Measurement
A number and a unit that define a quantity
Time Distance Length Volume Temperature
Rough values Estimations Guesses Not very accurate
or precise
About 10m Approximately 15g Around 5ml
Exact values Quantitative
observations Very accurate and
precise
6.7m 8.3g 14.0ml
Types of measurement Distance Volume Mass and weight Temperature Time
Distance
Measures length, width, or height
Units – cm, m, km Tools – ruler,
meterstick, trundle wheel
Volume
Measures capacity Units – mL, L, cm3
Tools – graduated cylinder, beaker
* volume of a regularly shaped object is
l x w x h measured with a ruler
Mass and weight Measures the
amount of matter an object has or how much it weighs.
Units – g, kg, mg Tools – scales and
balances
Mass and weight are not the same thing Mass is the
measurement of the amount of matter in an object
Mass does not change
It is the amount of stuff an object is made of
Weight is the measurement of the gravitational pull on an object
Weight changes based on the objects position in the uiverse
Your weight on the moon is 1/6 of your weight on Earth.
Your mass on the moon is exactly the same as your mass on Earth
Temperature
Measures how hot or cold something is
Measures the total kinetic energy of an object
Units – 0C, 0F, K Tools -
thermometer
Time
Measures the amount of time necessary for something to occur
Units – s, min, hr, day, week, etc…
Tools – stopwatch, clock, watch
SI Units International System of Units
Metric System
The metric system of measurement is based on multiples of 10
Prefixes are used to indicate what multiple of 10 the base unit is being multiplied by
Base Units For mass: gram (g)
For volume: liter (L)
For distance or length: meter (m)
For time: second (s)
Prefix Symbol Decimal Factor
Tera T 1000000000000 1 x 1012
Giga G 1000000000 1 x 109
Mega M 1000000 1 x 106
Kilo k 1000 1 x 103
Hecto h 100 1 x 102
Deka da 10 1 x 101
Deci d 0.1 1 x 10-1
Centi c 0.01 1 x 10-2
Milli m 0.001 1 x 10-3
Micro μ 0.000001 1 x 10-6
Nano n 0.000000001 1 x 10-9
Pico p 0.000000000001 1 x 10-12
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