MEDIA
LAW
&
ETHICS
If it were left on me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.” - Thomas Jefferson
ARTICLE 19
Article 19(1)(a) of our constitution states that:“All citizens shall have the right to freedom of speech and expressions”.
Article 19(2) states that:“reasonable restrictions are provided on freedom of expression”
Media’s Role In Democracy
Media plays a crucial role in developing a healthy democracy
Role of media in society can be divided into 3 parts:
informer
watchdog
Public opinion
LAWS RELATED TO
MEDIA
PRINT MEDIA
Gagging act,1867
The Press and Registration of Books Act, 1867
Delivery of books and newspapers(public opinion) act,1954
Press Council Act, 1978
BROADCAST FILM ADVERTISING
The broadcasting code
Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act, 1995
Direct-to-Home Broadcasting
The Cinematograph Act, 1952
The Copyright Act, 1957
Bombay Cinemas (Regulation) Act, 1953
Drug and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisement) Act, 1954
Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969
“publicity is the oxygen of terrorism”
What terrorist wants from media
What the media want when covering terrorist
incidents
PublicityNeed Details of their activitiesTo spread fear
to be the first with the storyto make the story as timely and dramatic as possibleto protect society's right to knowMedia have a lot of control over the impact of
terrorist activity
MEDIA & TERRORISM
MEDIA DURING 26/11
Do we all need to see this???
THE MEDIA MAGNIFIER
World-Wide Publicity
LimitedPhysical Attack
CENSORSHIP
What is censorship??
How it is occurred??
What are the criteria for suppressing news
What are the criteria for suppressing news??
Protecting the innocentProtecting the youngProtecting the state
CENSORED???
DEFAMATION
LIBELDefamation in written form
SLANDER
Defamation in spoken form
Section 499 of the Indian Penal Code
Exceptions
Punishment as under:Section:500Section:501Section:502
CRIMINAL LAW
CIVIL LAWIt is not so well codified.
PRIVACY"to withhold himself and his property from public scrutiny if he so chooses."
Public disclosure of private and embarrassing factsNewsworthiness defensePrinting the names of minor
False light
IntrusionTrespassSecret surveillanceMisrepresentation
Misappropriation of name or likeness
OBSCENITY LAW IN INDIA
Section 292. of the Indian penal code
What the law in India say?
What is obscenity?
International obligation
Is the restriction reasonable in a democratic country?
TRIAL BY MEDIA
What is trial by media???
“there can be lots of smoke without so much as the smallest flame.” If we believe that one is presumed innocent until proven guilty, then why should those who are innocent suffer the horrendous penalty of public humiliation and vilification as a consequence of widespread media coverage? The public gains nothing from knowing such a person's identity, but accused persons may lose almost everything by having their identity publicly known, despite their complete innocence.
MEDIA ETHICSDefinition of EthicsEthics v/s Law
Code of ethics0jectivityConflict of interestCrass CommercialismSensationalism Privacy Bribes/gifts
CODE OF ETHICS FORMULATED BY PRESS COUNCIL OF INDIA(PCI)
Principle & ethics
Accuracy & fairness
Pre-publication verification
Caution against defamatory writings
Letter to the editor
Covering communal disputes/clashes
Caste, religion or community references
Reporting on natural calamities
Paramount national interest
Plagiarism
PRESENTED BY
Nisha Seth-49Nirali Parekh-34Puja Jain-17Jhanvi Parikh-36Darshana Jotwani-18Pallavi bajaj-2