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JAS Training Course for Operators
Weststrasse 51 8570 Weinfelden Switzerland
Fon +41 71 626 0 626 Fax +41 71 626 0 623
www.imo.ch [email protected]
mab 16.04.2008
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It is a compulsory requirement in the
JAS rules that prior to the first
certification the persons responsible for
JAS in an operation, the Production
Process Management Director and
Grading Manager (and any furtherGrading Staff if applicable) have
attended a JAS training.
Aim is to familiarize the
certified operators with the
purpose and scheme of theJAS inspection and
certification system of organic
foods.
About this training
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Introduction
Categories of Operators
Overview JAS Legislation
Specific JAS Certification Requirements
Production Requirements
Processing Requirements
Documentation and Internal Control Requirements (Grading)
JAS Certification Process
Contents
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Introduction (1)
JAS (Japanese Agricultural System) is a general system for labelling of
agricultural products in Japan, existing since 1950. The specific rules for organic
products have been introduced in 2000.
The responsible ministry is MAFF (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries).
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The JAS Standard has many similarities with other organic programmes, as the
EU Regulation No 2092/91 and the US NOP, but it differs particularly in:
Terminology
Particular operator categories
Operation manual
Grading and use of JAS seal
Emphasis on persons and their control over the process
Certain special requirements regarding inputs
The penalties to those who violate the JAS law could mean up to one year
imprisonment or a fine up to 1 million yen
Introduction (2)
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JAS distinguishes the following specific types of operators (1):
Producers with Plant Production or Wild
Collection
Production Process Manager of Organic
Agricultural Products and Organic Feeds
Producers with Livestock Production
Production Process Manager of Organic
Livestock Products
Categories of Operators (1)
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JAS distinguishes the following specific categories of operators (2):
Processors
Re-packers
Re-packer of Organic Agricultural Products,
Organic Processed Foods, Organic Feeds
and Organic Livestock Products
Production Process Manager of Organic
Processed Foods and Organic Feeds
Importers in Japan
Importers of Organic Agricultural Products
and Organic Agricultural Processed Foods
Categories of Operators (2)
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Difference between Production Process Manager of Processed Foods and Re-packer:
i.e. milling, roasting, fermenting i.e. cleaning, sorting, de-hulling
PPM
PROCESSED
FOODS
RE-PACKER
Categories of Operators (3)
Mono-ingredient
products without
processing aids
Packing
Bottling
Simple processing
Change of
consistency
Mono-ingredient or
Multi-ingredient
Products
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A totally revised version of the JAS Standard has come into force on March 1st 2006,
which is considered by MAFF as New JAS System. The latest partial revision of some
points in the Standard has taken place in October 2006.
The organic rules are presented in several different Notifications. They are separatedinto Organic Standards and Technical Criteria.
Overview JAS Legislation (1)
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Organic Production Standards:
Notification N1605:
Organic Agricultural Products
Notification N1606:
Organic Processed Foods
Notification N1607:Organic Feeds
Notification N1608:
Organic Livestock Products
IMO so far is not accredited for certification of livestock products. However, if the needwill arise, it can be applied for an extension of the accreditation.
Overview JAS Legislation (2)
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Notification 1605:
Japanese Agricultural Standard for Organic Agricultural Products
Article 2 defines the principles of organic production
Article 3 provides definition of terms
Article 4 defines the criteria of the production method:
Organic fields (conversion period, prevention of drift of unallowed inputs)Seeds and seedlings
Manure practices (fertilisation)
Control of pests and diseases
Separation, transportation, processing
Article 5 describes part of the labelling requirements
Attached Tables define permitted fertilizers (Table 1) and plant protection agents
(Table 2)
Overview JAS Legislation (3)
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Notification 1606:
Japanese Agricultural Standard for Organic Processed Foods
Article 2 defines the principles of organic processing
Article 3 provides definition of terms and ratio of non-organic ingredients
Article 4 defines the criteria of the production methods:
Permitted raw materialsManagement of manufacturing process (no GMO, no radiation, facility pest
control/hygiene, no commingling or contamination)
Article 5 describes part of the labelling requirements
Attached Tables define permitted food additives (Table 1) and permitted substances for
facility pest management (Table 2)
Overview JAS Legislation (4)
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Technical Criteria:
Notification N1830:
Production Process Managers of Organic Agricultural Products and Organic Feeds
Notification N1831:
Production Process Managers of Organic Processed Foods and Organic Feeds
Notification N1832:Production Process Managers of Organic Livestock Products
Notification N1833:
Re-packers
Notification N1834:
Importers in Japan
Notification N1971:
Grading Requirements
Overview JAS Legislation (5)
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Seeds and Seedlings:
1st priority: JAS organic seeds / vegetative propagation material
If difficult to obtain:
2nd priority: Seeds / vegetative propagation material from production without any
prohibited fertilisers and plant production agents
If difficult to obtain:
3rd priority: Untreated seeds / vegetative propagation material
The same as above applies for seedlings.
They must be obtained in as young a stage as possible.
Excepted are seeds for products eaten as sprouts,
which must be from plants cultivated without any
inputs prohibited for JAS.
Specific JAS Requirements (1)
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GMOs:
GMO seed and vegetative propagation material prohibited
Fertilisers must not be produced with / contain any GMO
Pesticides must not be produced with / contain any GMO
Any GMO ingredients / processing aids are prohibited
Specific JAS Requirements (2)
S C f O
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Conversion Period:
36 months for perennial crops
24 months before sowing for annual crops
24 months before harvest of perennial pasture crops
Harvest of first 12 months of conversion = not certified (as C0 for EU)
Like in NOP, the conversion period only refers to the field management (i.e. last date of
not allowed inputs), not to the registration as organic operator as in the EU Regulation.
Specific JAS Requirements (3)
JAS T i i C f O t
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Soil Fertility:
.
Preferably compost from by-products
from organic farms
Inactive substances like granulating and
anticaking agents must be from natural origin,
and produced without chemical treatmentIf such inactive substances are difficult
to obtain, lignin sulfonic acid may be
used
Allowed fertilisers are listed in
Notification N1605, Table 1
Bought in fertilisers only if these are not
sufficient to maintain soil fertility
IMO requires a signed fertiliser declaration (Form 8.03) or full specification
Specific JAS Requirements (4)
JAS T i i C f O t
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Pest, Disease and Weed Control:
.
Preferably by cultivation,physical and biological
methods
Note that the following substances are not allowed or restricted:
Rotenonnot allowed
Copper sulfaterestricted to be used in bordeaux mixture
Lecithinallowed only from soybean
Allowed pest control agents arelisted in Notification N1605, Table 2
Any inputs only if these are not effective and
the pest/disease is a serious risk for the crop
IMO requires a specification
Specific JAS Requirements (5)
JAS T i i C f O t
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Processing:
Organic agricultural
ingredients
Conventional agricultural
ingredients;Aquatic products
Processing aids
according to JASstandard
Water Salt
Specific JAS Requirements (6)
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Processing:
5% + 95%
conventional JAS
5% + 95%
95%5% +
Specific JAS Requirements (7)
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Handling during processing, storage and transport:
Facility pest control should preferably be done by physical barriers, sound waves,
ultrasonic waves, light, ultraviolet radiation, traps, temperature management. If these
measures are not sufficient, products as listed in Table 2 of Notification No. 1606 may
be used.
It must be avoided that these substances get in contact with the organic products.
Other products (conventional chemicals) may be used, as long as no organic products
are present, and no residues of the chemicals are left once the organic products are
brought to the plant/storage.
Specific JAS Requirements (8)
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Define the Operator Categories of the following operators:
1) Mountainview Farm does coffee farming and pulping of the coffee cherries grown in the ownfarm.
2) Mountainview Farm starts to do also roasting of their coffee themselves.
3) Bigriver Farm packs its own fresh bananas into cartons, and does also packing of bananas
for its neighbour Riverside Farm, which is JAS certified, too.
4) Riverside Farm, besides banana production, does also slicing and drying of the pineapplesgrown in their farm.
5) Tea Taste Ltd. purchases black tea from different estates, blends and exports them.
6) Valley Tea Ltd. purchases JAS labelled tea, puts a sticker with their name on the chests andsells them.
Farm
Farm and Processor
Farm and Repacker
Farm and Processor
Repacker
Categories of Operators (Exercise 1)
Certification not required
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What information / documents do you require from an operator in the following cases?
1) Riverside Farm contacts you in order to find out whether they might use the fertiliser
Bananagrow in their JAS certified banana fields. The farm manager tells you that
Bananagrow is sold in 50 kg packages, and on the label it says that it contains
Mycorrhizae. Do you need more information in order to decide whether the fertiliser
can be approved?
2) Mountainview Farm is looking for a plant protection agent against coffee leaf rust.
They obtained a letter from a pesticide manufacturing company, stating that their
product contains 80 % of copper oxychloride. Do you need more information in order
to decide whether the pesticide can be approved?
3) Riverside Farm starts to produce pineapple juice. They want to add non-organic
mango juice, and citric acid. Is this possible, and what needs to be considered
(where can you verify it)?
Specific JAS Requirements (Exercise 2)
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Description of Procedures:
The operator has to develop a JAS Manual where the procedures
concerning the organic production are defined and described.
Specific JAS Requirements (9)
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Grading:
Final internal control before a lot is despatched from the operation.
Specific JAS Requirements (10)
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Grading:
The operator must describe in the Grading Rules how the Grading isdone.
Each Grading must be recorded in a so called Grading Record.
Specific JAS Requirements (11)
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Grading:
For each lot to be despatched with final destination Japan, the operator has to:
Verify by document check that the JAS production rules haven been followed (i.e. the
proceedings in the JAS Manual have been followed).
Ensure that the records for the lots to be graded are complete.
Verify correctness of the label to be used.Ensure that each graded product for sales to Japan actually is labelled with the JAS seal.
Ensure that the despatch / shipping is done in a way to guarantee that the organic integrity
of the products is ensured.
Fill in the grading result document (IMO grading record form 8.01 and/or more detailed
internal grading checklist).
Each JAS operator has to do the grading for all sales with final destination Japan (if one legal
entity is certified under two different operator categories, the grading has to be done for each
category).
Specific JAS Requirements (12)
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Grading:
One example of a Grading procedure:
A farm produces clean coffee and packs it on the farm for export as JAS organic to Japan.
Before the coffee bags are labeled and despatched, the responsible person of the farm hasto verify through document check that:
The coffee effectively originates from JAS certified fields(i.e. check incoming goods documents)
The cultivation process on these fields has been according to the JASrequirements(i.e. check farm diary)
There was no contamination or commingling of the lots(i.e. check processing records)
The responsible person now puts the JAS Seal on the products, checking that the labellingof the product is correct.
Specific JAS Requirements (12)
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Grading result and label check
positive negative
Grading Record to be signed
Reasons to be researched and documented,
records of non-conformities and actions taken
to be kept
May not be sold as JAS organic to Japan
Grading Record to be signed
Lots can be despatched for Japan
Grading:
Specific JAS Requirements (13)
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Responsibilities:
Production Process Management Director (PPMD):
Designing and implementing the JAS Manual
Grading Manager (GM):
Final control (Grading)
PPMD and GM must fulfil certain qualification criteria, whichare clearly defined by JAS.
Specific JAS Requirements (14)
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Documentation, Records and Responsibilities:
INTERNAL CONTROL
Grading Rules
PRODUCTION
JAS Manual
Production Process
Management DirectorGrading Manager
Production Records Grading Records
Specific JAS Requirements (15)
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Size and colour of the JAS seal may be altered, but not the proportions.Directly below the JAS seal, IMO must be written, in letters of the same height as JAS.
Labelling:
Specific JAS Requirements (16)
Non-retail packages Retail packages
IMO IMO
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Application Form and IMO Operator Profile:
INTERNAL CONTROL
Grading Rules
PRODUCTION
JAS Manual
IMO Operator Profile X.1
IMO Additional JAS Operator Profile X.1.7
JAS Certification Process (1)
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Reporting of annual quantities sold to Japan:
MAFF requires annually a complete statistics of the quantity of products sold with theJAS seal to Japan (to be submitted in September, covering the period May to April).
This statistics needs to be presented by the Certification Bodies per product and per
country.
In order to enable IMO to do so, operators must report a summary of JAS organic sales
each year to IMO.
IMO will request this information from operators in May annually.
JAS Certification Process (2)
Reporting of changes:
Any changes in company name, address and assortment list need to be informed toIMO immediately, as this needs to be reported to the Japanese ministry MAFF.
If operation choses not to renew its JAS certification, IMO must be informed
immediately.
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Operator IMO
screening
screening
JAS Training
Signed Application Form
and Operator Profile
Inspection; Certification;
Publication on IMO Homepage
Inspection; Certification
Information about changes; sales statistics
Signed Application Form
and Operator Profile
Information about changes; sales statistics
Year1
Y
ear2
JAS Certification Process (3)
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Specific JAS Requirements (Exercise 3)
Grading:
Please describe briefly what you check in order to fulfill the grading requirements. As the
final step of the grading procedure, please fill in the IMO Sample Grading Record
Form 8.01. If necessary, make adaptations of the form or describe what other
document might be used for signature by the Grading Managers.
Situation: Smallholder group with 370 olive farmers
Olive Oil production at the mill belonging to the co-operative
There is 1 purchase centre at the olive mill
The purchase officer acts as Grading Manager for the olive production
The factory quality manager acts as Grading Manager for the mill
There is an order for 3000 l of olive oil (lot no. 04_08_01) to the Japanese customer Fuji
Organic, to be despatched on 19.04.2008.
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Thank you for your attention
Please feel free to contact IMO for any JAS related questions
IMO wishes you success in the Japanese organic market
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