Lunch & Learn Project Presents to you:
“The Electric Power Grid”
By: Dexter Hypolite Electrical Engineer VIWAPA
Introduction • The electric power grid is an interconnecting
network that supplies electricity to our homes, schools and industry.
• Electricity is used for light, heating, cooling, entertainment and even studying.
• The interconnecting network consist of generating stations that produce electrical power, high-voltage transmission lines that carry power from distant sources, and distribution lines that connect individual customers
Generation
❖ Power plants is where electrical power begins
❖ Typical power plants contain steam generators or gas fired generator.
❖ Wind and Solar farms are also Power Stations
Typical Generation Demand Curve
❖ There are three types ofcurves to classify generationand loads.
❖ Integrating Megawatts (MW) yields Megawatts hours (MWh).
❖ Energy Usage is MWh.
Generation Demand Curve
❖ Consider the function :
❖ What type power station could this be?
❖ What is the maximum power that is generated (MW) and at what time?
❖ How much MWh is produced each day?
AC Power
❖ The power generated at these power stations stations are three phase AC power.
❖ Let’s understand this by taking a look at single phase AC power.
In North America and the Virgin Islands period or frequency is 60 Hz or 16.6667ms.
Three Phase AC Power
❖ In 3-Phase Power, there are 3wires plus a neutral wire.
❖ Each live wire will be offsetfrom each other by 120 degrees.
❖ You can single build a singlephase circuit from a threephase system.
Transmission
❖ Transmission Lines are used to transfer large bulk power over long distances.
❖ There voltages are much higher than generation.
❖ At a generating plant, electric power is “stepped up” to several thousand volts by a transformer and delivered to the transmission line. At numerous substations on the transmission system, transformers step down the power to a lower voltage and deliver it to distribution lines
Distribution
❖ Distribution lines carry power to farms, homes and businesses.
❖ Once the power lines have reached the city, the first step in the distribution grid is to connect to the high voltage lines, and step-down to a lower voltage for distribution
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