Download - MLS 2F - Agriculture

Transcript
  • AGRICULTURE

  • What is Agriculture?

    * the science or practice of farming, including cultivation of

    the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to

    provide food, wool, and in varying degrees the preparation

    and marketing of the resulting products.

  • Significance of

    Agriculture Source of livelihood

    Contribution to national income

    Supply of food and fodder

    Importance in international trade

    Source of raw material

    Vast employment opportunities

    Source of government income

    Basis of economic development

    Agriculture occupies an

    important place in the

    development of an

    economy. It is in fact, a

    pre-condition for

    economic up-liftment.

  • Issues and Problems in Agriculture

  • Natural Resources Degradation

    - The continuing degradation of

    forests also contributes to low yields

    and the low rate of land utilization. Results in an inadequate

    water supply during the

    dry season and exacerbates

    damage to crops, fisheries,

    and rural infrastructures as

    a result of typhoons and

    increasing flooding during

    wet season.

  • Low Productivity

    -land productivity in the

    Philippines is lower than in other

    countries in the Southeast Asia

    region.

    Is a result of many factors such

    as:

    -small farm size

    -underutilization of land due to

    water supply issues resulting from

    watershed degradation

    -low efficiency of existing

    irrigation systems

    -deficit of rural infrastructures

    -post-harvest facilities

    -high cost of farm inputs

    -weak linkages between

    smallholders or producers and

    enterprises

  • Limited Connectivity

    - Lack of quality rural transport,

    particularly farm-to-market roads,

    discourages farmers from increasing

    production.

    - Adaption by farmers, particularly

    smallholders, of new and value-

    adding technologies has been slow

    due to the lack of access to

    information on production

    technologies.

    As a consequence,

    farmers knowledge of

    diversified farming

    technologies is limited,

    and market linkages

    remain weak.

  • Weak Resilience

    - Highly vulnerable to climate change-related risks

    (flood, typhoons, and droughts) which can cause

    severe erosion, given certain soil, vegetation, and

    slope conditions.

    Can pose danger to the stability and

    sustainability of downstream investments and

    economic activities.

    Longer dry seasons put an additional burden on

    water supplies for irrigation and seriously impair

    agricultural productivity.

  • Inadequate support services

    - Insufficient provision of key support

    services affects productivity.

    - Lack of transparency, cumbersome

    procedures, and inconsistent application

    of regulatory functions under the

    authority of the Department of

    Agriculture inhibit private sector

    participation and the development of

    linkages between smallholders or

    producers and traders or processors.

    Services include:

    -construction and operation

    and maintenance of farm-

    to-market roads

    -small-scale irrigation

    systems

    -other rural infrastructure

    (remains incomplete due to

    the technical and financial

    constraints facing LGUs

    and incompatible priorities

    between them and national

    agencies.)

  • Policy, Governance, and Capacity Issues

    -institutional fragmentation weakens

    planning and service delivery.

    -unclear and overlapping functions of

    key government agencies, insufficient

    planning and results monitoring

    systems impact on the effectiveness

    and accountability of service delivery.

    Three primary departments

    involved in the sector:

    - DOA

    - DAR

    - DENR

    In addition, weak governance

    and changing local-level

    priorities, due to likely changes

    in governing officials every 3

    years, add to the risk.

  • Philippine Agriculture Situation

  • Philippine Agriculture

    The Philippines is still primarily an agricultural country

    despite the plan to make it industrialized economy by

    2000.

    Countrys main agricultural crops are rice, corn, coconut,

    sugarcane, bananas, pineapple, coffee, mangoes, tobacco,

    and abaca.

    Secondary crops include peanut, cassava, camote, garlic,

    onion, cabbage, eggplant, calamansi, rubber and cotton.

  • Performance of Agriculture

    -1

    0

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    9

    Farmgate Prices

    Fisheries

    Poultry

    Livestock

    Crops

    Agriculture

    1.12.

    0.002

    1.76

    4.29

    1.24

    2.5

    1.83

    3.25

    1.02

    0.27 -0.15

    7.74

    2013 2014

  • Agriculture expanded by 1.83% in 2014. The sectors growth was contributed by the production increments in the crops, livestock and poultry subsectors. Gross earnings amounted to P1.6 trillion at current prices or 9.71% higher than last years earnings.

    0

    0.5

    1

    1.5

    2

    2013 2014

    Agriculture

    Agriculture

    1.12

    1.83

  • Crops subsector which shared 51.71% in total agricultural production grew by 3.25% during the year. Production of palay went up by 2.87% and that of corn, by 5.33%. Notable gains were recorded for sugarcane, mango, tobacco, cassava & onion. The subsectors gross value of output amounted to P933.7 million. This was 14.52% more than the 2013 level.

    0

    0.5

    1

    1.5

    2

    2.5

    3

    3.5

    2013 2014

    Crops

    Crops0.002

    3.25

  • Livestock and Poultry

    0

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    Poultry

    Livestock

    Livestock production increased by 1.02%. It contributed 16.10% to total agricultural output. All components of subsector registered output gains in 2014. The subsectors gross value of production amounted to P247.1 billion, at current prices. This indicated a 5.60% improvement from 2013 earnings. The poultry subsector inched up by 0.27 percent. Shared 14.54% in the total agricultural production. The sources of growth chicken, duck and duck egg. At current prices, the subsector grossed P189.7 billion which was 7.84% higher than previous years level.

    1.76

    4.29

    2013 2014

    1.02

    0.27

  • Fisheries production declined by 0.15% in 2014. The subsector accounted for 17.65% of total agricultural output. The subsectors gross earnings mounted to P242.0 billion or 1.03% lower than 2013 record.

    -0.5

    0

    0.5

    1

    1.5

    2013 2014

    Fisheries

    Fisheries

    1.24

    -0.15

  • Farmgate prices went up by 7.74% from 2013 quotations. Significant price increases were recorded in the crops subsector at 10.92%. The poultry subsector followed with an average price gain of 7.55%. In the livestock subsector, prices were quoted 4.54% more this year.

    0

    2

    4

    6

    8

    10

    2013 2014

    Farmgate Prices

    Farmgate Prices2.5

    7.74

  • Philippine Agricultural Products for Export and Import

  • In International Trade,

    "exports" refers to selling

    goods and services

    produced in the home

    country to other markets.

    An import is a good

    brought into a jurisdiction,

    especially across a national

    border, from an external

    source.

  • Major Exports of the Philippines

    1. Food and Live Animals chiefly for Food

    The country's major agricultural crops are rice, corn,

    coconut, sugarcane, banana, cassava, pineapple, and

    vegetables

  • The major livestock products are hog, cattle, carabao,

    goat, and dairy products. Chicken and ducks are the

    leading poultry products.

  • Tuna and shrimps

  • 2. Tobacco and tobacco

    manufactures

  • 3. Crude Materials

    4. Animal and Vegetable Oils

    5. Manufactures fertilizers

    6. Agricultural Machinery

  • Top Philippine Agricultural Exports Ranking

    Based on FOB Value, 2004-2010

  • Major Imports to the Philippines

    1. Wheat 2. Soybean Oil

  • 3. Milk and cream products