Medical Literature & Medical Literature & Information RetrievalInformation Retrieval
Yaming Huang (also Anne Huang)Xiaoning WangYuhong QiuYuhong Zhao School of Information Managent & Information System (Medical)/ the LibraryChina Medical University
Section 1: IntroductionSection 1: IntroductionWhy do we learn this course?What are the core contents of
this course?Agenda, requirements and
examinationIntroduction to medical literature
and information retrieval
Why do we learn this course?Why do we learn this course? To be of information To be of information literacyliteracy
This course is aiming at Medical School Objectives Project (MOSP)
The Medical School Objectives Project (MSOP) is an AAMC ( Association of American Medical Colleges) initiative
MSOP’s goals
Why do we learn this course? Why do we learn this course? To be of information To be of information literacyliteracy
Medical School Objectives Project The Goals and Objectives of Medical Student Education:
Physicians must be altruistic. Physicians must be knowledgeable.
◦ …An understanding of the need to engage in lifelong learning to stay abreast of relevant scientific advances…
Physicians must be skillful.◦ …The ability to communicate effectively, both orally and in
writing, with patients, patients’ families, colleagues, and others with whom physicians must exchange information in carrying out their responsibilities…
Physicians must be dutiful.◦ …The ability to retrieve (from electronic databases
and other resources), manage, and utilize biomedical information for solving problems and making decisions that are relevant to the care of individuals and populations…
Why do we learn this course?Why do we learn this course? To be of information To be of information literacyliteracy
Global Minimum Essential Requirements in Medical Education - Management of Information:
· search, collect, organize and interpret health and biomedical information from different databases and sources;· retrieve patient-specific information from a clinical data system;· use information and communication technology to assist in diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures, and for surveillance and monitoring health status;· understand the application and limitations of information technology;· maintain records of his/her practice for analysis and improvement.
Why do we learn this course? Why do we learn this course? Target professional valuable information Target professional valuable information and use itand use it
Information is exploding upon us◦ There is an Information explosion upon us.
Large amounts of information resources are surrounding us. As a medical student, information literacy is necessary.
Focusing on academic, authoritative, reliable biomedical professional information is of paramount importance.◦ They can help you to learn the world-wide
leading knowledge. ◦ This course will help you to focus on them.
Core contents of this Core contents of this coursecourse
How to retrieve literature databases? ◦Searching PubMed: for medical articles◦Searching Cochrane Library: for clinical
evidence, practice guideline …How to use other information
resources on the Internet ◦general search engines◦medical search engines◦healthcare organizations & institutions◦famous medical journals…
Agenda of this courseAgenda of this course Oct 27 8:00
◦ Section 1: Introduction and the structure of literature database (PubMed)
Oct. 29 10:10; Nov. 3 8:00; Nov. 5 10:10◦ Section 2: Searching literature database-PubMed, etc.
Nov. 10 8:00; Nov. 12 10:10◦ Section 3: Searching evidence-Cochrane Library, etc. Nov.17 8:00; Nov.19 10:10◦ Section 4: General and medical search engines
Nov.24 8:00; Nov.26 10:10◦ Section 5: Other Information Resources on the Internet
Note that the above “red” lectures are for exercises on online computers in the electrical reading room on the 5th floor of the library. And the other lectures will be performed in the 94th classroom.
Requirements of this Requirements of this coursecourseSure to be present at the classDo your exercises and homework
as well , record your answers to the questions in a word file and email the file to me ([email protected] or [email protected]) before Nov. 30.
Learning results Learning results evaluationevaluation
It contains two parts: ◦terminal examination ( accounting
for 70%?)◦ + ◦Exercises ( accounting for 30%?)
Introduction to Medical Introduction to Medical Literature and Information Literature and Information RetrievalRetrieval
Literature classification, especially based on originality
Steps to finding information
Literature classificationLiterature classificationThere are many classification
basing on a variety of criteria.Depending on originality, they
can be categorized as ◦Primary documents◦secondary documents◦tertiary documents
Primary documents are usually the first formal appearance of results in the print or electronic literature.
Some examples of primary documents: scientific journal articles reporting experimental research
results proceedings of Meetings, Conferences and Symposia. technical reports dissertations or theses patents letters and correspondence original documents
Secondary sources works which repackage, reorganize, reinterpret, summarize, index or otherwise "add value" to the new information reported in the primary literature.
Some examples of second sources:
Indexing and abstracting tools used to locate primary sources.
The majority of literature databases belong to secondary sources, e.g. ,
PubMed
Chemical Abstract
Biological Abstract
Embase
Science Citation Index
Keyterm Context Terms Ref. No.
Human (Hominidae)
Cardiovascular Medicine/aged/male/…………..5677 R
AIDS
Behavior/Epidemiology/immune system disease.13132
Subject Index of Biological Abstracts
Tertiary sources are materials in which the information from secondary sources has been "digested" - reformatted and condensed, to put it into a convenient, easy-to-read form.
Some examples of tertiary sources: reviews or editorials dictionaries and encyclopedias guidebooks, manuals textbooks
Steps to finding information/documentSteps to finding information/document
5 Essential Steps:
1. Deciding what you are looking for2. Deciding where to look for information3. Knowing how to look for the information
you need4. Evaluating the information you find5. Acknowledging and listing your sources
Steps to finding Steps to finding information/documentinformation/document1.1. Deciding what you are looking Deciding what you are looking forfor
what are the key concepts in your topic? List them. Are they words or terms? Or else, authors? universities or institutes? journals?...
do you understand all the terms involved? If not, consult an encyclopedia or dictionary
what would be the best search terms to use? List them, but be willing to add and subtract from your list.
Steps to finding Steps to finding information/documentinformation/document2. Where to look for the information 2. Where to look for the information you desire?you desire?
online databases Pubmed
Embase BIOSIS (Biological Abstract) Web of Science (Science Citation Index) SciFinder (Chemical Abstracts)
Web sites – via google or hub sites directories
professional organizations online medical journals medical portals……
Steps to finding Steps to finding information/documentinformation/document3.Knowing how to look for the 3.Knowing how to look for the information you needinformation you need
If the key concepts you list are terms/words, ◦Summarize your topic in one or two
sentences◦Identify the unique idea or concepts
associated with your topic◦Choose appropriate keywords for each
concept◦Establish the relationship between each
keyword or concept
Steps to finding information/documentSteps to finding information/document3.Knowing how to look for the information you need3.Knowing how to look for the information you need
In medical literature databases, especially in PubMed, we can use Subject searching or keyword searching
A "Keyword" searching will search titles, subjects, abstracts, etc.
Most search engines use keywords which you select to relate to the concept and you expect to find mentioned in the article of interest.
Steps to finding information/documentSteps to finding information/document3.Knowing how to look for the information you need3.Knowing how to look for the information you need
A "Subject" search searches only assigned subject headings.
Concepts can often be described in different ways and with different terms. Many indexes and databases use a standardized list of subject terms to describe topics (called a controlled vocabulary).
For example, if you know a database uses the term "aged" as a standardized subject heading, you can do one search for the subject "aged" and know that you have also retrieved articles on "senior citizens" and "elderly." Some databases will offer a thesaurus to direct you to their chosen subject headings.
For detail, please refer to Section 2: PubMed.
Steps to finding information/documentSteps to finding information/document4. Evaluating the information you find4. Evaluating the information you findRetrieval performance evaluationRetrieval performance evaluation
Have you got all you desired?Have you found exactly what you
desired?If not, redesign your search
strategy and try further more.
Steps to finding Steps to finding information/documentinformation/document5. Acknowledging and Listing 5. Acknowledging and Listing SourcesSources
Proves your work has a substantial, factual basis
Shows the research you’ve done to reach your conclusions
Allows your reader to identify & find the references including images, tables, figures.
Acknowledges the authors whose work you used
—Section 1: Introduction
Top Related