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Mapua Institute of TechnologyIntramuros, Manila
School of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering
Department of Electronics Engineering
Module No.7
Controlling a Cylinder
Submitted by
!"C#"$, Noel %onathan C.
Submitted to
Engr. &lenn Mag'ili
(((((((((((((((((((( Date of Submission
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INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
In this e-periment, basic control of a cylinder ia /#C system
integration is demonstrated. " cylinder reciprocates a function of a
pump that applies force to a speci0c area. Cylinders could be
controlled ia integrating electrical and pneumatic 'iring
techni1ue, programming and troubleshooting in terms of the /#C
language. This deice is fre1uently utili2ed in industrial
applications especially on the manufacturing industry 'hich
fre1uently needs constant application of pressure to their
processes.$n the 0rst part of the module, the starting and stopping
control of a cylinder is demonstrated. To actuate the cylinder, a
toggle s'itch is used. 3hen the s'itch is pressed, the cylinder
'ould retract and e-tend repeatedly. This condition 'ould re1uire
a latching mechanism bet'een the circuitry, thus utili2ing an
internal coil. " reset button is also needed to stop the operation
cycle and halt the cylinder to its default position. " normally closed
s'itch bet'een the control circuit and the output solenoid must be
used to perform the condition. The solenoid 'ould be the
connection bet'een the pneumatic and the electrical 'iring
system of the cylinder. It 'ould be the output of the electrical
'iring and the input of the pneumatic 'iring system.
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$n the second part of the module, the one cycle control of the
cylinder is sho'ed. The cylinder 'ould fully e-tend 'hen the
starting s'itch is pressed and fully retract 'hen the s'itch is
depressed. " simple /#C 'iring diagram can do the tric4 for this
condition. T'o sensors must be attached to the cylinder to tell the
control circuit if the cylinder is fully e-tended or retracted. " coil
could be utili2ed to separate the control circuit from the trigger
s'itch. #astly, the cylinder must only rely on the s'itch if it 'ould
retract or e-tend, depending on the pressing action on the s'itch.$n the last t'o parts of the module, the counter and timer
principles that 'e learned from the last module is utili2ed. The t'o
is integrated to create a cylinder system that can be used on
simple industrial applications. Timer could control the period in
'hich the cylinder 'ould apply the pressure to a speci0c area and
the counter 'ould dictate 'hen the cycle 'ould end5repeat itself.
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C$NC#6SI$N
In summary, cylinder control could be done ia old fashioned
electrical 'iring or a /#C 'iring system. " cylinder is a type of
actuator that could be drien ia solenoid ale connected to its
input. This solenoid ale could be actuated electrically,
pneumatically or ia programmable control systems. In addition,
the solenoid ale acts as the boundary bet'een the electrical
control circuit and the pneumatic circuit. Cylinders are actually
piston cylinder assemblies. The ales are merely used to create
the logic, 'hich determines the se1uence in 'hich the cylinders
moe. "part from the fully e-tended and fully retracted positions of
the piston, there is no intermediate position control in piston
motion. S'itches and pro-imity sensors are type of sensors.
Magnetic pro-imity sensors are attached to cylinders to detect the
position of the cylinder. Sensor ) chec4s the retracted position
'hile sensor * chec4s the e-tended position. Mean'hile, timers
and counters enhances the operation of the cylinder ia /#C. The
controller could control the time in 'hich the force could be
applied and the repeatability of the operation could be controlled.
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This option on the /#C is ery useful on industrial applications
especially on industrial automation conersion of manufacturing
industries that re1uires force ariation and manipulation that
needs cylinders to actuate them.