Intro. to Biology
Chapter 1
Biology
• The study of life.• Bio= life
• -ology= the study of
Levels of Organization(NOT a flashcard)
7 Characteristics of Life• made of CELLS
• ADAPTS to surroundings
• REPRODUCES
• GROWS and develops
• highly ORGANIZED
• makes ENERGY
• reacts to a STIMULUS CAR GOES
An organisms MUST have all
7 characteristics
to be considered
alive.
Remember:
1. Made of CELLS
If it is living, it is made of cells!!!
Every single living
thing is made of
cells!
2. ADAPTS to surroundings
• How do YOU adapt to YOUR surroundings?• Sweat when it gets hot to cool down.
• Tan when the sun hits your skin to prevent further damage.
• How does a fish adapt?
3. REPRODUCES
• Organisms MUST make more organisms.• Otherwise, they would die and never appear
again!
4. GROWS and develops
I’m growing
and developing
!
•As an organism matures, it does not just grow.
•Tissues, organs and organ systems turn on or change their operations, leading to changes in the whole organism.
5. highly ORGANIZED
• No organism is randomly placed together…there is ALWAYS organization.
6. makes ENERGY
• Each individual cell makes energy-if it were to stop, then ALL would stop = DEATH.
7. reacts to a STIMULUS Stimulus Reaction to the
stimulusThe weather is cold. You put on a sweater.
A light switch is flipped. The lights come on.
Power is pushed on a remote control.
The T.V. is turned on.
A fly lands on a Venus flytrap
The Venus flytrap
closes.
Homeostasis• The regulation of an organism’s internal
environment.• Basically, keeping it the SAME!!!
• Temperature
• Acidity
• Salt
Evolution• Genetic
changes over time.
Metabolism• The chemical build up
and break down.
• Living things take in energy and change it into different forms.
• The transformed energy is used to power all of life’s processes.
Microscope Parts
• arm
• base
• body tube
• coarse adjustment
• fine adjustment
• diaphragm
• eyepiece • high-power objective
• low-power objective
• light source/mirror
• revolving nosepiece
• stage
• stage clips
Microscope Functions
• arm - this attaches the eyepiece and body tube to the base.
• base - this supports the microscope.
body tube - the tube that supports the eyepiece.
• coarse adjustment - a knob that makes large adjustments to the focus.
• fine adjustment - a knob that makes small adjustments to the focus (it is often smaller than the coarse focus knob).
• diaphragm – changes amount of light.
• eyepiece - where you place your eye.
•high-power objective - a large lens with high magnifying power.
•low-power objective - a small lens with low magnifying power.
•revolving nosepiece – changes the objectives
•light source / mirror - this directs light upwards onto the slide.
•stage - the platform on which a slide is placed.
•stage clips - clips that hold a slide securely onto the stage.
Any Questions?
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