Identify the major bones of the skeleton and describe its function
Understand the concept of antagonistic muscles
Label major features of a synovial joint
Identify the major features and functions of the human circulatory system
Outline the basic composition of human blood
Identify the major features and functions of arteries, veins and capillaries
Label the features of the human heart.
Understand the basic process of respiration
Identify the major features of the human respiratory system
Describe the mechanics of breathing
Distinguish between respiration and breathing
Identify the features of the male and female reproductive systems
Explain how fertilisation occurs in humans
http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/primary/science/animal_support_systems/index.html
http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/primary/science/how_my_body_moves/index.html
http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/primary/science/body_frame_functions/index.html
http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/primary/science/body_frame_skeleton/index.html
When a muscle contracts (shortens) it pulls on the tendon which pulls on the bone to cause movement.
Muscles work in pairs because they can only pull, not push (one pulls arm up, other pulls arm down)
Pairs of muscles work in the opposite direction –antagonistic pairs
Tendons connect muscle to bone
Ligaments link bones
Many animals have skeletal systems that are very similar to ours.
Our leg is very much like that of a chicken leg including:
• femur (thigh bone)• knee (hinge joint)• fibula and tibia (smaller bones of the shin)• cartilage• ligaments
These are all part of our skeletal system. Beyond that, we also have similar muscle structure, tendons, fat, and skin. We will be exploring each of these similar characteristics.
Tissue Colour Stretchiness HardnessAre Fibres
Visible?
Thickness
(mm)
Skin
Muscle
Tendon
Ligament
Cartilage
Tissue Colour Stretchiness HardnessAre Fibres
Visible?
Thickness
(mm)
Skinwhite No Soft No 1mm
MusclePink Yes Soft Yes 30mm
TendonWhite No Very hard No 2mm
Ligament White/
greyNo Soft No 2mm
CartilageWhite No Soft No
3mm
Dissecting a Chicken LegCheck for Understanding
Match the Vocabulary word to the correct definition:
cartilage
ligament
tendon
fat
skin
muscle
blood vessel
bone
joint
A). Fibers that contract and relax to effect body movement
B). An elastic tube through which blood circulates.
C). A tough, semi-rigid, calcified part of the skeleton
D). connects two bones together.
E). protective covering
F). It covers the surface of joints, allowing bones to slide over
one another, thus reducing friction and preventing damage.
Keeps bones from touching one another.
G). connects muscle to bone
H). A point of connection between two movable parts
I). is important in energy metabolism, heat insulation and
cushioning. A yellow jelly-like substance.
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/
biology/pc/learnPathLessons/LPL3/frameset.
htm
http://e-
learningforkids.org/Courses/EN/blood_circul
ation/base.htm?cs_value=1&mastery_score=0
29/01/2015
29/01/2015
Transports nutrients, water, and oxygen to your billions of body cells so they can function
Carries away wastes such as carbon dioxide that body cells produce.
Parts of the Circulatory System
The HeartThe BloodBlood Vessels – Arteries, veins,
capillaries
http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/
biology/pc/learningsteps/SOHLC/launch.htm
l
http://www.e-
learningforkids.org/Courses/Liquid_Animatio
n/Body_Parts/Blood/index.html
29/01/2015
29/01/2015
Blood carries food, oxygen and
hormones to the cells around your
body, it removes wastes, carbon
dioxide and extra heat from the
cells.
Blood is made up of:
• Plasma – saline solution, blood
is mostly this
• Red blood cells – transport CO2
& O2
• Blood platelets – clotting agent
• White blood cells – fight
infection
Gases move from high to low concentration
CO2 moves out of cells and into blood
O2 moves out of blood and into cells
Ribs, diaphragm and lungs move to change
pressure to cause air to move in and out of
lungs
Inhaling oxygen
Exhaling
carbon dioxide
Page 184 Scipad
Converting oxygen and glucose into energy to
be used by muscles
Produces carbon dioxide and water as a
waste
http://lrrpublic.cli.det.nsw.edu.au/lrrSecure
/Sites/Web/skoool/bio/sim/breathing%20and
%20respiration/index.htm
http://www.e-
learningforkids.org/Courses/Liquid_Anima
tion/Body_Parts/Heart_and_Circulation/i
ndex.html
http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biol
ogy/pc/learningsteps/FRMLC/launch.html
http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biol
ogy/pc/learningsteps/MRSLC/launch.html
http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biol
ogy/pc/learningsteps/HUFLC/launch.html
1. Scapula
2. Humerous
3. Ulna
4. Radius
5. Ribcage
6. Vertebrae
7. Pelvis
8. Femur
9. Oesophagus
10. Stomach
11. Duodenum
12. Liver
13. Gall bladder
14. ?
15. Pancreas
16. Small intestine
17. Appendix
18. Large intestine
19. Rectum
20. Anus
21. Kidney
22. Ureter
23. Bladder
24. Urethra
25. Vans deferens
26. Testes
27. Penis
28. Larynx
29. Trachea
30. Bronchus
31. Lung
32. Heart
33. Diaphragm
34. Clavicle
35. Sternum
36. ribs
Top Related