.
• Purposefully power-walking through either turn is scored as fails to follow instructions (16 points).
• Motorcycles with displacement under 600cc use 20’ width.
Skill Test Evaluation 2: Turn from a Stop & U-turn
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20'
6'
15'
16'
56'
15'
24'
4'
5'
4'
NOTE: Diagram shown is formotorcycles of less than 600ccengine displacement; riders areallowed 20' width for the left U-Turn.
For motorcycles of 600cc ormore, riders are allowed 24'width for the left U-Turn. Adjustthe position of the stop box andleft boundary line accordingly.
6'
5'
2'-6"
MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 51
Instructions• Begin with your front tire patch between the start
cones• Accelerate straight toward the quick stop area• Stabilize your speed between 12-18 miles per hour
by the time you reach the first line/cones• Maintain a steady speed• When your front tire crosses second line/cones, stop
in the shortest distance you safely can. You will not lose points if you skid
• Once stopped, do not allow your motorcycle to roll• When signaled, return to the end of the line• Begin on my signal
NOTE: One re-ride is permitted: 1) if time is less than 0.72 seconds and stopping distance is beyond 20 feet, or 2) if time is greater than 1.15 seconds, or 3) if the rider anticipates by braking in the timing zone. If a re-ride is conducted, scoring from first ride is ignored.
Evaluation 3: Scoring Note: Maximum score is 5 points.
Skill Test Evaluation 3: Quick Stop
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52 MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards
Instructions• Begin with your front tire patch between the start
cones• Accelerate straight toward the obstacle swerve area• Stabilize your speed between 12-18 miles per hour
by the time you reach the first line/cones• Maintain a steady speed• When your front tire crosses second line/cones,
swerve to the right• Avoid the obstacle line/cones and stay inside the
sideline. Do not touch a line or cones• When straight, stop smoothly next to large cone• When signaled, proceed to cones marking the start
of the next evaluation• Begin on my signal
NOTE: One re-ride is permitted for: 1) speed too fast (less than 0.72) and path violation; or 2) speed too slow (greater than 1.15) and no path violation; or 3) anticipation: swerving before the cue cones/line or brake use in the timing zone, or 4) swerving in wrong direction. If a re-ride is conducted, scoring from the first ride is ignored.
Evaluation 4: Scoring Notes • Maximum score is 5 points.• A path violation occurs when one tire touches or
crosses the obstacle line or side boundary line.
Skill Test Evaluation 4: Obstacle Swerve
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MSF Basic RiderCourse Range Cards 53
Instructions• Begin with your front tire patch between the start
cones• Ride through the curve path and reach a speed of
at least 20 miles per hour in the straightaway• Do not cross a line or touch a cone• Continue through the curve path until you reach
the stop area• Stop with your front tire patch between the stop
cones• When signaled, return to the staging area• Begin on my signal
NOTE: This exercise may be set up for either direction.
Evaluation 5: Scoring Notes• No re-runs are permitted.• Stalling is not scored.• A boundary violation occurs when one tire touches
or crosses a boundary line for the 180-degree curve.
Skill Test Evaluation 5: Curve
RCRC
Stag
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Area
29' 110'53'61'
95' - 6"
124' - 6"
8'
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