l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.1
JSTOR Music CollectionAnd Potential Links to Other Projects
Mellon All Projects MeetingMusicology and Music Information RetrievalJune 5-7,2007Heidi McGregorDirector, Strategic Planning
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.2
Today’s Discussion
Background
Who is JSTOR?
What is the JSTOR archive?
Music Collection
History and Development
Outcomes
Impact & Opportunity
How well served are musicologists?
Future
Growth in digital content
Integration and innovation
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.3
Background
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.4
Who is JSTOR?
JSTOR is an independent not-for-profit organization with a mission to help the scholarly community take advantage of advances in information technology.
Aims and ObjectivesReducing long-term costsPreserving and increasing access to scholarshipImproving productivity and efficiency in research and teachingEnabling new, innovative academic work
Current Areas of ActivityBuilding shared digital archives (JSTOR archive; Portico)Building/facilitating development of print repositoriesConducting/supporting researchSeeking new areas of need/opportunity
Role and approachThird-party that enables collective action Balance interestsCollaboration among those that share values
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.5
What is the JSTOR archive?
The JSTOR archive is a shared repository providing long-term preservation and access to scholarly literature.
ApproachIdentify and prioritize important academic journalsSecure rights from publishers; establish “moving wall”Convert from print to digital form (soon ingest born-digital)Release to participating institutions in collectionsMaintain preservation and delivery systems and practicesRe-invest (inward and outward facing)
Financial support
Foundation grants for specific collections and projectsInstitutional fees for preservation and accessAdditional fees (individual access, publisher sales service)
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.6
The JSTOR archive
2007729 titles online 23.8 million pages & 3.7 million articles47 disciplines covered (humanities, social sciences, sciences)Over 1.7 million images, thousands of maps & non-text contentCoverage from 1665 – 2007; most content between 1950 – 2003Full-text searchable; site-wide multi-user accessRecent functionality improvements: article language search; highlighted search terms; cut and paste capabilities; reference links
2001 (Music Collection conceived)169 titles online 8 million pages 18 disciplines covered
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.7
Community Support
Participating Publishers and Journals
Signed 900th journal on May 22, 2007
446 publishers• 368 US• 78 International
Participating Institutions
3,635 institutions in 117 countries • 1,828 US• 1,807 International
Users and Use
95,458,763 articles viewed (2006)
41,503,596 articles printed (2006)
Annual usage growth of approximately 45%
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.8
Music Collection
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.9
History and Development
2000 -- 2001 Rising interest in music library community
Conversation initiated by RILM
Project conceived
RILM leads advisory group and title selection
JSTOR applies and receives grants from Mellon and Hewlett
2002 – 2003 Introductions and invitations to publishers (RILM)
Agreement negotiations
Print acquisition and conversion to digital form
Development work (language challenges)
October 28, 2003 Music Collection Launch
Music titles also part of Arts & Sciences III Collection
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.10
Music Collection Titles
19th-Century MusicActa MusicologicaAmerican MusicArchiv fur MusikwissenschaftAsian MusicBlack Music Research JournalCambridge Opera JournalEarly MusicEarly Music HistoryEthnomusicologyGalpin Society JournalInternational Review of Aesthetics and Sociology of MusicJournal of Music TheoryJournal of MusicologyJournal of the American Musicological SocietyJournal of the Royal Musicological Association
Latin American Music ReviewLeonardo Music JournalLied und populare KulturMusic & LettersMusic AnalysisMusic Theory SpectrumMusical QuarterlyMusical TimesNotesPerspectives in New MusicPopular MusicRevue de MusicologieStudia Musicologica Academiae Scientiarum HungaricaeTempo
Tijdschrift van de Koninklijke Vereniging voor Nederlandse Muziekgeschiedenis Yearbook for Traditional Music
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.11
Outcomes
Publisher and title participation
26 publishers and 32 titles• 90% invited titles signed• 585,000 pages; 148,000 articles (+ annual updates)• Moving wall: 3-5 years
Additional incremental growth• 6 music titles in new collections
• Black Perspective in Music, Computer Music Journal, Journal of Research in Music Education, Lenox Avenue: A Journal of Interartistic Inquiry, Music Educators Journal, Revue belge de Musicologie
• Occasional requests for more (6-12 per year)
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.12
Outcomes
Institutional participation
1,500 institutions (93 Music; 1,407 Arts & Sciences III)
Annual cost per title (A&S III) ranges from $0 to $66 *
Maximum annual cost per page is less than $0.01
Cost per download (Very Large institutions) is less than $0.01
Usage (since launch)
6.5 million articles viewed
1.95 million articles printed
60% of articles accessed at least once
* $66 is paid by relatively few Very Large institutions; most pay $50 as Charter JSTOR participants.
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.13
Cumulative Music and A&S III Participation
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Music A&S III
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.14
Efforts to Increase Use and Efficiency
Linking from core resourcesRILM, Music Index (2002-2003) – 1,665 links during April 2007RILM retrospective indexing project
Visibility in search enginesGoogle and Google Scholar (2006) – 545,454 links during April 2007Microsoft Live Academic (soon in 2007)
Total external links during April 2007 = 955,326Article views (resulting from internal and external links) = 494,947
Expanding access optionsLaunched Publisher Sales Service in December 20067 music journals (and growing)Fees range from $7-$12 per articleMusical Times is highest selling journal in entire program (average of 65 articles sold per month)
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.15
Efforts to Increase Use and Efficiency
Capture and linking of references
35% of the collection complete (226,273 pages)234,834 citations; 7,339 (3%) linked within JSTORRemainder cite:
• Journals not included in JSTOR• Books• Musical scores• Musical performances• Primary sources
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.16
Impact and Opportunity
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.17
What impact are we having? // How can we have an impact?
2006 survey of US faculty conducted by Odyssey on behalf of JSTOR and Ithaka
Impact of JSTOR
Awareness and impression
Use of JSTOR
Level of satisfaction
Areas for improvement/Opportunities
Recommendations for JSTOR (and others!)
Trends and expectations
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.18
JSTOR Impact
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.19
Awareness of JSTOR varies tremendously by discipline…
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Overall Engineers Psychologists Musicologists Biologists Sociologists Classicists Historians PoliticalScientists
Economists
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.20
But awareness of JSTOR among music faculty has increased over time, as its image has improved as well
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
2003 2006
Aware Use Postive image (among those aware)
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.21
Number of occasions in the past year that music faculty have used JSTOR(Base: Music faculty using JSTOR)
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
ZeroTimes
1-5Times
6-10Times
11-20Times
21-30Times
31-50Times
51-100Times
100+Times
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.22
JSTOR more often used to search for journal articles of which people are unaware(Percent stating extremely or very likely, Base: Music faculty aware of JSTOR)
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
How likely are you to use JSTOR to access journal articles that youalready know about?
How likely are you to use JSTOR to conduct a search for journalarticles of which you are unaware?
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.23
Is JSTOR primary or secondary destination for research among music faculty?(Base: Music faculty using JSTOR)
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Primary Starting Point Secondary Destination Reachedthrough Links from Other Websites
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.24
Music faculty use both current issues and back issues, but many are frustrated with their access options—a fact that hasn’t changed much since 2003(Percent of music faculty believing that the statement describes their point of view extremely or very well)
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
The information in backissues of academicjournals is extremely
valuable to me.
I w ould make more andbetter use of academicjournals if it w ere easierand less time consumingto get the information I
w anted from collectionsof back issues.
An electronic collectionof academic journalsthat only makes back
issues available is moreuseful to me than an
electronic collection thatonly makes currentissues available.
A substantial problemfor me is that journalarticles I need are
sometimes not availableat my university or in mylocale and I have to get
them from anothersource.
I'm often frustrated byelectronic collections ofjournals because moreoften not the article I
need isn't in thecollections.
An electronic collectionof academic journals
that only makes currentissues available is more
useful to me than anelectronic collection ofacademic journals that
only makes back issuesavailable.
2006
2003
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.25
Opportunities
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.26
How music faculty find information in journals“How often do you use each of the methods listed below to find information in academic journals?”
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Following citations fromother journal articles
Searching in published,hard copy directories or
bibliographies
Searching journaldatabases on a computer
for citation and thenfinding the article in hard-
copy or microform
By using Google By using Google Scholar
Often Occasionally
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.27
Music faculty believe JSTOR can increase its value by adding more content
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
More journals in samefields
Add current issues Add primary sourcedocuments
Add books
Music faculty viewing factor as increasing JSTOR’s value a great deal
•Nearly nine in ten music faculty believe that JSTOR will become significantly more valuable if more journals in fields already covered are offered and if current issues are made available
•Strong majorities of music faculty view the addition of primary source documents and books as valuable activities for JSTOR to pursue
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.28
Music faculty believe JSTOR can increase its value by adding more content
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Gateway to scholarlycontent
Non-English titles in myfield
Journals in disciplines notcurrently included
Preserving contentpertaining to yourinstitution's locale
Music faculty viewing factor as increasing JSTOR’s value a great deal
•There was strong support for JSTOR becoming more of a gateway to scholarly content, not just an archive of journals
•Many music faculty members thought there was value in including more disciplines in JSTOR
•Majorities of music faculty expressed interest in the possibility of having non-English titles and local content accessible through JSTOR
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.29
Music faculty are less interested in JSTOR’s potential to offer interactive content
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Allowing me toaccess the article
preprints of mycolleagues
Offering accessthrough its website to
newer contentsources such as
blogs or podcasts
Linking to datasets Helping me share myarticle preprints with
colleagues
Sharing my list offavorite articles with
colleagues andstudents
Music faculty viewing factor as increasing JSTOR’s value a great deal
•Only a third of music faculty were interested in accessing the article preprints of their colleagues through JSTOR
•Few music faculty respondents believed JSTOR could be made more valuable by offering access to blogs or podcasts
•Fewer than a fifth of music faculty thought that a potential JSTOR investment in article sharing would be valuable
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.30
Frequently used tools for teaching and research are not always perceived as important but are generally expected to grow in importance
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Online catalogs forother college library
Databases ofacademic journals
Abstracts andindexing databases
A freely availableonline repository ofmaterials from your
discipline
Primary sourcessuch as archives and
historical records
Course managementsystems such as
Blackboard
Often/Occasional Use
High importance to research and teaching now
High importance to research and teaching in five years
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.31
Interactive teaching resources are not frequently used, but are expected to grow in importance
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Course syllabi preparedby peers
Your colleagues'professional websites
Wikipedia, blogs andother types of interactive,
community sites
Traditional card catalog atyour college library
E-Books
Often/Occasional Use
High importance to research and teaching now
High importance to research and teaching in five years
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.32
The Future
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.33
Growth in Digital Content for Music
Should JSTOR invest in expanding the collection?
Faculty survey suggests more journals valuable
MLA and RILM interest
Other forms of content appear to be valuable (reference links; faculty interest)
Books
Primary source materials
Other content?
Next steps
Evaluate priorities
Stimulate and leverage community action
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.34
Integration and Innovation
What can we do for together to increase impact?Federated searchingIntelligent linkingAudio and text integrationImproved faceted navigationImproved intersection with course management systemsConsider unique needs of field (device compatibility, for example)Sharing platform and services
Experiments to stimulate ideas: JSTOR – ARTstor search (http://www.jstor.org/search/)Faceted navigation (enhanced by NLP techniques) (http://sandbox.jstor.org/)NINES (http://staging.nines.org/collex/browse)
Topic mapping (http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~lemur/science/)
l JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization that serves and is supported by the scholarly community.35
Thank YouHeidi McGregorDirector, Strategic [email protected]
JSTOR149 5th AvenueNew York, NY 10010Tel: (212)358-6400Fax: (212)358-6499
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