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ROSSANO SCHIFANELLA
@NYC Center for Data Science
MAPPING THE SENSORIAL LAYERS OF A CITY
Dec 14rd, 2016
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Who am I?
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DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS RECOMMENDER SYSTEMS
TURIN
@UNITO
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NETWORK SCIENCE HUMAN COMPUTING
CROWDSOURCING
BLOOMINGTON
@IU
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LONDON
BARCELONA
URBAN COMPUTING MACHINE LEARNING
BEHAVIOURAL STUDIES COMPUTATIONAL *
NEW YORK
@Yahoo
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CAMBRIDGE
URBAN COMPUTING COMPUTATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCE
@Nokia Bell Labs
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WORLD URBANIZATION PROSPECTS: THE 2014 REVISION @UNITED NATIONS
HUMANITY IS URBAN
30% 54% 66%1950 2014 2050
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EFFICIENT.SUSTAINABLE.SMART
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SHAKESPEARE, CORIOLANUS
“ WHAT IS A CITY BUT PEOPLE? ”
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EFFICIENT.SUSTAINABLE.SMART
SOCIAL.HEALTHY.HAPPY+
HOW DIGITAL DATA CAN BE USED TO STUDY URBAN PHENOMENA AT SCALE
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URBAN SENSING
CULTURALSOCIAL ECONOMIC
POLICY MAKERSAPPS DEV
URBAN DESIGNERS
HOW THE PHYSICAL CONTEXT AFFECTS ACTIONS AND, ULTIMATELY, WELL BEING.
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SMELLY MAPSHow does a city smell?
CHATTY MAPSHow does a city sound?
HAPPY MAPSHow visually pleasant is a city?
1
2
3
HAPPY MAPS
GET THE SHORT AND PLEASANT ROUTE
H y p e r Tex t 2 0 1 4
A
B
SHORTEST
SHORT and PLEASANT
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HOW?
URBANGEMS.ORG: online web game collect a ground truth on collective perception of quiet, beautiful and happy urban sceneries.
COLLECT URBAN PERCEPTIONS IN LONDON
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HOW?
COLLECT URBAN PERCEPTIONS IN LONDON
Paths are weighted not only on distance but also on how pleasant they are.
GENERATE EMOTIONALLY-AWARE ROUTES
-Path from Euston Square and Tate Modern -3 situations (happy, quiet, beauty scenarios) -4 paths to vote on a Likert scale (paths are
unlabeled)
SURVEY IN LONDON
-Peaceful, historical, and distinctive are good urban qualities
-Busy is the most frequently mentioned negative quality.
-No consensus on contrasting qualities (e.g., historical/charming vs. busy) or experience drastic changes over time (e.g., busy during the week, and lovely in the weekend).
TAKEAWAYS
URBANGEMS.ORG: online web game collect a ground truth on collective perception of quiet, beautiful and happy urban sceneries.
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coordinates
WHERE
WHENtimestamp
WHATtext+visual+audio
WHOauthor
WHYintent, context
(lon, lat, t)
TREEPEOPLE
GRASS
STREET
TRASH BINSTREET LIGHT
Wonderful day at the park #nature
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HOW?
Can we predict beauty scores out of social media?
GENERALIZATION USING SOCIAL MEDIA
-For each street segment we extract: -Number of pictures (density), number of
views, of favorites, of comments, and tags -Tags (LIWC dictionary, 72 categories)
-Extract features that are significantly correlated with beauty scores -Example: density, ’posemo’, ‘negemo’, ‘swear’,
‘anx’ (anxiety), ‘sad’, and ‘anger’ LIWC categories
-Build a linear model to predict beauty
METHOD
7M geolocated photos in London
DATA
COLLECT URBAN PERCEPTIONS IN LONDON
Paths are weighted not only on distance but also on how pleasant they are.
GENERATE EMOTIONALLY-AWARE ROUTES
URBANGEMS.ORG: online web game collect a ground truth on collective perception of quiet, beautiful and happy urban sceneries.
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IS WALKABILITY QUANTIFIABLE?W W W 2 0 1 5
HOW DOES A CITY SMELL?
SMELLY MAPS
ICWSM 2015
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Humans discriminates up to 1 Trillion odorsScience 2014
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Yet, city planning can discriminate only a few bad odors
Why this negative perspective?
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Smell WalksAmsterdam, Pamplona, Glasgow, Edinburgh, Newport, Paris, New York, Singapore
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PHOTOS
436KTWEETS
1.7MPHOTOS
17M
DATA
London + Barcelona
30
DOG CAT30
BIRD
10 5
31
CO-OCCURENCE NETWORK
32
EMERGENCE OF CLUSTERS
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ANIMALS
EMISSIONSFOOD
NATURE
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Victoria Henshaw
URBAN SMELLSCAPE AROMA WHEELPositive + Negative smells
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Presence of nature, food, etc. tags
OPEN STREET MAPS
Air quality indicators
CITY OFFICIALS
VALIDATIONDo the smellscape powered by social media is
consistent with offline and online external data?
40
AIR POLLUTION vs SMELL in LONDON
-0,50
-0,38
-0,25
-0,13
0,00
0,13
0,25
0,38
0,50
NO2 PM10 PM2,5
-0,13-0,08
-0,33
0,17
0,350,47
Emissions Nature
CO
RR
ELA
TIO
N
Results are consistent across platforms and cities
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OSM NATURAL TAGS
-0,23
-0,15
-0,08
0,00
0,08
0,15
0,23
0,30
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100
Emissions smell Nature smell
# OF TAGS FOR STREET SEGMENT
CO
RR
ELA
TIO
N
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OSM FOOD TAGS
-0,10
0,00
0,10
0,20
0,30
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Food smell
# OF TAGS FOR STREET SEGMENT
CO
RR
ELA
TIO
N
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HOW DOES THE URBAN SMELLSCAPE CHANGE THROUGH TIME AND SPACE?ICWSM 2016
CHATTY MAPS
HOW DOES A CITY SOUND?
RSOS 2016
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URBAN SOUNDSCAPE WHEELBeyond noise
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EMOTIONS
To model sentiment we adopt the EmoLex lexicon that follows the 8 primary emotions from Plutchik’s psychoevolutionary theory.
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EMISSIONS
WASTECORRELATION BETWEEN EMOTIONS AND SMELLS
FOOD
NATURE
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MUSIC
HUMAN
TRAFFIC
CORRELATION BETWEEN EMOTIONS AND SOUNDS
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MUSIC
Music triggers both joy and sadness
EMOTIONS
SONIC
OLFACTORY
VISUAL
URBAN FABRIC
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DEMO
GOODCITYLIFE.ORG
ECONOMIC CAPITAL
CULTURAL CAPITAL
SOCIAL CAPITAL
MAPPING CULTURAL EXPRESSIONS AT NEIGHBORHOOD LEVEL AND CORRELATING IT WITH MEASURES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
THERE IS MUCH MORE
MAPPING INNOVATION, WEALTH, AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES AT DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHICAL GRANULARITIES
MAPPING SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AND SOCIETAL PHENOMENA, ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES, INDOOR/OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES
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