More than StakeholdersThe Iwokrama experience of community
participation in forest management
Sydney Allicock, Chair, NRDDBIwokrama International Centre and the North Rupununi District Development Board
April 19-20, 2010Indigenous Conference on Protected Areas
Guyana
Where is Iwokrama
Background on GuyanaPopulation* - 740,000
Land Area - 21.6 Million Ha
Total Forest - 16.8 Million Ha
Forested Area-78.5%
Area per Capita- 19.7 ha
Ethnically- Indo, Afro, Amerindian, Chinese, Portuguese
9 Amerindian NationsWapishana
Macushi
Wai Wai
Carib
Arawak
Patamona
Warrau
Arecuna
Akawaio
Agriculture, Mining, Forestry Map © Guyana Forestry Commission
Iwokrama International Centre for Rain Forest Conservation and Development
An international experiment in sustainable development established by Guyana in collaboration with the Commonwealth-1989
An autonomous international multidisciplinary research and development centre
1 million acres of Forest in Central Guyana (371,000 ha)- 2% Guyana’s Forest
Governed by an Act (1996) and managed by the Iwokrama International Centre
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En mo re
We ld aa d
Ma ba ruma
Pila na w a
Ma rlb or oug h
MabarumaMorawhanna
BARAMANNI
Kwara
ArakakaKoriabo
Takutu
Towakaima
Waramuri Mission
Marlborough
Anna Regina
Suddie
Peter's Mine
Issano
Ebini
ApoteriAnnai
Mowasi
Potaro
LINDEN
NEW AMSTERDAM
BARTICA
Issoroso
Perth
Enmore
GEORGETOWN
PilanawaDadanawa Shea
Kurukukari
Parika
LETH EM
VENEZUELA
BRAZIL SURINAME
BRAZIL
GUYANA20 0 20 40 Kilometers
N
Data Source1:1000 0000 CSBS
Iwokrama Forest
Iwokrama’s Mission
To promote the conservation and the sustainable and equitable use of tropical rainforests in a manner that will lead to lasting ecological, economic and social benefits to the people of Guyana and to the world in general, by undertaking research, training, and the development and dissemination of technologies
Dual PurposesConservation / Sustainable Use
Non-commercial / Commercial
National Development / Global Value
Integrating Conservation with Sustainable Use
Wilderness Preserve
Sustainable Utilisation Area
First phase – Research including Zonation of the forest
Communities integrally involved in process of selection of zones
Zoning based in specific criteria
Iwokrama BusinessesIntegrating Conservation & Use
Current phase emphasis- Business Development
Core Costs
AreasEcotourism
Training
Sustainable Forestry
Intellectual Property & Services
Iwokrama and Stakeholders
Iwokrama Forest Management
Board of TrusteesIwokrama Centre
Fairview and Surama Villages
The Guyanese Public
Guyana Forestry CommissionEnvironmental Protection Agency
Fisheries Department
Ministry of Foreign Trade and International Affairs
The Lands Commission
Ministry of AgricultureMinistry of Amerindian Affairs
North Rupununi Community Councils
Region 8 Communities
NRDDB
Region 8 Area Council
Ministry of Local Government
University of GuyanaCentre for the Study of Biological Diversity
Conservation International - Guyana
WWF - Guiana Shield
Guyana Marine Turtle Conservation Society
Gold Miners
Wildlife Trappers and Traders
Commercial Fishers
Aquarium Fish Traders
Karanambu Trust
Environmental Studies Unit
Guyana School of AgricultureNational Agricultural Research Institute
Food and Material Suppliers
Chainsaw Loggers
Institute for Applied Science and Technology
Forest Producers Association
Guyana Geology and Mines Commission
Guyana Gold and Diamond Miners AssociationTimber Companies
NTFP Companies
Customers
Region 8 RDC Region 9 RDC
Region 9 Chamber of Commerce
International Zoos and AquariaInternational Conservation NGOs
International Museums and UniversitiesInternational Indigenous Peoples NGOs
Infrastructure Suppliers and Builders
AID Agencies (DFID, CIDA, EU, IDRC, USAID)
Individuals living in, or near, the Iwokrama Forest
Local Police, Education and HealthPolitical Parties
National Amerindian Organizations
International Organizations (UNICEF, UNDP, FAO, UNEP)
International Unions (IUCN)
Commonwealth Secretariat and International CommunityOffice of the President, Government of Guyana
Tourism CompaniesTourism and Hospitality Association of Guyana
Airline, Shipping Companies
Guyana Police Force
International Research Centres (CGIAR, CIFOR)
Guyana National Museum
Guyanese NGOs and Civil Society
Trucking Companies
Sport Fishers and HuntersWild Meat Traders
Tourism Entrepeneurs
Guyana Business Community
Region 9 Touchaus CouncilIwokrama Staff
Amerindians in Guyana
International Foundations (MacArthur, Ford, etc)
National Media
International Media
Women’s Organizations
Ministry of EducationInternational Conventions (CBD, Ramsar, CITES)
Diplomatic Corps
Guyana National Zoo
Ministry of Health
Iwokrama and Local People
Historical owners of Iwokrama Forest
Rich culture
Language
Archeological sites
Iwokrama & how it relates to People
Stakeholders & Shareholders
Fairview Village (ownership 22,000 ha of Iwokrama Forest since 2006 through acquisition of ‘title’)
Frameworks for Participation
The Iwokrama Act – Legislation that guarantees and protects the rights and enables access to the use of the Iwokrama Forest by the Indigenous Peoples in the communities “neighbouring” the Forest who have customary (traditional) rights to the Forest
– This section of the Act therefore provides the entry point for participation in the Iwokrama Programme by Amerindian communities living in and around the Iwokrama Forest.
18 communities6000 people90% Amerindian (Indigenous)Mostly savannah
Makushi language spoken in most homes
The Communities-North Rupununi
North Rupununi District Development Board
A multi-stakeholder forum and representative body to enable improved communications, information-sharing, decision-making, benefit-sharing for the people of the North Rupununi
between and among the leaders, village councils community citizens, local & other government officials especially the MoAA.
To provide an organised, local, community-based forum for ensuring community-led interests, negotiations and agendas when meeting with other “outside” / “counterpart” Agencies such as Iwokrama, UNDP, CI etc…
Established 1996
North Rupununi District Development North Rupununi District Development BoardBoard
NRDDB UMBRELLA & INSTITUTIONSNRDDB UMBRELLA & INSTITUTIONS
NRC&DTCredit Facility
NRC&DTCredit Facility
Radio PaiwomakRadio Paiwomak
Community Eco-Tourism
Community Eco-Tourism
Youth Leadership
Youth Leadership
FarmersFarmers
JuniorWildlife Clubs
JuniorWildlife Clubs
AquariumAquarium
ArapaimaArapaima
MRUMakushi
Research Unit
MRUMakushi
Research Unit
BHIBHI
NRDDBNRDDB
Executive Committee
Premise for Sustainable Resource Use
Bus
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Co
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Sustainable Resource Use
Access to Markets & Capital
Business and Operational Know-How
Scientific Knowledge & ReputationManagement RightsEstablished Partnerships & TrustEnvironmental & Social Monitoring & Management SkillsAccess to Green Markets
Historical Rights & OwnershipLocal Ecological KnowledgeField SkillsSocial & Cultural StructureSocial Monitoring Skills
Sydney Allicock, Surama
Three Legged Stool
From Stakeholders to Shareholders
Community rep. on highest level of Iwokrama’s management- Board of Trustees
No community representative on Board in initial stages 2002 – Sydney Allicock, Surama Village appointed as Community Representative on the Board
Bus
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Co
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s Iwokram
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Sustainable Resource Use
Access to Markets & Capital
Business and Operational Know-How
Scientific Knowledge & ReputationManagement RightsEstablished Partnerships & TrustEnvironmental & Social Monitoring & Management SkillsAccess to Green Markets
Historical Rights & OwnershipLocal Ecological KnowledgeField SkillsSocial & Cultural StructureSocial Monitoring Skills
Collaborative Managementwith North Rupununi
Memorandum of Understanding -2003Identified common goals and objectives and outlined protocols to be observed
Collaborative management agreement- NRDDB-2005, revised 2008
Binding Iwokrama and NRDDB to commitments
Sets out a framework where Iwokrama and NRDDB will collaboratively manage the Programme Site
FairView Village- titledCollaborative MA- FairView
Centre recognises FV village as its partner in conservation and development of lands within the programme site
Ownership in timber businessIwokrama, FairView, NRDDB communities
Shareholding agreementBenefit sharing mechanism
Tourism- visitors fee
Benefits
Community FundEstablished 2008Fund-capacity building, conservation, community business development
Training OpportunitiesCourses- sponsored personsWildlife Clubs
Employment About 60 percent of Iwokrama staff from N Rupununi communities
Community Tourism
The lesson / success of the Iwokrama-NRDDB partnership for co-management relies on the “ownership” by local people, the practice of principles for good governance and the combined vision and skills of stakeholders / partners in the process
Support for Low Carbon Development Strategy of the Government of Guyana
Towards the Future…
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