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Binder page 8Chapter 3 Notes
The Impact Today
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The colonies influenced values and beliefs many Americans cherish today.For example:
• Many people still come to the Americas in search of economic opportunity and religious freedom.
• Representative government remains an important part of the American political system.
Binder page 8
Chapter 3 Notes Section 1
(pages 70–71)(pages 70–71)
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I. Jamestown, VA: The First Settlement
1. In 1606, a group of merchants
known as the Virginia Company
sent 144 settlers to build a new
colony in America where they were
to look for gold and establish trade
in furs. (pages 71–73)(pages 71–73)
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I. Jamestown, VA: The First Settlement
(pages 71–73)(pages 71–73)
2. The Virginia colonists never
found gold or silver, but they did
discover how to grow tobacco for
profit.
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A. The Mayflower carried Pilgrims
to settle the Virginia colony. They
landed north, however, at
Plymouth, Massachusetts, due to
the oncoming winter.
Chapter 3 Section 2
I. Religious Freedom
(pages 76–78)(pages 76–78)
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I. Religious Freedom
(pages 76–78)(pages 76–78)
• Plymouth was not part of the
Virginia Company territory
therefore its laws did not apply.
• So the Pilgrims drew up the
Mayflower Compact to provide
laws to live by. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
A. During the Great Migration in
the 1630s, more than 15,000
Puritans came to Massachusetts to
escape religious persecution and
economic difficulties in England.
(pages 78–80)(pages 78–80)
II. New Settlements
New Settlements (cont.)
(pages 78–80)(pages 78–80)
B. The Massachusetts Bay
Colony created a colonial
legislature when settlers wanted
a larger role in government.
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New Settlements (cont.)
(pages 78–80)(pages 78–80)
• Adult male church members
who owned property could
vote for their representatives to
the General Court.
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C. Although the Puritans left
England for religious freedom in
America, they persecuted, people
who held religious beliefs other
than theirs.
New Settlements (cont.)
(pages 78–80)(pages 78–80)
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• This led to the formation of 3
new colonies in America.
• Connecticut, Rhode Island
and New Hampshire
New Settlements (cont.)
(pages 78–80)(pages 78–80)
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Chapter 3 Section 3
I. England and the Colonies
(pages 82–84)(pages 82–84)
A. England wanted to gain control of
the Dutch-controlled New Netherland
(New York) in between the New
England colonies and Virginia because
of its harbor and river trade.
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B. The English wanted this wealthy
colony so they sent a fleet to attack
the city of New Amsterdam (New
York City).
• The Dutch governor surrendered
the colony.
England and the Colonies (cont.)
(pages 82–84)(pages 82–84)
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• The Duke of York gained control
of the colony and named it New
York.
England and the Colonies (cont.)
(pages 82–84)(pages 82–84)
C. The southern part of New York
became New Jersey.
England and the Colonies (cont.)
(pages 82–84)(pages 82–84)
• Without a major port or city,
however, it did not make the
money the landowners (friends
of the Duke of York) expected. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
England and the Colonies (cont.)
(pages 82–84)(pages 82–84)
• By 1702 New Jersey became a
royal colony, yet it continued to
make local laws.
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II. Pennsylvania
A. William Penn received a
large tract of land in America
from the king as a repayment
of a debt.
(pages 84–85)(pages 84–85)
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(pages 84–85)(pages 84–85)
B. Penn, a Quaker, saw
Pennsylvania as a chance to put
the Quaker ideas of tolerance and
equality into practice (even with
Native Americans).
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(pages 84–85)(pages 84–85)
• He designed the city of
Philadelphia and wrote the first
constitution.
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C. To encourage settlers to
Pennsylvania, he advertised the
colony throughout Europe in
several languages.
(pages 84–85)(pages 84–85)
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• By 1683 more than 3,000
English, Welsh, Irish, Dutch,
and German people settled
there.
(pages 84–85)(pages 84–85)
D. In 1703 the Three Lower
Counties formed their own
legislature and became the colony
of Delaware.
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(pages 84–85)(pages 84–85)
• The counties functioned as a
separate colony but were
supervised by Pennsylvania’s
governor.
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(pages 84–85)(pages 84–85)
A. Reasons settlers came to the new world.
I. Coming to America
(pages 86–88)(pages 86–88)
1. They came voluntarily to start a
new life or have religious
freedom.
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I. Coming to America
(pages 86–88)(pages 86–88)
2. The were criminals or political
prisoners from England and
Scotland and could earn their
release if they worked for a period
of time (seven years).
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I. Coming to America
(pages 86–88)(pages 86–88)
3. They were seized and brought
as slaves from Africa.
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I. Coming to America
(pages 86–88)(pages 86–88)
4. They were indentured servants
who worked without pay for a
certain period of time in exchange
for their passage.
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B. Maryland became a colony
in 1632.
I. Coming to America
(pages 86–88)(pages 86–88)
• Lord Baltimore wanted to
establish a safe place for
Catholics.
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• Maryland tobacco farmers were
required to also produce wheat,
fruit, vegetables and livestock
so that they would not be
dependent upon one cash crop.
Coming to America (cont.)
(pages 86–88)(pages 86–88)
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• Indentured servants and
enslaved Africans were used to
work the plantations.
• Baltimore became the largest
settlement, founded in 1729.
Coming to America (cont.)
(pages 86–88)(pages 86–88)
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• Because the boundary between
Maryland and Pennsylvania
was disputed, the British
astronomers Mason and Dixon
were hired to resolve the issue
and establish a boundary.
Coming to America (cont.)
(pages 86–88)(pages 86–88)
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II. Settling the Carolinas
A. King Charles II founded the
colony of Carolina.
(pages 89–90)(pages 89–90)
B. Northern Carolina was settled
by small farmers.
Settling the Carolinas (cont.)
(pages 89–90)(pages 89–90)
• Because this northern region did
not have a good harbor, settlers
relied on Virginia’s ports.
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Settling the Carolinas (cont.)
(pages 89–90)(pages 89–90)
C. Southern Carolina was more
prosperous due to the fertile land
and its harbor city, Charleston.
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Settling the Carolinas (cont.)
(pages 89–90)(pages 89–90)
• Rice became the leading crop,
and indigo, a blue flowering
plant, became the “blue gold” of
Carolina.
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D. Most of the settlers of southern
Carolina came from the English
colony of Barbados in the West
Indies.
(pages 89–90)(pages 89–90)
• They brought with them
enslaved Africans to work in
the rice fields. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
Settling the Carolinas (cont.)
(pages 89–90)(pages 89–90)
• Because so much labor was
needed to grow rice, the demand
for slaves increased.
• By 1708 more than half of
southern Carolina’s new settlers
were enslaved Africans.Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
F. Carolina’s settlers were angry at
the proprietors who ran their
colony. They wanted a greater role
in the colony’s government.
Settling the Carolinas (cont.)
(pages 89–90)(pages 89–90)
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(pages 89–90)(pages 89–90)
• In 1719 the settlers in southern
Carolina seized control from its
proprietors.
• Carolina was formally divided
into two colonies–North Carolina
and South Carolina–in 1729.
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Page 8
- Label each colony- Color code each region- Label each body of water and shade in blue
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III. Georgia
A. James Oglethorpe founded the
colony of Georgia in 1733.
(pages 90–91)(pages 90–91)
• It was the last British colony to
be founded in the Americas.
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III. Georgia
(pages 90–91)(pages 90–91)
• Great Britain created Georgia as
a place where British debtors
and poor people could make a
fresh start and as a military
barrier to protect the other British
colonies from invasion…
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III. Georgia
(pages 90–91)(pages 90–91)
…due to its location between
Spanish Florida and South
Carolina.
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• Georgia did receive poor people but few debtors.
• Religious refugees also settled there. • The town of Savannah was created
in 1733.
Georgia (cont.)
(pages 90–91)(pages 90–91)
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A. The French settlement in the
Americas grew slowly.
IV. New France
(page 92)(page 92)
• The French were interested
mainly in the fishing and fur
trade at first.
- They had settlements in two
regions: Canada and the
Mississippi River.
New France (cont.)
(page 92)(page 92)
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B. The French fur trappers
respected the ways of the Native
Americans, so they had better
relations with them than did other
Europeans.
New France (cont.)
(page 92)(page 92)
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A. Spain had a large empire in
Mexico, the Caribbean, Central
America, and South America
called New Spain.
V. New Spain
(pages 92–93)(pages 92–93)
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V. New Spain
(pages 92–93)(pages 92–93)
• To keep control and protect its
claims, Spain sent soldiers,
missionaries, and settlers .
B. Rivalries in Europe between Great Britain and Spain often resulted in fighting between the British and Spanish colonies in America (because the Spanish are buddies with the French).
New Spain (cont.)
(pages 92–93)(pages 92–93)
• Wars between the British and French in Europe also greatly affected their lands in the Americas.
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Geography and History ActivityStudy the map below and answer the questions on the following slides.
Geography and History Activity
Massachusetts and Virginia had the largest areas of settlement.
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Location Which colonies had the largest areas of settlement before 1660?
Geography and History Activity
Boston was settled before 1660.
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Place During what time period was Boston settled?
Directions: Choose the best answer to the following question.
Test-Taking Tip As you read the stem of each multiple-choice question, try to anticipate the answer before you look at the choices. If your answer is one of the choices, it is probably correct.
Which colony was founded to put Quaker ideas into practice?
A Plymouth
B Virginia
C Georgia
D Pennsylvania
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Standardized Test Practice
Reading a Bar Graph
Why Learn This Skill?
A bar graph presents numerical information in a visual way. Bars of various lengths stand for different quantities. A bar graph lets you see a lot of information in an organized way. Bars may be drawn vertically–up and down–or horizontally–left to right. Labels along the left axis and the bottom axis explain what the bars represent.
This feature can be found on page 81 of your textbook.Click the Speaker button to replay the audio.
This feature can be found on page 81 of your textbook. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.
Learning the Skill
To read a bar graph: • Read the title to learn the subject of the graph. • Look at the horizontal and vertical axes to find out what
information the graph presents. • Compare the lengths of the bars on the graph.
Reading a Bar Graph
Practicing the Skill
Study the bar graph on the right and answer the following questions.
This feature can be found on page 81 of your textbook.
Reading a Bar Graph
Practicing the Skill
This feature can be found on page 81 of your textbook. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.
1. Which colony had the largest total population in 1700? The smallest?
Virginia had the largest total population in 1700. Pennsylvania had the smallest.
2. Did Virginia or Maryland have a larger African American population?
Virginia had a larger African American population than Maryland.
Reading a Bar Graph
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