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LTE Advanced
February 2011
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The Biggest Platform in the History of Mankind
Note : 3G includes CDMA2000, WCDMA and TD-SCDMA
Source: Wireless Intelligence estimates as of Nov.2 , 2010 for the quarter ending Sep 30, 2010; *number of unique wireless connections
3G SUBSCRIPTIONSNOW
3G SUBSCRIPTIONSBY 2014
>5 BILLION WIRELESS SUBSCRIBERS
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LTE Has Strong Commitments
LTE MULTIMODE LAUNCHED
LAUNCHES NETWORK COMMITMENTS
TRIALS QUALCOMM MOBILITY FIELD TRIAL
LTE TDD GAINING MOMENTUM
GROWING DEVICE ECOSYSTEM
DEVICES VENDORS
Source: www.gsacom.com, J an 12 2011
http://www.gsacom.com/http://www.gsacom.com/7/29/2019 Lte Advanced Web 012811 Na Ext 0
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Qualcomm is a Leader in Research,Standards and ChipsetsCOMMITTED TO CONTINUED LTE EVOLUTION
Screenshot from the
HetNet demo, showing
range expansion of
Picocells, within o ne
macrocell
Standards Leadership A Main contributor to key
LTE Advanced features
Major contributor for ITU IMT-Advanced submission
Industry First Demos MWC 2011: Live Heterogeneous
Network Demo
Industry First LTE/3GMultimode Chipsets Commercial launch 4Q 2010
Demo at
MWC2011
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LTE AdvancedThe Global 4G Solution
Realizes Full Benefits of Heterogeneous Networks
Higher Capacity & Enhanced User ExperienceRange expansionbetter utilization of p icocells, better macro offload
Software Upgrade to Optimize HetNets
Qualcomm: LTE Advanced LeadershipOver-the-Air prototype test bed, design and standards leadership
L
T
E
A
d
v
a
nc
e
d
Heterogeneous Networks : macro network with added small cells like picocells and femtocells
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Qualcomm is a Leader in 3G and 4G
2012 2013 2014+2011
1X AdvancedCDMA20001X
SIMULTANEOUS 1X VOICE AND EV-DO DATA
DO AdvancedMulticarrier
EV-DO
Rev A H/W Upgrade
EV-DO(Rev. B)
HSPA+
AdvancedHSPA+(Future)
Rel-11 & BeyondRel-10Rel-9
HSPA+(Commercial)
Rel-8Rel-7
HSPA
Rel-11 & BeyondRel-10Rel-9Rel-8
LTEAdvanced
LTE
Created 01/24/2011
LTE Leverages new, wider
and unpaired spectrum LTE(Future)
Commercial
Note: Estimated commercial dates.
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Radio Link Improvement is Slowing,What Is Next?
Evolved 3G withAdvanced Receivers(EV-DO Rev. B & HSPA+)
Data optimized 3G(EV-DO & HSPA)
3G (IMT-2000): Voice & Data(e.g. CDMA2000 1X & WCDMA)
2G: Voice Capacity(Digital e.g. GSM & IS-95)
1G: Voice(Analog e.g. AMPS)
LTE(OFDMA)
Next Gen.
Leap
Next Gen.
Leap
Next Generation
Leap
2G
3G
1G
Evolved 3G
Radio Link
approaching
the theoretical limit
Bring network closer to useraddingsmall cells1and mitigate interference
wil l provide next leap in performance
RelativeCapacityMultiples
1Leveraging heterogeneous network topology: macro network with added small cells like picocells and femtocells
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LTE Advanced Brings Different Dimensionsof ImprovementsMost Gain From HetNets
Leverage wider
bandwidthCarrier aggregation across
multiple carriers and multiple bands
Leverage heterogeneous
network topologyWith advanced interference management
(low power picocells with adaptive resource partitioningand advanced receiver based devices)
Leverage more radio
links, more antennasDownlink MIMO up to 8x8, enhancedMU-MIMO and uplink MIMO up to 4x4
Primarily higher
data rates(bps)
Higher spectral
efficiency(bps/Hz)
Higher spectral
efficiency per
coverage area(bps/Hz/km2)
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Remote
Radio heads
Operator Deployed
Micro/Pico cells
User DeployedFemtocells
Macro provides
wide coverage Relay
Nodes
LTE Advanced Realizes Full Benefits ofHeterogeneous Networks
ADAPTIVE INTERFERENCE MANAGEMENT APPLIED TO HETNETS
Advanced interference management techniques: advanced receivers (cancels overhead channels), enhanced time-domain adaptive resource partitioning withenhanced RRM and RLM. Heterogeneous Networks : macro network with added small cells like picocells and femtocells
Significantly Higher capacityRange expansionbetter uti lizationof small cells and better macro off load
Enhances user experienceEspecially median and cell edge users
Ensures user fairnessBetween users and between nodes
Network software upgrade
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HetNets with Adaptive InterferenceManagement Meets Actual Network Load
Heavy Lo ad
Medium Load
Light Load
Introduction of small cells requires interference
management that adapts to load and topology changes
Necessary for dense HetNets sharing same spectrum
Provides network load balancing1Advanced adaptive interference management : enhanced time-domain adaptive resource partitioning with enhanced RRM/RLM and advanced receiver devices
Picocells and femtocells added for capacity
Adapt iveInterference
Management1
Typically uneven load that
changes with time and location
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Macro
Only
Macro+
Picos
2.2X
LTEAdvancedwith
rangeexpansion
Macro+
Picos
1.2X
LTER8 L
TER8
LTE Advanced Increases Network Capacity,User Experience and Ensures Fairness
Median UserDownlink (similar uplink gain)
Picocell
Picocell
Picocell
Ensures User FairnessBetween users and between nodes
Assumptions: 4 Picos per Macro randomly dropped within macro coverage, see 3GPP R1-101509. Based methodology in TR 36.814: 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO, 25 usersand 500m ISD . Advanced interference management : enhanced time-domain adaptive resource partitioning, advanced receiver devices with enhanced RRM and RLM
1X
Range ExpansionBetter utilization of small cells
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Ensures Ubiquitous Broadband ExperienceEVEN WHEN SMALL CELLS CANNOT BE PLACED AT OPTIMAL LOCATION
Picocell
Picocell
Better Cell EdgeDownlink (similar uplink gain)
Macro
OnlyMacro+
Picos
38%
LTER8
LTER8
22%
Macro
Only
Macro+
Picos
1.7X
LTEAdvancedwith
rangeexpansion
Macro+
Picos
1.05X
LTER8
1X
LTER8
More Users with >1 MbpsThroughput
PicocellMacro+
Picos
78%
LTEAdvanced
withrangeexpans
ion
Assumptions: 4 Picos per Macro randomly dropped within macro coverage, see 3GPP R1-101509. Based methodology in TR 36.814: 10 MHz FDD, 2x2MIMO, 25 users and500m ISD . Cell edge user is defined as 5 percentile user
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Range Expansion Allows More Users toBenefit From Small CellsSIGNIFICANTLY BETTER MACRO OFFLOAD
Number of Picos per Macro cell
2 4 10
LTE R8
Range Expansion
Percentage of users associated with picos
For uniform, random user distribution
Small cell
82%
26%
37%
6%
12%
57%
Range Expansionenabled by:
1)Resource Partit ioning
2) Advanced Receiver Devices
3) Enhanced RRM/RLM1
Assumptions: TR 36.814, Macro ISD=500m, 100 antenna downtilt 25 UEs per Macro cell, uniform random layout, 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO. 1Enhanced RRM and RLM to allowhandover to weak cells, to maintain reliable link with weak cells, and to provide accurate feedback with resource partitioning
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Qualcomms LTE Advanced Test Bed
Advanced Interference Management in aco-channel deployment Adaptive timedomain resource partitioning
Advanced Receiver terminals Range expansion of pico cells
Enhanced Mobility Forward handover
Over-The-Air Enhanced mobility
currently shown
LTE Advanced featuresin March 2011
Evaluating the design and features to realizefull benefits of heterogeneous networks
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LTE
Carrier #5
LTE
Carrier #4
LTE
Carrier #3
LTE
Carrier #2
Carrier Aggregation Enhances UserExperience
LTE
Carrier #1 Aggregated
Data PipeUp to
100 MHz
LTE Multicarrier
Device
eNodeB
Up to 20 MHz
Up to 20 MHz
Up to 20 MHz
Up to 20 MHz
Up to 20 MHz
Increased data rates and lower latencies for all users in the cell Can more than double burstyapplication capacity
Datarates scale with bandwidthover 1 Gbps peak data rate Aggregating 40 MHz to 100 MHz provide peak data rates of 300 Mbps to 750 Mbps 1 (2x2 MIMO) and over 1 Gbps (4x4 MIMO)
1LTE R8 supports 4x4 MIMO, which enables 300 Mbps in 20 Mhz. Theoretically, LTE Advanced can support over 1Gbps peak data rates byaggregating at least 4 20 MHz carriers (up to100 MHz of spectrum) using 4x4 MIMO.
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Carrier Aggregation Leverages All SpectrumAssets
Aggregated
Data Pipe
LTE
Carrier
#5
LTE
Carrier
#4
LTE
Carrier
#3LTE
Carrier
#2
LTE
Carrier
#1
Aggregate spectrum within a bandto create a fatter data pipe
Aggregate across spectrum bands
Aggregate more downlink capacity
supplemental downlink (unpaired spectrum)
Benefits heterogeneousnetworks
Aggregation wi th in band
E.g. 2.6 GHz
10 MHz
MacroPico
Carrier 1
Carrier 2
Pico
Example: Carrier 1 used for wide area macro coverage, but also by picocells,
carrier 2 used by all nodes, but with lower pow er around macrocell
10 MHz
Supplemental Downlink
E.g. 700MHz
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Qualcomm: Continued LTE AdvancedStandards Leadership
Notes 1Based on pre-meeting contribution count for 3GPP RAN WG4 (in charge of performance requirements) . 2E.g. for femtocells and positioning across all working groupsand areas . Examples of features such as Mobility, access control, local IP access, system definition, security . 3for single point transmission results, also showed that thatNetwork-MIMO/CoMP techniques were not required to satisfy those requirements. 4Such as CMCC, DoCoMo, Orange, Verizon, AT&T, TIM, KDDI, Deutsche Telekom
A leading contributor for LTE performancedefinition in 20091
Leader in several key LTE standards areas2
A Main contributor to key LTE Advanced features Carrier aggregation, self-organizing network, relay, waveform
Major contributor for ITU IMT-Advanced submission
First company to show results satisfying IMT-Advanced requirements3
LTE Heterogeneous network work item approved in Rel-10 Focus on co-channel heterogeneous network scenarios (March 2010)supported by 32
companies4
Proposed to include time-domain and power settings as baseline (J uly 2010)
Target completion 1H 2011
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Common LTE FDD & TDD Chipset Platform
MSM 8960LTE
DC-HSPA+/DOrBEDGE
MDM 9200LTE
DC-HSPA+EDGEMDM 9600LTE
DC-HSPA+/DOrB
EDGE
50+ designs by 25+ OEMs
Commercial 4Q 2010 100 Mbps DL/50 Mbps UL
Dual-Core CPU (28nm) Superior graphics & multimedia Integrated connectivit y (WLAN, GPS,
Bluetooth, FM)
MSM8960 launches in 2012 Handset & tablet launches in 2011
based on (MDM9x00+MSM)
Modems & Data Cards Smartphones & Tablets
Industrys First LTE/3G Mult imode Chipsets
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Qualcomm: LTE Advanced LeadershipLTE ADVANCED REALIZES FULL BENEFITS OF HETNETS
A Leading Contributorto LTE Advanced
Standards
SpearheadingTechnology
Design Efforts
State-of-the-ArtLTE Advanced
Test Bed
Ensures
user fairness
Significantlyhigher capacity
(Range expansion )
Software
upgrade
Improvescell edge
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Questions? Connect with Us
www.qualcomm.com/technology
http://www.qualcomm.com/blog/contributors/prakash-sangam
@qualcomm_tech
m.qualcomm.com/technology
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Additional Slides
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Adaptive Time-Domain Resource Partitioning
Adapts to topology, loadand user distribution
Mitigates interference
Time Domain Partit ioninga.k.a enhanced i nter-cell interference coordination
Adapt ive Part itioning Example25% Semi static to macro and p ico, 50% adaptive
LTE R8 provides limited interference management; primitive X2-basedadaptive resource partitioningutilizes modified X2. Frequency partitioning is theonly option for asynchronous networks (Networks without GPS timing)1Static and semi static allocation signaled to device. Enables flexible partitioningoptions, e.g. pico could also use reserved macro subframes (without benefits of range expansion)
Time-Domain Resources
Subframes reserved
for macro
Subframes
reserved for p ico
Macro
DL
PicoDL
Blanksubframes
Ensure fairness
Flexible and adaptivepartitioning options
Time-Domain Resources
Macro
DL
Pico
DL
Adaptive subframes,
served by pico or macro
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Advanced Receiver Devices with InterferenceCancellation Enables Full Range Expansion
Small cell
Newdevice(LTE R10)
Legacydevice(LTE R8/9)
Time-Domain Resources
1Adding overhead channels such as synch, broadcast and common reference signal to blank subframes to support legacy devices 2Device interferencecancellation cancels overhead channels such as such as synch, broadcast and common reference signal(CRS) to enable full range expansion.
Full Range Expansion2
1) Detects small cell in expanded range
2) Expands range by canceling overhead
Example with no pico reserved subframes
Macro
DL
Pico
DL
Support for Legacy Devices1Continue to transmit overhead channels in blank frames
Range expansion for new devicesSubframes not used by macro reduces interference
Subframes reserved
for macro
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Frequency Partitioning Possible for HetNetswith Abundant Spectrum
Frequency Domain Partitioning
10 MHz10 MHz
Pico /FemtoMacro
10 MHz10 MHz
Pico /Femto
Macro
LTE R8
LTE R10(multicarrier)
MacroPico
Carrier 1
Carrier 2
Pico
Example: Carrier 1 used for wide area macro coverage, but also by picocells,
carrier 2 used by all nodes, but with lower pow er around macrocell
Macro and pico/femtos on differentfrequencies to avoid strong interference
Reduced performance comparedto time-domain partitioning1
1A less granular and flexible optionbutdoes not require synchronized nodes
Helps to manage HetNetInterference:
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Relays Extend Coverage and ImproveCapacity without Backhaul Expenses
Range Expansion
Macro+
Relays
1X
Macro+
Relays
1.8X
Ad
v.interferencemanagem
ent
(IntelligentNodeAssociation&
Ada
ptive
ResourceAllocation)
Adapt ive interference management further improves capaci ty and coverageA t i R l t f 3GPP R1 094230 B d th d l i R1 084026 10 MH FDD 2 2 MIMO UE 10 L 3 R l M ll if d
Relays use part
of macro capacityas backhaul
Relay Node
Median UserDownl ink Data Rates Picocell
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