Mauri Kaipainen
Multiperspective explorability of tag spaces
Mauri Kaipainen, Katrin Niglas, Peeter Normak, Jaagup Kippar
Mauri Kaipainen
KERG
Perspectives to Web 2.0 • cognitive• social• design
Mauri Kaipainen
Competences from:• Cognitive science• Computer science• Education• Statistics
Mauri Kaipainen
Core issue: Ontologies of Web 2.0?
How to make sense of the conceptual polyphony of everyone’s democratic Web 2.0?
Report of work in progress.
Mauri Kaipainen
Focus: Collaborative taggingExamples:• Flickr• YouTube• Del.icio.us• CiteULike=>Collaborative sensemaking =
’definition of conceptualization’
Mauri Kaipainen
Tag space
The accumulation of tags in a collaborative tagging system as shared conceptual space.
Mauri Kaipainen
Tag space as ontology
”An ontology is a specification of a conceptualization” (Gruber 1993)
What dimensions define the tag space?
Mauri Kaipainen
Tag space as ontological space (ontospace)
Mauri Kaipainen
Soft ontology
• Open ended• Non-hierarchical (flat)• Allows constant redefinition
(perspectives)
Elaboration of Aviles...Kaipainen et al. (2003)
Mauri Kaipainen
Soft ontology as matrix
QuickTime™ jaTIFF (LZW) pakkauksen purkuohjelma
tarvitaan elokuvan katselemiseen.
Add tags =ontodimensions
Explore!Give your weights to tags =
perspective
Mauri Kaipainen
Perspective to ontospace
Mauri Kaipainen
Perspective visualizationVisualization of
ontospace from chosen perspective with:
• Multidimensional Scaling (MDS, Kruskal & Wish 1978)
Similarity clustering
Mauri Kaipainen
Multi-Perspective Exploration - Why?• Go ’beyond the information given’ (Bruner
1973)! Hands-on ontology! • Recognizing different views to the ontospace• Explicate and analyse one’s own perspectives,
premises• Share perspectives (Compare to photo
angles!)• Ecology, immersion in conceptual world! (Ulric
Neisser in the era... => Games)
Mauri Kaipainen
Exploration as knowledge building
Neisser’s perceptual cycle (1976)
emphasizes the systemic nature of cognitive ecology
Mauri Kaipainen
Perceptual cycles and shared ontology as object of exploration
Sharedontology
Mauri Kaipainen
Characteristics of the system• Ecology, complex system• Iterative, continuous• Knowledge building
– Social: Shared domain– Individual: Private perspectives
Mauri Kaipainen
Prototype of exploration tool: Perspective by sliders
• Slider interface to explore perspectives
=> Similarity clustering
Mauri Kaipainen
Exploration tool: Content item characterized
Mauri Kaipainen
Soft search
• Consider best hit it with respect to the next-best ones
• Why this result? What if? Try different perspectives
=> Iterative feedback to schema!
Mauri Kaipainen
Soft distinctions
• Explore the effect of taking into account another ontodimension
• Better distinction?
Mauri Kaipainen
Summary: Hands on ontology!• Going ”beyond the information
given” Bruner (1973)• Allows hands on exploration of
ontology• Supports individual knowledge
building
Mauri Kaipainen
Summary: Sharing ontology• Ontospace and the exploration tool
can be built into online applications!
• Individual perspectives made shareable– Understanding the other– Elaborating common concepts
Mauri Kaipainen
Conclusions
How to make sense of conceptual polyphony of ’democratic’ Web 2.0 concepts?
a) Experts’ top down fixed ontology definitions, or
b) Democratic soft ontologies and multiperspective exploration
Mauri Kaipainen
Conclusions
Proposed• Interaction with ontospace as a means
of cognitive-social knowledge building• Repurposing a statistical method to
allow real-time multi-perspective exploration of ontospaces
• Transition from sharing a domain to sharing perspectives
Mauri Kaipainen
Discussion
Multiperspective exploration:• ’Immersion’ to concretized virtual
conceptual spaces?• Exploration ≈ playing around =>
game-like approach to complex information domains
Mauri Kaipainen
Discussion
• Other application areas besides collaborative tagging
• Methodology: Mixed qualitative-quantitative methods (Niglas & Kaipainen in press)
• Political space• Geotagging (Taggin’ Tallinn)• All sensemaking of complex domains!
Mauri Kaipainen
References
http://imke.tlu.ee/mediawiki/index.php?title=Mpx#References
Mauri Kaipainen
Lev ManovichStudia GeneraliaTallinn 08.10.2007
http://www.tlu.ee/imke/manovich/
Mauri Kaipainen
Thank you for attention!
Discussion wiki:http://imke.tlu.ee/mediawiki/index.php?title=Mpx
Email:[email protected]
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