The Rationale For STI, HIV and AIDS
Education
Module 1
Philippine National AIDS Council
Session Objectives
▲ Expand understanding of the epidemic situation
Philippine National AIDS Council
▲ Explain the history of STI, HIV and AIDS based on the social, economic, and political context;
▲ Provide information on global and national data on STI, HIV and AIDS; and
At the end of the module, the participants should be able to:
1981 First cases appear
1982Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is used to refer to the disease; First AIDS cases reported in Africa
1984 HIV is isolated
1991 AIDS becomes the No. 1 killer in Africa
History of HIV
Philippine National AIDS Council
1984 First case reported
1998 Enactment of RA 8504
1999 Adoption of Implementing Rules and Regulations drafted by multisectoral members of the PNAC
HIV in the Philippines
1992 Establishment of PNAC
Philippine National AIDS Council
Venereal
Disease
Sexually
Transmitted
Disease
Sexually Transmi
tted Infectio
n
From VD to STI
Philippine National AIDS Council
Link Between STI & HIV
STI &
HIV
Same sexual mode of
transmission
A person with STI easily gets HIV & passes the
virus to another
Same preventive measures
Clinical service entry
point for HIV
education
Philippine National AIDS Council
Top Three Regions with the Highest Number of STI Cases, 1999
Source: http://www.avert.org/std-statistics.htm;World Health Organization, 1999
Region Infected adults (millions)
New infections in 1999
(millions)
South& South East Asia
48 151
Sub Saharan Africa 32 69
Latin America& Caribbean
18.5 38
Philippine National AIDS Council
Number of STI Cases in Reporting Social Hygiene Clinics
Philippine National AIDS Council
Source: NEC-DOH
33 Million PLHIVs
Sub-Saharan Africa*22.0 million
[20.5 – 23.6 million]South & South-
East Asia*4.2 million
[3.5 – 5.3 million]
2008 Global Estimated HIV Cases
Sources:
*Regions with the highest number of actual cases
Philippine National AIDS Council
The Most Affected Population Globally
Over 7,400 individuals were infected daily, as of 2008
Data as of December 2009Source: UNAIDS
Philippine National AIDS Council
The Philippines is one of ONLY seven countries in the world where new cases are rising
At the Crossroads of an Epidemic…
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(The others are Bangladesh, Armenia, Georgia, Kazhakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, & Tajikistan)
Epidemic red flags in the Philippines
High percentage of needle sharing among PWIDs
Source of Data: The Filipino Youth 2002 YAFS Data Sheet; UA Briefer at a Glance
Philippine National AIDS Council
Average sexual debut for male and female: 17 and 18 years of age, respectively
Poor knowledge on HIV and AIDS
Low condom use among MARPs
High STI cases
Source: December 2011, National AIDS Registry
Philippine HIV and AIDS Data, 1984-2011
Philippine National AIDS Council
Quick FactsDemographic Data December
2011Jan-Dec 2011 Cumulative Data 1984
—2011*
Total Reported Cases 268 2,349 8,364
Asymptomatic Cases 259 2,255 7,404
AIDS Cases 9 94 960
Males 251 2,193 6,890
Females 17 156 1,463
Youth 15-24yo 83 704 1,918
Children <15yo 0 3 58
Reported Deaths due to AIDS
1 17 341
*Note: No data available on sex for eleven (11) cases.
Philippine National AIDS Council
The National HIV Profile
Source: AMTP V, 2010
As of 2010, the country’s epidemiological profile showed that: more people are infected; those infected are young (median age: 27 yrs.); people infected are those in their most productive years (20-34 yrs. of age); and
more males are infected (mostly thru MSM and bisexual contact).
Doubling Time
Source: 2009 IHBSS Dissemination Forum Powerpoint presentation of Dr. Enrique Tayag
Philippine National AIDS Council
Source: Philippine HIV and AIDS Registry, December 2011
Modes of Transmission
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Mode of Transmission Dec. 2011n=268
Jan-Dec 2011n=2,349
Cumulative Datan=8,364
Sexual Contact 238 2230 7646
Heterosexual contact 34 (14%) 388 (17%) 2,876 (38%)
Homosexual contact 117 (49%) 1,036 (46%) 2,888 (38%)
Bisexual contact 87 (37%) 806 (36%) 1,882 (25%)
Blood/Blood Products 0 1 20
Injecting Drug Use 30 110 265
Needle Prick Injury 0 0 3
Mother to Child 0 3 55
No Data Available 0 5 375
Source: Philippine HIV and AIDS Registry December 2011
Proportion of Types of Sexual Transmission
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Geographic Distribution
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Philippine National AIDS Council
Although most HIV infection cases have turned up in major urban areas nationwide, almost all the provinces in the country’s 17 regions are reporting
HIV cases.
A Note on Geographic Distribution
In summary..
Philippine National AIDS Council
HIV and AIDS peaked globally in 1999 and has been declining in many parts of the world. However, HIV cases are rising in the Philippines as doubling time continues to shorten – to 2 years from 2007 to 2009, and to only a year from 2009 to 2010. That trend continues to this day.
♠ Educating the public on HIV and AIDS is crucial to the effectiveness of the country response.
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In summary..
♠ Greater knowledge of the disease will lessen stigma and discrimination that impede efforts to halt its spread. It would also help empower people to pursue behavior change.
Thank You
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