Whole Number: An integer which has 1 or more
units and can be positive or negative. A whole number doesn't contain a fraction.
Fraction: a part or piece of a whole
=1
Multiple: The multiples of a whole number (2,3,4, etc.) are
found by taking the product (X) of any counting number and that whole number.
Example 1: Find the multiples of the whole number 4.
Multiplication: 4 x 1 4 x 2 4 x 3 4 x 4 4 x 5 4 x 6 4 x 7 4 x 8
Multiples of 4: 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32
Standard Form: the number
Example: 1,234
Expanded Form: a way to write numbers to show the place value of each digit
Example: 1,000 + 200 + 30 + 4
Word Form: writing out a number using words
Example: one thousand, two hundred, thirty-four
Prime Number: a number that has only itself and one as factors.
Examples: 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17
Composite: a number with more than 2 factors.
Example: 6 (factors are 1, 6 and 2,3)
Example: 15 (factors are 1, 15 and 3, 5)
Less than A comparison between two numbers that shows
the smaller amount
23,740 < 24,000
3/10 < 7/10
Round: to find the nearest ten, hundred, thousand, etc.
Example: Round 372 to the nearest hundred
1. Find the digit in the hundreds place (3)2. Underline it3. Move one digit to the right (7)
“1-4 hit the floor” or “5-9 up the line”
4. Since the number is (7) round the (3) to a 4.5. The answer is 400.
Value: the value of the place of a digit in a number.
3,425,718
The value of the 4 is: 400,000
The value of the 1 is: 10
Odd Number: a whole number that ends in 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9 and can’t be divided by 2.
Example: 37 is odd
Even Number: a whole number that ends in 0,2,4,6, or 8 and can be divided by 2.
Example: 86
Fact Family: Number sentences that relate addition (+) and subtraction (-)
or multiplication (x) and division ( ).
6+8=14 8+6=14
14-6=8 14-6=8
7x5=35 5x7=35
35 7= 5 35 5=7
Commutative Property (addition and multiplication)
Changing the order of the addends does not change the sum.
3+7=10
7+3=10
Changing the order of numbers we multiply does not change
the product.
4x8=32
8x4=32
Sum-the answer to and addition problem 3+4=7
Difference- the answer to a subtraction problem 8-3=5
Product-the answer to a multiplication problem 4x5=20
Quotient- the answer to a division problem 30 5=6
Pattern: a set of repeated numbers, shapes, letters…
3, 7, 11, 5, 19
aa b aa b aa b aa b aa b
∆●◊∆●◊∆●◊∆●◊∆●◊∆●◊
Pictograph Bar Graph Pie Graph Line Graph Line Plot Tally Table
Shows info using pictures
Shows info using bars
(horizontal or vertical)
Shows info in a circle divided
into parts
Uses lines to connect data
A graph showing the frequency of
data on a number line.
Shows data using tally
marks
Data Displays: a way to represent facts or information
Working with Data
Mean (average): found by adding up the data and dividing by that number.
Median (middle number): found by putting data in order and locating the middle number. If there are 2-average them.
Mode (most often): the number that is seen the most in the data.
Example: 2 + 3 + 10 + 5 = 20 20 4= 5 5 is the mean
Example: 1, 4, 3, 6, 9, 2, 4
Put them in order: 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 6, 9
Find the middle number: 1,2,3,4,4,6,9
Example: 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7
Mode is 4 because that is the number seen the most.
Range (subtract highest and lowest): the difference between the highest and lowest number in the data.
Likelihood and Probability
Example: 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7Subtract highest (7) – lowest (1)Range is: 7- 1 = 6.
Impossible: an event will not happen (The day after Tuesday is Saturday.)
Unlikely: the event probably will not happen(It will snow in July in Florida.)
Equally likely: the event may or may not happen (You flip heads if you toss a coin.)
Likely: the event probably will happen (It will snow in January in Kentucky.)
Certain: the event will definitely happen(If you add 2 + 2 you will get 4.)
Probability: Possible total
Combinations: to find the total number of possible combos multiply the number of choices by each other.
Combinations: Blue shirt, brown shorts Blue shirt, grey shorts Green shirt, brown shorts Green shirt, grey shorts White shirt, brown shorts
White shirt, grey shorts
3 x 2 = 6 combinations
Shirt ShortsBlue BrownGreen GreyWhite
Fractions that are equal:½ = 2/4, 3/6, 4/8¼ = 2/8, 3/12, 4/16¾ = 6/8, 9/12, 12/16
To find an equivalent fraction remember that what you do to the top, you must do to the bottom.
To measure Unit of measurement Tools usedLength Inches, feet, yards, miles,
centimeters, meters, kilometers…
Ruler, yard stick, measuring tape, odometer
Weight Grams, ounces, pounds, tons…
Scale
Temperature Degrees (Celsius and Fahrenheit)
Thermometer
Time Seconds, minutes, hours, weeks, months…
Clock
Liquid capacity Cups, gallons, quarts, liters… Measuring cups, etc.
Commons Conversions:
Length Weight Time Liquid12 inches (in) = 1 foot (ft)
36 inches = 3 feet = 1 yard
5, 280 feet = 1 mile
16 ounces (oz) = 1 pound (lbs)
2000 pounds = 1 ton
60 seconds = 1 minute
60 minutes = 1 hour
24 hours = 1 day
7 days= 1 week
52 weeks = 1 year
2 cups = 1 pint
2 pints = 1 quart
4 quarts = 1 gallon
Types of angles:Right Angle Acute Angle Obtuse Angle
equal to 90 ° Less than 90° More than 90 but less than 180°
a straight figure that goes on forever
Part of a line with two end points
A line that extends from a point
Lines that cross to form four right angles
Lines that never intersect
Lines that cross
Measuring Circles:
Diameter: the distance across a circleCircumference: the distance around a circle measured by the Diameter (D) x ∏=CRadius: the distance from the center of a circle to the edge. The radius x 2 = diameter
BY THEIR SIDES
Scalene - no congruent sides.
Isosceles - two congruent sides.(DF = FE)
Equilateral - three congruent sides.
BY THEIR ANGLES
Acute - all angles measure less than 90º.
Right - one angle measures exactly 90º.
Obtuse - one angle measures more than 90º.
Top Related