Midterm Review - Photoshop Notes
Crop tool The crop tool trims and scales a
photograph The crop tool permanently deletes all the
pixels outside the crop selection area Fifth tool down in the tools bar Drag a marquee around the picture and
then use the sizing handles to fit it to the picture.
Press enter or return to crop the picture
Gradient Tool Fades between multiple colors Control color and shape of gradient Customizable Used to fill selections, shapes, or text Video: http://youtu.be/VhZkBr0KlQA
Automatic Adjustments The auto color command adjusts the
contrast and color of an image. Image > Auto color
The auto contrast command (highlights and shadows) and the overall mix of colors in an image Image > Auto contrast
Shadows and Highlights Used to bring out the detail or light
areas of an image. Image > Adjustments >
Shadows/highlights Photoshop automatically applies default
settings, you can customize if you want
Adjustments Panel Panel used to fix or add effects to photos Nondestructively changes the photo
by adding an adjustment layer EX: Brightness/contrast, levels, curves,
exposure, hue/ saturation, color balance, black/white, vibrance, etc.
Found above layers panel Bottom left of panel is the arrow to
return to adjustments
Replace color Changes the color of an image Select whatever you want to
change colors using any selection tool (marque, quick select, etc.)
Image > adjustments > replace color The dialogue box opens
Sample the color to change Then choose the result color
Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NS5Nf55rOQA
Dodge, Burn & Sponge ToolsThe dodge tool brightensThe burn tool darkensThe sponge tool changes the color saturation
Convert an Image to Black and White
1. Add an adjustment layer (Hue/Saturation)
Change the saturation level to -1002. Image →Mode → Grayscale
3. Layer Style, Color Overlay, Saturation Image → Adjustments → Black and White
Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zfk3mTep3j4
New Layer Layer menu > new Layers panel > new layer button
(peeling page) or right click You can make new layers via cut or
copy Use a selection tool to select what
you want a copy of Layer > New > Layer Via Copy or Layer
Via Cut
Canvas Size The area in which the picture is located You can make it larger or smaller
Image – canvas size Use the dialogue box to help you create
the new canvas size Choose the color you want the new
canvas to be Video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kxhKFS6Ujg
Guides and Rulershttp://youtu.be/DzYY4NePq-M View → Check
Rulers/ or Ctrl + R To change
measurements, right-click or double click on ruler
Doesn’t print
View → New Guide Click and drag
from ruler Doesn’t print
Color Mode Two kinds of color modes CMYK and RGB Photoshop can switch between color
modes Image > Mode > change to the correct
color mode Filters can be applied to RGB color
mode and not CMYK
Layer Group organize your layers into foldersFolder button on the bottom of the
layer panel, or go to layer > new layer group
To put layers in the group drag them on top of the group
thumbnail will be indentedVideo: http://youtu.be/6hyINpGIlno
Vignette (pron. “vin-yet”)Picture whose border fades into
background or border colorMethod 1: Create a border with a
feathered selectionMethod 2: Create a layer mask
with a gradient to the background color
http://youtu.be/DI8lCJisONQ
Clipping Mask When a picture takes the shape of Text Position picture layer over text
layer in the Layers Panel Go to Layer → Create Clipping Mask
OR Alt-click between the layers
Video: http://youtu.be/e2dC7rCrIkw
Paint Bucket Adds 1 color to a selection or an entire
layer Uses the foreground color Hidden tool underneath the gradient
tool
Stroke A border or outline around a part of an
image or textMethod 1: (destructive) Edit > StrokeSelect color, size,and locationMethod 2: (nondestructive) Add Layer Style > StrokeSelect color and size
Content Aware Takes the information around the
selection and uses that to fill the selection
1. Make selection2. Go to Edit → Fill3. Use: Content Aware4. Click OK5. Video: http://youtu.be/lypAA-VvVNU
Refine Edge Located on Options Bar of selection
tools Allows you to improve your selections
Opacity Opacity refers to how solid an image,
color, or shape is The more opacity a layer has, the less
transparent it is
Arrange Documents Arrange multiple windows into split
screen Window > arrange
Select the way you want to view your images
Camera Raw Is a digital negative Many digital cameras can save images as
raw format files Plan your workflow to move from left to
right and top to bottom in the panels You cam automatically apply the settings
to other pictures you have open in camera ray Synchronize photos
Video 1: http://youtu.be/9zcr_uUBSZk Video 2: http://youtu.be/dlTjDBzuJHU
Load a Saved Selection Selection that is saved and you can use
again. It is saved to your channels Look for the keyword Go to Select – Load Selection – channels The channel is then selected Video: http://youtu.be/wgOiYD_iwqc
Depth of Field When you take a picture you can only focus
on the foreground or background If you take two pictures of the same area 1
focused on foreground and 1 on the background you can merge them so the entire picture is in focus
With both pictures selected Edit – Auto align layers – this make sure the 2
pictures line up Edit – Auto Blend Layers
Create a texture In Photoshop you can apply textures to
different layers to enhance the quality of the projects
You can make any PSD document into a texture
Filter – Filter Gallery – Texturizer – Load Texture – Open the saved texture – Set scale and relief
Animated GIF Is a sequence of images, or frames Each frame varies slightly from the
preceding frame, creating the illusion of movement when they are viewed in quick succession
Window – animation Save it File – save for web and devices – save video 1: http://youtu.be/TsZez4DNqks Video 2: http://youtu.be/bNRulEbmuq0
Inverse To select the opposite of what you
selected Select > Inverse
Smart Objects Layers that you can edit non
destructively Changes you make to the image remain
editable and do not affect the actual image pixels, which are preserved
Bitmap Image Also called raster images Are based on a grid of colors known as pixels In working with bitmap images, you edit
groups of pixels rather than objects or shapes They are appropriate for continuous tone
images such as photographs or artworksdisadvantages of bitmap is they contain a fixed number of pixels they can lose detail when scaled up onscreen
Vector Image Are made up of lines (stroke) and colors
(fill) defined by mathematical objects called vectors
These graphics retain their crispness whether they are moved, resized, or have their color changed
Vector graphics are appropriate for illustrations, type, and graphics such as logos that may be scaled to different sizes
Rasterize Convert a vector
layer to an image layer
After a layer is rasterized it can no longer be edited as vector
You can rasterize shapes and text to use imaging tools on them such as layer adjustments or shading tools like dodge and burn
Path The outline of a vector shape A path is a curved or straight line segment you
draw using the Pen, Magnetic Pen, or Freeform Pen tool
Paths can be open or closed. Open paths have two distinct endpoints. Closed paths are continuous. The type of path you draw affects how it can be selected and adjusted
Paths that have not been filled of stroked do not print when you print your artwork. This is because paths are vector objects that contain no pixels, unlike shapes drawn by the pencil tool and other painting objects
Create Text on a Path1. Create a shape/ pattern/ line using a
shape tool In options, select Paths
2. Switch to text tool and click on shape path (line of shape)
3. Add text – make sure the pointer changes and you are on the path otherwise it will not follow the path
Change fonts, sizes, shapes as needed – character panel information
Rule of Thirdshttp://www.vimeo.com/14315821 Is a design principle that divides a page
into nine squares and then placing the page elements of most interest on the intersections of the grid lines
Print size view In Photoshop the view you see on your
screen is usually different than the size it would be if you were to print the picture.
To see the print size view of your project View > Print Size
Custom Workspace Essentials, Design, and Painting are the
default workspaces for Photoshop If you use certain panels more than
others when you work you can customize your own workspace
You click on the two arrows and then new workspace
Video: http://youtu.be/7gdFz-SnecU
Meta data Information about a file, such as
keywords, descriptions, and copyright information
This information is not visible in the image itself but only hidden in the file
Non destructive mask Adds a mask to a layer but doesn’t
harm the layer’s pixels Method 1: add mask button (layers
panel)Method 2: layer menu > layer mask
Choose hide/reveal all or a selection Video 1: http://youtu.be/8kr4XYCSzbQ Video 2: http://youtu.be/fHt-GaMEGBE
Red Eye Red eye occurs when the retina of a
subject’s eye is reflected by the camera flash It commonly occurs in photograph's of a
subject in a darkened room because the subject's irises are wide open
Red eye is easy to fix in Photoshop Select the red eye tool hidden under the
spot healing brush Click on the red area of the eye Video: http://youtu.be/XDKdGw0w8ws
Sharpening Edges Photoshop has several filters that
sharpen areas of an image All of them focus blurry images by
increasing the contrast of adjacent pixels
Filter > sharpen > there are sseveral sharpening filters, but the “unsharp mask” will give you more options to change
Video: http://youtu.be/XGO8NNQvCds
Merge Layers When two or more layers become one
layer Method 1: Layer menu > merge down
or merge visible or merge layers (selected)
Method 2: right click on the layer in the layers panel to merge
Select layers to choose which to merge, or use default options
Create a PDF sheethttp://youtu.be/OzJHUf8IJgI Portable Document Format To create a PDF image gallery
Launch Bridge Choose the Output workspace – Output Select the images we want on the gallery,
press CTRL + Click to select different images, or Shift + Click the first and last image to select all images
Then work your way down the Output panel to the save button.
Flatten Image Flatten image takes all the layers and
flattens them into one layer This is helpful in reducing file size Method 1: Layer > flatten image Method 2: Right click the layer and go
to flatten image Video: http://youtu.be/2UcHaAkCBjg
Define a Pattern
You can take any drawing/image and turn it into a pattern
First create/draw your pattern Select what you want to be your pattern Edit > define pattern > name your pattern Select where you want your pattern to fill – if you
don’t select anything, you will fill the entire layer Add a new layer Edit > Fill > Pattern > choose your pattern of
choice Video: http://youtu.be/2UcHaAkCBjg
Alpha Channels Special grayscale channels An image can contain up to 56 channels,
including all color and alpha channels All channels are 8-bit grayscale images, capable
of displaying 256 levels of gray. You can specify a name, color, mask option, and
opacity for each All new channels have the same dimensions and
number of pixels as the original You can edit the mask in an alpha channel using
the painting tools, editing tools, and filters
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