Introduction to DNA
Question:
• From your on-line computer activity, what do you know about the structure of DNA?
Structure of DNA
• DNA is a polymer of what????
Nuclotides!
There are two types of bases:
Adenine & Guanine ( A & G ) =
Thymine & Cytosine( T & C) =
There are two types of bases:
Intro to DNA• Chromosomes exist
in “matching pairs” in the nucleus of a cell
• Scientists call the matching pairs “homologous pairs”.
• In every human body cell, there are 23 homologous pairs of chromosomes.
Example of a human Karyotype
IN HUMANS
Pair # 1- 22 = “autosomes”
Pair #23 = “Sex chromosomes”* XX =
* XY =
Karyotype
• What does the prefix “homo” mean?
• How are homologs similar?#1#2#3#4
Karyotype
Q: How are homologs different????
• GENE –
A:
IMPORTANT !!• All 46 chromosomes
are present in every human body cell!!! Therefore
• All 30,000 genes pairs which make up a human are in every human body cell!
IMPORTANT !!• Genome –
• *** Every body cell of an organism contains its entire genome !!!! *****
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