TOXIC ENVIRONMENTThe Clearview and Folcroft Landfills are an unhealthy
part of the urban fabric both ecologically and culturally.
POOR HABITAT QUALITYUrban development within surrounding townships and
SW Philadelphia have resulted in habitat fragmentation.
WATERSHEDPersistent flooding and pollutants are pervasive
problems due to downstream run-off, tidal action, upstream and adjacent land uses, and increasing
storm systems.
Improve the Environment
What is the human history of this area?How has the land been affected?
What is this land?Where does the water come from?
Where does the water go?What will happen in the future?
When it rains - where does the water go?What are the rains washing down the streams?
What is happening in the our environment?What is the vegetative cover?
CONNECTIVITYThe confluence of major transporation routes provides opportunities for increased linkages between Eastwick
and the surrounding community.
POOR QUALITY OF LIFEToxic chemicals, flooding and limited access to
resources plague residents of Eastwick.Improve quality of life
Who lives here?Where do they live?
What are their needs?What is missing in the community?
Why is this important?What is going on here?
What is missing?What is next door?
Where could there be healthy green spaces?How do they go from place to place?
LACK OF CULTURAL IDENTITYLayers of cultural heritage that stem from 350 years of
history need to be integrated into the design.
NEED FOR LOCAL CHAMPIONStrong leadership is needed to coordinate
and implement plans toward holistic solutions. Foster ownership of project and connection to
the community.
Who cares?What are they interested in?
How do you know that you are here?
Tackling the Issues
TOXIC ENVIRONMENTThe Clearview and Folcroft Landfills are an unhealthy
part of the urban fabric both ecologically and culturally.
POOR HABITAT QUALITYUrban development within surrounding townships and
SW Philadelphia have resulted in habitat fragmentation.
WATERSHEDPersistent flooding and pollutants are pervasive
problems due to downstream run-off, tidal action, upstream and adjacent land uses, and increasing
storm systems.
Improve the Environment
What is the human history of this area?How has the land been affected?
What is this land?Where does the water come from?
Where does the water go?What will happen in the future?
When it rains - where does the water go?What are the rains washing down the streams?
What is happening in the our environment?What is the vegetative cover?
CONNECTIVITYThe confluence of major transporation routes provides opportunities for increased linkages between Eastwick
and the surrounding community.
POOR QUALITY OF LIFEToxic chemicals, flooding and limited access to
resources plague residents of Eastwick.Improve quality of life
Who lives here?Where do they live?
What are their needs?What is missing in the community?
Why is this important?What is going on here?
What is missing?What is next door?
Where could there be healthy green spaces?How do they go from place to place?
LACK OF CULTURAL IDENTITYLayers of cultural heritage that stem from 350 years of
history need to be integrated into the design.
NEED FOR LOCAL CHAMPIONStrong leadership is needed to coordinate
and implement plans toward holistic solutions. Foster ownership of project and connection to
the community.
Who cares?What are they interested in?
How do you know that you are here?
Tackling the Issues
TOXIC ENVIRONMENTThe Clearview and Folcroft Landfills are an unhealthy
part of the urban fabric both ecologically and culturally.
POOR HABITAT QUALITYUrban development within surrounding townships and
SW Philadelphia have resulted in habitat fragmentation.
WATERSHEDPersistent flooding and pollutants are pervasive
problems due to downstream run-off, tidal action, upstream and adjacent land uses, and increasing
storm systems.
Improve the Environment
What is the human history of this area?How has the land been affected?
What is this land?Where does the water come from?
Where does the water go?What will happen in the future?
When it rains - where does the water go?What are the rains washing down the streams?
What is happening in the our environment?What is the vegetative cover?
CONNECTIVITYThe confluence of major transporation routes provides opportunities for increased linkages between Eastwick
and the surrounding community.
POOR QUALITY OF LIFEToxic chemicals, flooding and limited access to
resources plague residents of Eastwick.Improve quality of life
Who lives here?Where do they live?
What are their needs?What is missing in the community?
Why is this important?What is going on here?
What is missing?What is next door?
Where could there be healthy green spaces?How do they go from place to place?
LACK OF CULTURAL IDENTITYLayers of cultural heritage that stem from 350 years of
history need to be integrated into the design.
NEED FOR LOCAL CHAMPIONStrong leadership is needed to coordinate
and implement plans toward holistic solutions. Foster ownership of project and connection to
the community.
Who cares?What are they interested in?
How do you know that you are here?
Tackling the Issues
TOXIC ENVIRONMENTThe Clearview and Folcroft Landfills are an unhealthy
part of the urban fabric both ecologically and culturally.
POOR HABITAT QUALITYUrban development within surrounding townships and
SW Philadelphia have resulted in habitat fragmentation.
WATERSHEDPersistent flooding and pollutants are pervasive
problems due to downstream run-off, tidal action, upstream and adjacent land uses, and increasing
storm systems.
Improve the Environment
What is the human history of this area?How has the land been affected?
What is this land?Where does the water come from?
Where does the water go?What will happen in the future?
When it rains - where does the water go?What are the rains washing down the streams?
What is happening in the our environment?What is the vegetative cover?
CONNECTIVITYThe confluence of major transporation routes provides opportunities for increased linkages between Eastwick
and the surrounding community.
POOR QUALITY OF LIFEToxic chemicals, flooding and limited access to
resources plague residents of Eastwick.Improve quality of life
Who lives here?Where do they live?
What are their needs?What is missing in the community?
Why is this important?What is going on here?
What is missing?What is next door?
Where could there be healthy green spaces?How do they go from place to place?
LACK OF CULTURAL IDENTITYLayers of cultural heritage that stem from 350 years of
history need to be integrated into the design.
NEED FOR LOCAL CHAMPIONStrong leadership is needed to coordinate
and implement plans toward holistic solutions. Foster ownership of project and connection to
the community.
Who cares?What are they interested in?
How do you know that you are here?
Regional Context
Watershed
DARBY CREEK
DELAWARE RIVER
SCHUYLKILL RIVER
COBBS CREEK
STONY CREEKMUCKINIPATTIS CREEK
LITTLE CRUM CREEK
HERMESPROTA CREEK
j0 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.40.3Miles
Legend
Folcroft
Clearview
Framework Boundary
Existing streams
Hydrology
Framework Context
Historical Timeline
American Settlers1770s
Lenni Lenape Indians
precolonial
Dike Construction
in Tinicum Marsh Agricultural
Lands1700s
UndergroundSlave Tunnel
1800s
FloodingDarby Creek
Area
PresentDay
Mosquito Ditching
1930sI-95
Constructed1970s Folcroft &
Clearview Landfills
1950s onward
British Soldiersbreaking
down dikes.1770s
Trolley Line1930s
Dredge Spoils
&Ditching
[What is the human history of this area?]
Historical Streams [How has the land been affected?]
Geology
A
B
C
[What is this land?]
Stream Bed Cross-Section
Wissahickon Formation
Piedmont Province
Transition Zone
Wissahickon and Bryn Mawr Formations
Coastal Plain Province
Trenton Gravel
P and B P and B
A
A
B
C
C
[What is this land?]
B
Heavy Rain [When it rains where does the water go?]
Impervious Surfaces [When it rains where does the water go?]
Hydrology [Where does the water come from?]
100 Year Floodplain [Where does the water go?]
2100 Projected Floodplain [What will happen in the future?]
Contaminants
Found Contaminants
Alu
min
um (A
l)
Ant
imon
y (S
b)
Ars
enic
(As)
Benz
ene
Cad
miu
m (C
d)
Chr
omiu
m (C
r)
Cob
alt (
Co)
Cop
per (
Cu)
DD
T
Iron
(Fe)
Lead
(Pb)
Mer
cury
(Hg)
PAH
PCBs
Sele
nium
(Se)
Zinc
Feca
l Col
iform
Lower Darby CreekUpstream
Cobbs CreekUpstream
Clearview LandfillActive Business
Clearview Landfill
Clearview Seeps
City Park
Eastwick Neighborhood
Folcroft Landfill
Tinicum Marsh
JHNWR Impoundment
Additional Chemicals: Dieldrin, Heptachlon, Epoxide
Evaluation Not Complete
Locations
[What are the rains washing down the streams?]
Existing Vegetation
Fragmented Vegetation
High Risk Flood Zone0.2% Annual Chance of FloodingOpen WaterForestOpen Area
Fragmented Vegetation
High Risk Flood Zone0.2% Annual Chance of FloodingOpen WaterForestOpen Area
Fragmented Vegetation
High Risk Flood Zone0.2% Annual Chance of FloodingOpen WaterForestOpen Area
ClearviewFolcroft
[What is happening in our environment?]
Existing Habitat [What is the vegetative cover?]
AA’
Existing Vegetation Cross-Section
Folcroft Clearview
A
A’
Clearview
Folcroft
80 ft
2 miles
[What is the vegetative cover?]
Community
32%
68%
HouseholdsWith children Households without children
27%
73%
Children vs. AdultsAge below 18 19 and up
62%
38%
Owner vs. RenterOwner Renter
acreage 2,836 acreage 17,166
population 16,758
Framework Boundary Half Mile Buffer
population 168,194
2 miles
[Who lives here?]
10 persons/acre 6 persons/acre
Community
32%
63%
3% 1% 1%
Framework BoundaryBlack White Asian Hispanic Other
61%
35%
1% 2%1%
Half Mile BufferBlack White Asian Hispanic Other
• TherearesignificantdifferencesinthedemographicdatafortheHalfMileBufferareaandtheFrameworkareainregardsofethnicity.
7%21%
5%10%
14%
15%
16%12%
Half Mile BufferAge under 5 Age 5 - 17 18 - 21 22 - 29
30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 64 65 and up
7%20%
5%10%15%
15%
14%14%
Framework BoundaryAge under 5 Age 5 - 17 18 - 21 22 - 29
30 - 39 40 - 49 50 - 64 65 and up
[Who lives here?]
Population Density [Where do they live?]
Area Landuse [What is going on in this area?]
Landuse Buffer - 1 mile buffer
Utility ROW
[What is missing here?]
Schools, Open Space and Industrial Zoning
Industrial
[What is next door?]
Industrial
Suitability: Green Network Potential [Where could there be healthy green spaces?]
Suitability: Green Network Potential [Where could there be healthy green spaces?]
Circulation [How do you go from place to place?]Eastwick Septa Stop
Stakeholders
Darby Creek Valley Association
Darby Creek Valley Association
Delaware County
US Fish & WildlifeJohn Heinz National Wildlife Refuge
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Federal Aviation Administration(FAA)
City of Philadelphia
Philadelphia Airport
Darby Township
Folcroft Township
Delaware Conservation Corp
Tinicum Township
Citizens for Cleanup of Lower Darby Creek
Darby Creek Valley Association
City of Philadelphia*
Clean Air Council
Southwest CDC(former Eastwick Project Area Committee and
Neighborhood Advisory Committee)
*not yet a player
*Not yet a player
[Who cares about this area?]
Stakeholder Matrix
StakeHolders Matrix
Wild
life
Ha
bita
t
Bird
Wa
tchi
ng
Na
tive
Rest
ora
tion
Dee
r M
ana
gmen
t
Vie
win
g A
eas
Wa
lkin
g Tr
ails
Envi
ronm
enta
l Ed
uca
tion
Gre
enw
ay
Tra
il C
onne
ctio
ns
Cre
ek C
lea
nup
Stor
mw
ate
r M
ana
gem
ent
Wa
ste
wa
ter
Hist
oric
al S
igni
fi-ca
nce
Com
mer
cia
lUr
ba
n Fa
rm
Ind
ustri
al
Gro
wth
Job
G
row
th
Prop
erty
Bu
yout
s
US Fish & Wildlife ServiceJohn Heinz National Wildlife Refuge
Philadelphia Airport
City of Philadelphia
Delaware County
DELCORAWastewater Treatment Plant
Delaware County Conservation District DCCD
Darby Township (Clearview Landfill)
Tinicum Township
Clean Air Council
Southwest CDC - Community Develop-ment Corporation
Darby Creek Valley Association DCVA
Citizens for Clean up of Lower Darby Creek
Eastwick Neighborhood
[What are they interested in?]
Sense of Place [How do you know you are here?]
TOXIC ENVIRONMENTThe Clearview and Folcroft Landfills are an unhealthy
part of the urban fabric both ecologically and culturally.
POOR HABITAT QUALITYUrban development within surrounding townships and
SW Philadelphia have resulted in habitat fragmentation.
WATERSHEDPersistent flooding and pollutants are pervasive
problems due to downstream run-off, tidal action, upstream and adjacent land uses, and increasing
storm systems.
Improve the Environment
What is the human history of this area?How has the land been affected?
What is this land?Where does the water come from?
Where does the water go?What will happen in the future?
When it rains - where does the water go?What are the rains washing down the streams?
What is happening in the our environment?What is the vegetative cover?
CONNECTIVITYThe confluence of major transporation routes provides opportunities for increased linkages between Eastwick
and the surrounding community.
POOR QUALITY OF LIFEToxic chemicals, flooding and limited access to
resources plague residents of Eastwick.Improve quality of life
Who lives here?Where do they live?
What are their needs?What is missing in the community?
Why is this important?What is going on here?
What is missing?What is next door?
Where could there be healthy green spaces?How do they go from place to place?
LACK OF CULTURAL IDENTITYLayers of cultural heritage that stem from 350 years of
history need to be integrated into the design.
NEED FOR LOCAL CHAMPIONStrong leadership is needed to coordinate
and implement plans toward holistic solutions. Foster ownership of project and connection to
the community.
Who cares?What are they interested in?
How do you know that you are here?
Framework Plan
Delaware Expy
Delaware Expy
OpportunitiesOpenspaceFloodplainVacant landBasin and wetlandGatewayAirport extensionAirport extension
ConstraintsIndustrialWetlandFloodplainAirport extension
Opportunities and Constraints
Program
Interstate 95
ExistingBike and pedestrianWetlandStream corridor
Existing Conditions
ExistingSchoolGreenway
Existing Conditions
ExistingSchoolGreenwayRoads
Existing Conditions
Interstate 95
ProposedWater trailProposed trailBasin and wetlandGatewayGreenway
Repair Connectivity
ProposedSchoolGatewayGreenwayExisting roads
Greenways and Gateways
ProposedSchoolGatewayGreenwayProposed trailWater trail
Proposed Circulation
ProposedSchoolGatewayGreenwayProposed trailWater trailCommunity centerCommunity center
Community Center
Community Center
Proposed Framework Plan
Appropriate Plant Associations
Proposed Vegetation Cross-Section
Folcroft
A
Suggested Vegetat ion*
Clearview
A’
* These plant communities are under management by the Wildlife Refuge; The study area includes the upland areas of Clearview and Folcroft landfill as well as the riverine communities surrounding and within Eastwick.
Nuphar Pontederia Marsh*Typha-Hibiscus Marsh*Typha Marsh Vegetation*Phragmites Donimated Marsh*Mixed Forb High Marsh*Wild Rice Marsh*
Salix nigra Forest*Acer rubrum Forest*Acer-Elymus Forest*Acer-Fraxinus-Ulmus ForestAcer-Ulmus-Populus Forest*Quercus-Liquidambar Forest
Salix nigra*Typha -Hibiscus Marsh*
Quercus-Liquidambar Forest
MarshMarsh Upland Riverine
Pin Oak Forest
Quercus-Liquidambar Forest
RiverineUpland
Red Bellied Turtle
Proposed Habitat
Historical Streams
Folcroft
Folcroft
Clearview
j0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.20.15Miles
Legend
Folcroft
Clearview
Framework Boundary
Existing streams
Historic Streams
Hydrology
Cleansing Plan
Character of Spaces
Landfill Cross-Section
Burr
oak
Red
map
le
Silv
er m
aple
Pin
oak
Blac
k gu
m
Hard
woo
d fo
rest
Character of Spaces
Clearview Leachate Containment
LEACHATE COLLECTION & TREATMENT SYSTEMS
LINER
PIPING SYSTEM REED BED
Time
EPA begins consideration
of Landfills for Superfund designation
2009 Open to the Public2002
PADOH & ATSDR Site a Public Health
Risk
2006 - 2009
Landfill closed
2006tion of Site
2003 - 2006
Folcroftactive Landfill
1974 - 2002
????????????????????????????
LimestoneQuarry
Clearview active Landfill
1950s - 1972
1950s - 2000
1984 1999 2001
Clearview & Folcroft on Superfund
NPL
EPA access to site for
assessment
Remedial Investigation
completed for Clearview
20102006di-
Adaptive Reuse and Vegetation
Darby Creek Area: Folcroft (70 acres) & Clearview (60 acres) : 1984 - ? - Years to Date
26 Years
Stearns Quarry: Chicago, IL 2002 - 2010 - 7 years : 75 acres
1830 - 1970s
2002 - 2003
2008 Open to the Public
2000 - 2004
Design & Planning
2000
Military Use, Racetrack,
Playing Fields
1930s - 1990s
2004 - 2008
Northala: London, UK 2000 - 2008 - 8 years: 45 acres
Superfund Sites
Superfund Site
7 Years
8 Years
Remediation of Site
Planning & Design for
Remediation & Reuse
Municipal Landfill
Designated for new use
Construction
Remedial Investigation underway for
Folcroft
Residents request help
from EPA
Adaptive Reuse &
Available for use
Record of Decision
Remediation of Site
OpportunityCrushed Stone needed for Remediation for Site
10 cu yards/ tons per truck
Clean Construction Fill
Charge $40/ton for clean construction
fill
Monies that could be generated by accepting clean fill into the site as part of
the remediation.
Clearview 92,600 cubic yards 9,260 truck loadsFolcroft 94,000 cubic yards 9,400 truck loads
Total 186,000 cubic yards 18,660 truck loads $200/truck $3.7 MillionPrecedents: Northala, London, UK; Stearns Quarry, Chicago, IL
Clearview Landfill
Folcroft Landfill
3 miles
3 milesEconomic Growth Areas
Major Transportation RoutesChester Corridor, Philadelphia Airport, Philadelphia Navy Yard, Lower Schuykill Expansion Area
3 miles
3 milesAirport Expansion & Proposed Growth
2 mile 1 1.5 0.50
2 mile 1 1.5 0.50
Possible Soil Profile
Money
Resources
Licht, Louis, Aitchison, E., and Rock, S. A. “Evapotranspirative Tree Caps: Research prototype results, full-scale case histories, and possible future designs”. Prepared for the SWANA Landfi ll Symposium, Monterey, CA. June 21-25, 2004.NatureServe. 2011. “Explorer Database”. Accessed October 24. http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?init=Ecol
Phildelphia International Airport. 2011. “Philadelphia Airport Master Plan”. Accessed October 9. http://www.phl.org/master_plan.html.
Partnership for the Delaware Estuary. Zoctober 2005. “Concepts in Delaware Esturary science and Mangement”. Accessed October 17. http://www.delawareestuary.org/pdf/CDESM_05-02.pdf
Philadelphia Planning Commission. March 2006. “Eastwick Bilght Recertifi cation”.
Philadelphia Water Department and Darby-Cobbs Watershed Partnership. June, 2004. “Cobbs Creek Integrated Watershed Management Plan”.
Tetra Tech NUS, Inc. March 2011. “Phase I Archeological Report”.Tetra Tech NUS, Inc. May 2010. “Remedial Investigation (RI) for Lower Darby Creek Area Site”.
Tetra Tech NUS, Inc. June 2001. “Phase I Archaeological Survey Cultural Resource Investigation”.
Tetra Tech NUS, Inc. July 2011. “ Sampling and Analysis Plan”. As part of the Removal Site Evaluation Sampling Investigation Lower Darby Creek Area Site Clearview Landfi ll Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
United States Environmental Protection Agency. 2011.“Revegetating Landfi lls and Waste Containment Areas Fact Sheet”.Accessed October 12. http://www.epa.gov/tio/download/remed/revegetating_fact_sheet.pdf.
United States Environmental Programme. 2011. “Phytoremediation: An Environmentally Sound Technology for Pollution Prevention, Control and Remediation: An Introductory Guide To Decision Makers”. Accessed October 17.http://www.unep.or.jp/ietc/publications/freshwater/fms2/1.asp
United States Fish and Wildlife Service. July 2009. “John Heinz National Wildlife Refuge at Tinicum Habitat Management Plan”. Accessed Ocober 3. http://www.fws.gov/northeast/planning/John%20Heinz/pdf/31Aug2009_Heinz_Habitat%20Management%20Plan.pdf
Resources:
_____. “What is Phytoremediation”. Accessed October 7. http://arabidopsis.info/students/dom/mainpage.html.
_____. Toxic Waters. Michael Thomas Productions. 2000._____. “Agency Scoping Meeting Identifi ed Issues Summary”. John Heinz National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan (CCP). March 31, 2010.Barber, Josh. February 23, 2011 “Lower Darby Creek Area Superfund Site Community Update”. Environmental Protection Agency.Cohen, Michelle and J. Johnson. “Phase I Conservation Plan Summary”. John Heinz National Wildlife Refuge Comprehensive Conservation Plan (CCP). May, 2004.Conservation Fund. December 2010. “Determining Mitigation Needs for NiSource Natural Gas Transmission Facilities: Implementation of the Multi Species Habitat Conservation Plan (MSHCP)
Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission, Select Greater Philadelphia and Ben Franklin Technology Partners. September 2009. “Greater Philadelphia Economic Development Framework”. Accessed October 12. http://www.dvrpc.org//reports/09008.pdf.Delaware County Planning Department. May 2010. “Greenway Plan for the Darby Creek Watershed, Delaware County, 2010”.
Delaware Riverkeeper Network. May 2006 “Restoration Management Plan for the Lower Darby Creek with recommendations for the John Heinz National Wildlife Refuge at Tinicum”.
Darby Creek Valley Association. “Executive Summary”. Darby Creek Watershed Conservation Plan. 2005.
Cahoon, Donald R., etal. “Coastal Sensitivity to Sea-Level Rise: A Focus on the Mid-Atlantic Region”. The U.S. Climate Change Science Program.
City of Philadelphia. June 2011. “Citywide Vision 2035”. Accessed October 1. http://phila2035.org/home-page/city/.
E2 Inc. 2011. March 2011 “Lower Darby Creek Area Superfund Site: Reuse Assessment”. Assessed October 11. E² Inc. March 2011. ” Reuse Assessment for the Lower Darby Creek Area Superfund Site“. as part of U.S. EPA Superfund Redevelopment Initiative.accessed http://www.epa.gov/reg3hwmd/super/sites/PASFN0305521/reports/LDCA_Phase_1_Reuse_Assessment_FINAL_3-20-11O.pdf.
Field Operations. March 2006. “Fresh Kills Park: Lifescape”. Accessed October 12. www.nyc.gov/freshkillspark.
Top Related