8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
1/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 1
International RelationsKey Terms
Key Terms
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
2/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 2
International Relations
International Relations as a field of
study covers the factors and processes
that affect the interactions amongstates and non-state actors across
national boundaries
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
3/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 3
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
4/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 4
Actors
State
Inter Governmental Organizations
International Institutions Non-state entities
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
5/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 5
Anarchy
Implies not the complete chaos or
absence of structure or rules, but rather
than lack a of a central government thatcan enforce rules at international level;
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
6/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 6
Authority
Legitimate right to use Power
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
7/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 7
Balance of Power
A condition in which the distribution of
military and political forces among nations
means no one state is sufficiently strong todominate all the others.
It may be global, regional or local in scope
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
8/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 8
Bureaucratic
Rule by officials; routine administrative
work
Political & social aspects Career specialists
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
9/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 9
Cold War
The period in world affairs from c.1947-
1990, marked by ideological, economic
and political hostility and competitionbetween the US and the Soviet Union, and
drawing in other powers at various levels
of involvement
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
10/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 10
Conflict
Perceived rival and incompatible claims
over some desired "good"
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
11/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 11
Democracy
Democratic centralism- serves the interest
of people
Direct Democracy all citizens participatein making laws
Representative democracy - we elect
people to represent us and vote on our
behalf
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
12/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 12
Democracy - Representative
Parliamentary System
Power vested in legislature
Prime minister chosen by legislature Centralized power
Presidential system
Power vested in separate institutions
President chosen by the people
Power decentralized
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
13/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 13
Defense Strategy
Involves the assumption that war will be
fought with three aims in mind:
1. to punish the aggressor 2. to deny territorial gains
3. to limit the damage to oneself
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
14/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 14
Ethnic Group
A group of people who define themselves
as distinct from other groups because of
cultural differences
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
15/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 15
Government
Government consists of those institutions
that have the authority to make decisions
binding on the whole society
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
16/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 16
Foreign Policy
The goals that state officials seek to obtain
abroad, the values that give rise to those
objectives, and the means or instruments
through which these are pursued
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
17/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 17
Glasnost
Russian term, literally meaning
"openness," applied in the Soviet Union
beginning in the mid-1980s to official
permission for public discussion of issues
and public access to information.
Identified with the tenure of Mikhail S.
Gorbachev as leader of the Soviet Union.
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
18/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 18
Inter-Governmental Organizations
(IGO) Any international body or agency set up by
the state, controlled by its member states,
and dealing primarily with their common
interests
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
19/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 19
LDC
Less Developed Country
Non-industrialized nations characterized
by low per capita income, high birthratesand death rates, high population growth
rates, and low levels of technological
development.
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
20/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 20
Marxism
People who believe that those who control
the economic system also controls the
political one
Focus is on means of production
Government is controlled by a dominate
social class
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
21/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 21
MAD
Mutually Assured Destruction, strategic
doctrine which guarantees that each side
in a nuclear exchange would survive a first
strike by its opponent with enough arms
intact to launch a second-strike sufficient
to destroy the aggressor
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
22/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 22
Multiple Sum game
Both actors can mutually gain
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
23/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 23
Natural Law
The idea there existed rights and duties
attached to human beings as such that
existed in all times and all places, that
could be discovered by reason, and that
should be applied in the relations between
groups
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
24/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 24
Negative Peace
The absence of war and physical (direct)
violence
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
25/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 25
Non-Aligned Movement
Organization of Third World countries
which dealt with statements on a wide
variety of issues from nuclear proliferation
to trade and development,
First meeting: Bandung, Indonesia, 1955,
led by a few relatively strong, independent
personalities: Tito, Nehru, and Nasser(Yugoslavia, India, Egypt)
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
26/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 26
NGO
Any private organization involved in
activities that have transnational
implications
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
27/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 27
OECD
Organization for Economic Cooperation
and Development, organization of 29
industrialized countries
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
28/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 28
OPEC
Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries: cartel of oil producers formed to
control the price and supply of oil on world
markets
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
29/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 29
Politics
Politics is the activity generated by the
conflict over who will run the government
and what decisions it will make
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
30/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 30
Power
The ability of one person to cause another
person to act in accordance with the first
persons intentions.
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
31/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 31
Perestroika
Restructuring', a term used by Mikhail
Gorbachev to describe his plans to reform,
modernize and partly decentralize the
Soviet economy
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
32/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 32
Positive Peace
The absence of structural violence as well
as direct violence
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
33/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 33
Protectionism
Protecting a States economy from the
international economy by imposing various
restrictions on flow of imports or exports of
goods or services into or out of your
country
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
34/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 34
Security Dilemma
A situation in which states' actions taken to
assure their own security, tend to threaten
the security of other states
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
35/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 35
Sovereignty
Means a government has the right, at least
in principle, to do whatever it likes in its
own territory
External and Internal Sovereignty
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
36/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 36
Structural Power
The power to change the rules of the
game for others, the power to structure the
choices of other actors
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
37/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 37
Structural Violence
Latent or hidden forms of social conflict
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
38/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 38
War
Legitimate use of organized violence or
force to achieve "goals"
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
39/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 39
Zero- Sum Game
one actors' gain is another's loss
8/9/2019 International Relations Key Terms
40/40
4/17/2010 10:38 AM 40
References
John T.Rourke, International Politics on the World Stage, 10thedition, McGraw-Hill, 2005
Andrew Heywood, Key Concepts in Politics, Palgrave-macmilan,2000
Peter Calvocorresi, World Politics 1945-2000, Pearson, 2001
John Baylis & Steve Smith (ed), The Globalization of WorldPolitics- An Introduction to International Relations, OUP, 2001
John Hucthinson & Anthony Smith (ed), Nationalism , OUP,1994
Palmer & Perkins, International Relations 3rd edition, AITBS,2007
Robert Jackson & Georg Sorensen, Introduction to International
Relations- Theories and Approaches, OUP, 2006
Top Related