EUROPEAN FRONT: Before U.S. Enters the War
BATTLE OF BRITAIN 1940 Hitler knew he couldn’t defeat the British
Navy Began this battle as an air war (Luftwaffe) Worked well at first…
British develop superior aircraft Begin bombing German cities while
Germany bombed England at night.
EUROPEAN FRONT: U.S. Enter the War
MAJOR BATTLES: Battle of Stalingrad
SOVIETS BATTLE GERMANS AT STALINGRAD- AUGUST 1942-1943
Bloodiest standoff on the warOver one million casualties: 199 daysAllies decided to let Russia fight on their own
THIS DECISION WILL COST THE U.S. FUTURE RELATIONS WITH SOVIETS.
NORTH AFRICAN FRONTS
OFFENSIVE FIGHTROOSEVELT AND
CHURCHILL MEET IN MOROCCO: 1943
DECIDE NOT TO HELP SOVIETS INSTEAD STICK TO PLAN TO ATTACK FROM NORTH AFRICA INTO SICILY
NORTH AFRICAN BATTLES
OPERATION TORCH NOVEMBER 1942 DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER MOROCCO & ALGERIA FIRST FALL AS THEY HAVE
GERMAN PUPPET GOVT TUNISIA: ROMMEL(THE DESERT FOX) AND HIS
AFRIKA CORPS
MAY 1943: AXIS TROOPS SURRENDER AFRICA
European Battles
Eisenhower plans attacks on Italy after success in N. Africa with help of British
Campaign begins June 1943-Sicily-Anzio-Rome
Mussolini forced to resign in August 1943
European Front
April 29, 1945 Mussolini and 15 other fascist leaders are executed and hanged in the Piazzale Loreto in Milan.
EUROPEAN FRONT AND BATTLES
OPERATION OVERLORD (D-DAY) FDR STALIN CHURCHILL
MEET TO PLAN INVASION ACROSS ENGLISH CHANNEL
NORMANDYGERMANS EXPECTED THEM TO
ATTACK ELSEWHERE AT CALAIS
EUROPEAN BATTLES
NORMANDY, FRANCE (D-DAY) LARGEST AMPHIBIOUS INVASION JUNE 6, 1944*Code Breakers intercept Axis correspondence*
150,000 ALLIED SOLDIERS 600 WARSHIPS GENERAL DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER/Rommel for
Germans BY JULY: ALLIED FORCES IN FRANCE WAS OVER 1
MILLION HITLER HESITATES TO FIGHT BACK
WHAT DO I NEED TO KNOW?
NAZIS CONTINUE TO FIGHT THROUGH AIR ATTACKS 1943 & 1944
OPERATION OVERLORD: DRIVE THE NAZIS OUT OF FRANCE AND HEAD THEM TOWARDS DEFEAT AT HOME
JUNE 6, 1944LARGEST AMPHIBIOUS INVASION
(INVASION BY SEA)
WHERE DID THIS TAKE PLACE?
60 MILE STRETCH OF NORMANDY COAST (NORTHERN FRENCH COAST)
HITLER CAUGHT UNAWARE: THOUGHT ATTACK WOULD BE FURTHER UP THE COAST AT CALAIS
326,000 SOLDIERS LAND THE FIRST WEEK, 50,000 VEHICLES, 100,000 TONS OF SUPPLIES
WHO WAS INVOLVED?
AMERICAN LEADER: DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER
GERMAN LEADER: ROMMELSOLDIERS
AMERICAN CANADIAN BRITISH GERMAN
YOUR ASSIGNMENT
COMPLETE THE WORKSHEET ATTACHED TO THE PREPARED MAP
REWRITE THE QUESTIONS FROM THE WORKSHEET ON A SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER
ANSWER THE QUESTIONS USING COMPLETE SENTENCES.
GOOD LUCK & GOOD TRACKING!
European Front
Battle of the Bulge When? – December 16, 1944
Where? – border areas near Luxembourg, France and Germany
Results? – The Germans began a counterattack against the Allies as the Allies attempted to drive the Germans completely out of France.
Importance? – Germans begin retreat signaling their defeat. First time allies will enter Germany
since war started First time allies will see
concentration camps
· V-E Day (Victory in Europe)May 8, 1945
BATTLE OF THE BULGE (BELGIUM) LAST GERMAN OFFENSIVE OF WWII DECEBMER 1944 CLEARED WAY TO GERMANY SOVIETS ATTACK FROM THE EAST AMERICANS FROM THE WEST TIED DOWN HUGE AMOUNTS OF ALLIED RESOURCES
TAKE GERMANY
Red army soldiers raising the Soviet flag on the roof of the Reichstag (German Parliament) in Berlin, Germany.
Churchill waves to crowds in Britain after broadcasting to the nation that the war with Germany had been won,
ASIAN FRONT
DEFENSIVE FRONT AGAINST JAPAN
JAPAN HAD TAKEN OVER GUAM, WAKE, SINGAPORE AND PHILIPPINES
How do we get them back?
Island Hopping
• The two main goals of the U.S. in the Pacific were:• I. to regain the Philippines.
• II. to invade Japan.The U.S. began a policy
of island hopping, using islands as stepping-stones towards Japan.
ASIAN FRONT
February of 1945 The U.S. recaptured the
Philippines, Iwo Jima and Okinawa.
Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima: depicts five United States Marines and a U.S. Navy corpsman raising the flag of the United States atop Mount Suribachi during the Battle of Iwo Jima.
ASIAN FRONT: THE TIDE TURNS
BATTLE OF THE CORAL SEA-JAPAN WANTS TO TAKE AUSTRALIA-May 1942-Japan loses-Japanese naval aviation begins to decline.
ASIAN FRONT CONTINUED
MIDWAY ISLAND-CODE BREAKERS READY AMERICANS FOR THE ATTACK.
TAKE OUT FOUR OF FIVE JAPANESE CARRIERS
It limited Japan's ability to attack Hawaii again or other Allied positions.
OTHER ASIAN BATTLES
MORE BLOODY BATTLES:-GUADALCANAL SOLOMON ISLANDS AMERICANS CUT OFF JAPANESE SUPPLY LINES Became military base from which to counterattack the JapaneseIWO JIMA OKINAWA HEAVY CASUALTIES ON BOTH SIDES IN THESE
BATTLES
VICTORY IN THESE ISLANDS WIL BE KEY TO ALLIED VICTORY IN JAPAN
So How Do We Defeat Japan?
Operation “Starvation”Operation “Olympic”Continue Strategic “fire bomb” raids on
Japanese cities.Drop the atomic bomb on Japan to force the
Japanese Emperor to surrender.
Truman’s Dilemma
A blockade of Japan would take an extended amount of time thus opening the door to Soviet intervention and acquisition of territory by conquest.
An invasion of Japan would be too costly in lives and treasure.
Continued bombing of Japanese cities would only cost more lives and raise the level of destruction and misery of the Japanese people.
The level of impatience of the American people would grow as each week past that the war continued.
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