Agenda
• Mini-DST (Pressure, Permeability, Skin, PI)
• Mini-Frac (Minimum Horizontal Stress)
• Long Spacing MDT configuration
2
MDT (Modular Dynamic Tester)
3
• MDT modularity helps to customize tool string based on job objectives
• There is a main flowline throughout the tool
• Each module may have its own flow line isolated from main flow line by valves
• Module functionalities are customized to achieve the objective of the specific module task
The Modular Dynamics Tester (MDT) is an open hole wireline instrument primarilyused for measuring vertical pressure distribution in a reservoir, as well as forrecovering formation fluid samples.
Primary Objective of Formation Tester
4
FormationPressure
Dual Packer Module (PA)
5
Now we can use 2xPA to increase the spacing even more than 11m
Interval valve
Strain gauge
Quartz gauge
1m1.6m2.5m3.4m0.4m
Inlet Port
Bypass flowline
• Pressure Test in CBM• Mini-DST • Mini-Frac• Sampling
Packer Diameter Max Temp. Pressure Hole Diameterin DegC psi Min (in) Max (in)5 175 20,000 6 7⅕
6 ¾ 175 20,000 7 ⅞ 9 ⅝8 ⅟2 175 20,000 12 ⅟4 14
Pump Module
6
• Pump-In
• Pump-Out
• Pump between modules
Flexible Pump Rate
7
Pump Displacement
Unit
Stroke Size
Min. Flow Rate (Rough Estimation)
Max. Flow Rate (Rough Estimation)
Min. Flow Rate (Rough Estimation)
Max. Flow Rate (Rough Estimation)
B/D B/D cc/sec cc/sec
Standard 485 2.3 19.6 4.3 36
High Pressure
366 1.8 15.2 3.3 28
Extra-High Pressure
170 1.3 10.9 2.4 20
MDT MINI-DST
8
IPTT (Mini-DST)
9
• Determination of:– Pressure
– Permeability
– Skin
– Rate Dependent Skin
– Productivity Index
– AOFP
What is Mini-DSTPr
essu
rePu
mp
rate
PRESSURE TRANSEINT
IPTT (Mini-DST) Example
11
LONG SPACING CONFIGURATION
12
Long Spacing Configuration
13
Lower Pumpout Module
Single Probe Module
Gamma Ray and Telemetry
Upper Exit Port
Lower Exit Port
Upper Pumpout Module
1m
3.4m
7.5m
9.9m
11.4m
Long Spacing Configuration
14
Pressure Derivative Plot
15
K.H= 14.4 mD.mH= 9mK=1.6 mDSkin=-1.49
Multi-Seam Tests
16
Tota
lZo
ne 2
Zone
1
Build-Up(Both Zones)
Build-Up(Zone 1)
Build-Up(Zone 2)
Build-Up(Zone 1)
Build-Up(Zone 2)
Multi-Seam Tests
17
Tota
lZo
ne 2
Zone
1
1E-3 0.01 0.1 1 10Time [min]
0.1
1
10
Pres
sure
[psi
]
test 1-430.8m-442.2m_Bottom Packer_PAQP_Zone 2 Rate.ks3 - Analysis 2test 1-430.8m-442.2m_Top Packer_PAQP2_Zone 1 Rate.ks3 - Analysis 2Test4 (Repeat of Test 1).ks3 - Analysis 3 (ref)
Current Available Long Spacing Configurations
19
Mini-DST Limitations/ Challenges
• Packer to be seat over good calliper Sand/Shale formations (<20% ovality)
• Pressure differential Limitations – Depend on Packer Type and hole Size
• 1200psi for 8.5in hole
• 500 psi for long Spacing MDT
• Maximum Pump Rate (~19 BB/D)– Closed Chamber Test using air cushion empty
sample chamber
20
MDT MINI-FRAC
21
Mini-Frac
22
• Geomechanical Applications:– Wellbore Stability
– Sand Production
– Design of Hydraulic Fracturing
• Well Trajectory and Completion Design
• Reservoir Management– Understand Initial Natural Fracture
Distributions
– Understand Fractures Created By Water Injectors
– Understand Time Dependent Effects
What is Mini-FRACPr
essu
rePu
mp
rate
Fracture Initiation Pressure
Fracture Propagation Pressure
Fracture Closure Pressure
Before After
Mini-FRAC & GeomechanicsPr
essu
re
Fracture Initiation Pressure (Pi)
Fracture Propagation Pressure
Fracture Closure Pressure (σh)
Pr: Pore pressure (reservoir pressure)T: Tensile strength
Mini-Frac Limitations/Advantages• Maximum Differential Pressure
– Depend on wellbore• 3500 psi for 8.5in hole
• Pump Rate against Cleats permeability may limit Injection pressure
• Higher chance of closure observation in adjacent sand/shale
• Flow Controller module for flow back test• Multi-Rate pump for Step Rate/Down test• No need for injection surface facility• Mini-Frac/DST at the same run/same station• IFT and Mini-DST test at same station
25
MDT Support• Pre-job Planning• Real-Time Monitoring and Interpretation
(InterACT)
• Post Job Interpretation Report• Post Job Presentation/SQ Meetings
26
MDT Long Spacing Added Values
27
Features Conventional DST MDT Long Spacing Advantages
Accurate downhole Rate Measurement NO YES
Accurate Permeability & Skin Estimation
Real-Time control over RateMulti-Rate Drawdown
Rate Dependent Skin estimationProductivity Index EstimationHigh resolution Build-up Data,
Hence successful test in low perm coals
Faster and More reliable test results
Multi-Coal Test in one descent
No (sometimes Yes if previous test did not add too much of cushion head and straddle Interval won't need to be
changed)
Yes (Unlimited)
Real-time Data Yes YesOptimizing test time/ Faster and
more reliable test resultsTechnical Support (Prejob
design, Real-time monitoring, Post Job free Interpretation)
Partially Yes. Yes
Flexible Straddle Interval in one descend
NoYes (Currently 1m, 1.6m, 2.5m,
3.4m, 7.5m, 9.9m, 11.4m/11.9m)
Flexible Straddle Interval in one descend
Yes currently up to 11.9m Testing Thick coals
No YesMulti-Seam Test in one Inflation
(higher resolution Perm/Skin estimation)
No Yes Vertical Interference testEnough signal to Noise ratio
in super permeable coalsYes
Yes (Using empty SC configured with 100 psi air cushion)
DST, IFT and DFIT test in one run/at each station
No Yes
Surface facility for Injection Test
Yes No
Downhole Sampling and Contamination Monitoring
No Yes
Questions are welcomed
28
Top Related