Managers & Management
Week 1
FS10321: Business Management
Let’s see your schedules!
Why are you here?
What do you want to do?
FS10321: Business Management 4
Why am I here?
• Background in Business– “Hit the ground running”
• Leadership
• Teamwork
FS10321: Business Management 5
Instructor
• Instructor: Max Minkoff
• Teaching style: Interactive!
• How to contact me: [email protected]
• Website: http://www.planetminkoff.com
• Other availability: Immediately after class
FS10321: Business Management 6
Course Content
• Teaching Strategies– Interactive Class Discussion– PowerPoint w/printed notes– Team exercises
• Textbook: Fundamentals of Management – Robbins & Decenzo
Chapter 1
Managers and Management
FS10321: Business Management 8
Common Characteristics of Organizations
FS10321: Business Management 9
Organizational Levels
FS10321: Business Management 10
Management Process• Planning
– Defining goals– Establishing strategy– Developing plans to coordinate activities
• Organizing– Tasks to be done– Who is to do them– How tasks are to be grouped– Who reports to whom– Where decisions are to be made
FS10321: Business Management 11
Management Process• Leading
– Motivating employees
– Directing others
– Selecting the most effective communication channel
– Resolving conflicts
• Controlling– Monitoring performance
– Comparing it with goals
– Correcting any significant deviations
FS10321: Business Management 12
Management Process
Activities
EXHIBIT 1.4
Management process:planning, organizing, leading, and controlling
FS10321: Business Management 13
Management Charter Initiative Competencies for Middle Managers
1. Initiate and implement change and improvement• Services, products, and systems
2. Monitor, maintain, improve service/product delivery
3. Monitor and control the use of resources
4. Secure effective resource allocation
5. Recruit and select personnel
FS10321: Business Management 14
Management Charter Initiative Competencies for Middle Managers 2
6. Develop teams, individuals, self • Enhance performance
7. Plan, allocate, & evaluate work
8. Create, maintain, & enhance relationships
9. Seek, evaluate, & organize information
10. Exchange information • Solve problems
• Make decisions
FS10321: Business Management 15
Is The Manager’s Job Universal?• Level in the organization
• Profit versus not-for-profit
• Size of organization
• Management concepts and national borders
FS10321: Business Management 16
FS10321: Business Management 17
The Industrial Revolution’s Influence On Management Practices
• Industrial revolution– Machine power began to substitute for human power
• Lead to mass production of economical goods
– Improved and less costly transportation systems• Created larger markets for goods.
– Larger organizations developed to serve larger markets• Created the need for formalized management practices.
FS10321: Business Management 18
Scientific Management• Frederick W. Taylor
– The Principles of Scientific Management (1911)• Scientific method -> “one best way” for a job to be done
– Increased efficiency from• Selecting the right people for the job
• Training them to do it precisely in the one best way.
– Favored incentive wage plans to motivate workers
– Separated managerial work from operative work
FS10321: Business Management 19
Scientific Management Contributors
• Frank and Lillian Gilbreth (1910s)– Bricklaying efficiency improvements– Time and motion studies
• Henry Gantt (1910s)– Incentive compensation systems– Gantt chart for scheduling work operations
FS10321: Business Management 20
Human Resources Approach
• Robert Owen (early 1800’s!)– Concern for employees was profitable
• Would relieve human misery
• Hugo Munsterberg (1913)– Created the field of industrial psychology
• Scientific study of individuals at work
• Maximize productivity and adjustment
FS10321: Business Management 21
Human Resources Approach
• Mary Parker Follett (1920s)– Organizations could be viewed from the
perspective of individual and group behavior.
• Chester Barnard– Organizations as social systems
• Require human cooperation.
– The Functions of the Executive (1938).
FS10321: Business Management 22
Elton Mayo’s Productivity• Hawthorne Works, Western Electric• 6 women chosen• Changes were made to work environment• Productivity was measured• Initial conditions:
– 48 hour week– Including Saturdays
• Observers put in place• Explained experiments to participants• Solicited feedback along the way
– No rest pauses
– 2,400 relays/week each.
FS10321: Business Management 23
Here’s what happened…• They were then put on piece-work for eight weeks.
• Output went up
• Two five minute rest pauses, morning and afternoon, were introduced for five weeks.
• Output went up once more
• The rest pauses were lengthened to ten minutes each.
• Output went up sharply.
• Six five minute pauses were introduced, and the girls complained that their work rhythm was broken by the frequent pauses.
• Output fell slightly
• Return to the two rest pauses, the first with a hot meal supplied by the Company free of charge.
• Output went up
FS10321: Business Management 24
Continued…
• The girls were dismissed at 4.30 p.m. instead of 5.00 p.m.
• Output went up
• They were dismissed at 4.00 p.m.
• Output remained the same
• Finally, all the improvements were taken away, and the girls went back to the physical conditions of the beginning of the experiment: work on Saturday, 48 hour week, no rest pauses, no piece work and no free meal. This state of affairs lasted for a period of 12 weeks.
• Output was the highest ever recorded averaging 3000 relays a week.
FS10321: Business Management 25
Why?
• Sense of belonging developed
• A social atmosphere
• Attention paid
• Less pressure
• Ability to develop individual work methods
FS10321: Business Management 26
Course OutlineWeek Chapter Topic
1 1 & 3 Managers & Management/Planning2 3 & 5 Planning/Organizational Design3 6 Staffing4 7 Midterm Exam5 8 Managing Change, Stress, Innovation6 9 Indiv. & Group Behavior7 10 Work Teams8 11 Motivating and Rewarding9 12 Foundations of Control10 Final
FS10321: Business Management 27
Evaluation/Technology• Grading
– 40%: Class Participation (including attendance)– 20%: Midterm Exam– 20%: Final Exam– 20%: Team Project
• Technology Needed: – Word Processing– PowerPoint– Internet
FS10321: Business Management 28
Attendance Policy
• Two absences = one full grade drop
• A third absence = an additional grade drop
• Four absences = Failure
• NOTE: – There are NO excused absences. – 2 lates and/or early departures = 1 absence.
I WILL FAIL YOU IF I HAVE TO!
FS10321: Business Management 29
Cellphone Policy
• OK if it rings– I don’t expect you to remember to turn it off
• BUT!– Don’t answer your phone in class!– Don’t step into the hall to talk
• Also– No text messaging
Chapter 3
Planning
FS10321: Business Management 31
What is Planning?
• Define goals
• Establish an overall strategy
• Develop comprehensive set of tasks
• I.e. concerned with ends and means
• Why must we plan?– Because the environment is always changing
FS10321: Business Management 32
Why Plan?• Provide direction
– Coordinates efforts– Helps everyone understand his/her role
• Facilitates teamwork
• Reduce the impact of change– Anticipate and consider change– Develop appropriate responses
• Minimize waste and redundancy• Set standards
– Facilitates control
FS10321: Business Management 33
Why Not Plan (According to Critics)
• May create rigidity– Harder to react to big changes
• May reduce creative thinking– Managers may feel the need to stick to the plan– Esp. with MBO’s (Management by Objective)– Current success may lead to future failure
• Focuses on the present– Discourages (potentially beneficial) risks– Discourages being proactive
FS10321: Business Management 34
So Should We Plan?
• Most companies that plan perform better
• For those than don’t, usually environmental– E.g. government regulation changing things
• Best plans are based on quality, not quantity
FS10321: Business Management 35
Types of Plans: Breadth
• Strategic– Broad
– Applies to entire organization
– Focus on overall goals
– General
– Forms objectives
• Tactical (Operational)– Provides details
– Narrower
– Shorter time frame
– How objectives will be met
FS10321: Business Management 36
Types of Plans: Time Frame
• Short-term– Less than one year– Better when more uncertainty– More flexibility
• Long-term– Five years or more– Required if long-term commitment is necessary
Types of Plans: Specificity• Directional
– Clearly defined objectives
– No ambiguity• No misunderstandings
– May be difficult/impossible
– General goals– Allows flexibility– Less clear
• Specific
FS10321: Business Management 38
Types of Plans: Frequency of Use
• Single-use– Meets needs of a particular situation
• Standing– Ongoing– Provide guidance for repeated actions– When process is always the same
Top Related