Integrating gender-related questions in Mongolia’s Livestock census to assess women’s herders’ needs
AMARBAL AvirmedDirector,
Population and Social Statistics Department,
National Statistics Office of Mongolia
Bangkok, Thailand
03/09/19
• Land area: 1,564,116 km2
• Mongolia is the 18th-largest and the mostsparsely populated sovereign state in the world. Itis also the world's second-largest landlockedcountry and the largest landlocked country thatdoes not border a closed sea.
• Capital: Ulaanbaatar
• Ulaanbaatar also shares the rank of the world'scoldest capital city with Moscow, Ottawa,and Nur-Sultan.
• Official language: Mongolian
• GDP: $43,174 billion
MONGOLIA
• Population: 3,238,479• 3.7 percent of the total population are under
35 years of age. Specifically, 30.9 percentor 1,002,052 of the total population arechildren aged 0-14 years, 62.4 percent or2,020,696 people aged 15-59 and 6.7 percentor 215,731 are seniors aged 60 and older.
CONTENT
- Legal framework
- Methodology and classification
- Statistics data of agriculture sector
- Agricultural software
- Integrating gender-related questions in Mongolia’s Livestock census
- Data dissemination
1. LEGAL FRAMEWORK
Mongolian law on Statistics
- Livestock and domestic animal census
- Fence, well and fodder census
- Agriculture census
- Indicators of official statistics, estimation
National Program on Developing Official Statistics
Next
2021
1966 2019
2. METHODOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION
Current methodology used in Agriculture sector
- Methodologies to estimate statistics indicators of Agriculture sector
- Methodologies to estimate the indicators of Food security and supply
- Methodologies to estimate GDP and GNI
- Principles and guidelines of Agriculture census and Livestock census
Current classification used in Agriculture sector
- International standard industrial classification for all economic activities Rev.4.0
- The Central Product Classification (CPC-2.0)
- Administrative unit code
3. STATISTICS DATA OF AGRICULTURE SECTOR
AGRICULTURE STATISTICS
Official statistics
Livestock Census
Monthly Report
Others
Administration statistics
Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Light
industryOthers
4. FREQUENCY OF AGRICULTURE STATISTICS
Censuses Frequency Indicators
I. Agriculture censusEvery 10
year752
by-census Every 5 year 209
2. Livestock and domestic animal
censusAnnual 31
Half-year livestock census Annual
3. Fence, well and fodder census Every 3 year
5. ABOUT LIVESTOCK CENSUS
• Frame:
✓ all aimags, capital, soums and district (at national level)
✓ with livestock:• Household /household with livestock, herder household/
• Enterprises and organization
• Census frequency:
✓ at the end of the year, once
• Duration:
✓ 10 days, during 7-17 December• Corresponds with production year of livestock
• Herders settles in their residence
• Livestock income and expenditure flows are stagnated
LIVESTOCK CENSUS – ABOUT AGRICULTURAL SOFTWARE
Since 2015
• Offline
• Only soum and district level
• Separate database• Online
• Soum, district, bag, khoroo,
household and enterprise level
• Integreted database• Using Microsoft Reporting
Service
Since 2014
Before 2014
LIVESTOCK CENSUS –ABOUT AGRICULTURAL SOFTWARE
Provincesmonitor
Bag
Data entry
Livestock census database
6 groups, 4 levels of about 100 reports
Internet Treasury Network
Internet
Herders banking services
Mongolian banksMOFAGRA
Maximum animals/ 5 types /
provinces, sub-provinces, bag
Internet Treasury Network
45.2 сая40.9 сая
20132012
52.0сая
2014 2018
56.0 сая
Livestock census online system
Integrating gender-related questions in Mongolia’s Livestock census
Form МТ 1
LIVESTOCK AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS, FENCES, WELLS 20. . . CENSUS
1. Aimag city name Code 4. Phone number
2. Soum, district name Code
3. Bag, khoroo name Code
1. Household Information 2. Information of enterprises
a.Main household information 16. Organization of enterprises name
5. .Household Registration number
6. Surname of Head of the household 17. Regitration number
7. Name of Head of the household 18. Activities of sector
8. Head of the household registration number
19. Herder number
9. Famile number 20. Enterprises type 21. Ownership type
10. Household type Herder household 1 → 11-р асуулга Хувь Код
Household with livestock 2 → III бүлэг
Other household 3 → VI бүлэг
11. Herder number Өрхийн орлогын талаар асуулт оруулах / Add question on household income
б. Information on households with livestock herded by other household*
12. Other animals on the household number
13. Surname of Head of the household 30
14. Name of Head of the household
15. Head of the household registration number 70
Other 80
11
........%
Lo
cal S
tate
overseas ........% 32
30
joint ventures ........% 31
12
13
21
joint ventures
Cooperative
22
overseas ........% 23
Priva
te
21
41
Non-government organizations
owned
joint ventures
overseas
ownedEnterprise with state owned
property
Нэр Код
20
40
11
Shareholding company
Нэр
60
10
Data confidentiality is protected by Mongolian Law on
Statistics and Law on Individual confidentiality.
household with
livestock is
numbered from 1
in herder
households Enterprise with local authority owned property
Public
Approved by № A/185 Order of National
Statistical Office in 23 November 2017
I. Address
For household with livestock herded by other household, other households registration
number must be provided.
Limited lability company
Partnership with all liability
members
........%
Sta
te
owned
........%
Partnership with some liability
members
II. Herder information
№ Surname Name Sex Id number
Male 1
Female2 Main
Assistant
А 1 2
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Total
number of
children
living in
the
household
Ethnicity
(could be
proxied
by
language
spoken at
birth)
Age of
children
living in
the
household
Disability
status
(use one
of 5
categorie
s - WG
questions
)
Age at
first
marriage
ONLY FOR
HOUSEHOLD
MEMBERS AGED
15 AND ABOVE
Use codes
below
Herders'
Occupat
ion
3
Age
Marital
status
4 5 6 7
Pilot Survey
Form МТ 1
LIVESTOCK AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS, FENCES, WELLS 20. . . CENSUS
1. Aimag city name Code 4. Phone number
2. Soum, district name Code
3. Bag, khoroo name Code
1. Household Information 2. Information of enterprises
a.Main household information 16. Organization of enterprises name
5. .Household Registration number
6. Surname of Head of the household 17. Regitration number
7. Name of Head of the household 18. Activities of sector
8. Head of the household registration number
19. Herder number
9. Famile number 20. Enterprises type 21. Ownership type
10. Household type Herder household 1 → 11-р асуулга Хувь Код
Household with livestock 2 → III бүлэг
Other household 3 → VI бүлэг
11. Herder number Өрхийн орлогын талаар асуулт оруулах / Add question on household income
б. Information on households with livestock herded by other household*
12. Other animals on the household number
13. Surname of Head of the household 30
14. Name of Head of the household
15. Head of the household registration number 70
Other 80
11
........%
Lo
cal S
tate
overseas ........% 32
30
joint ventures ........% 31
12
13
21
joint ventures
Cooperative
22
overseas ........% 23
Priva
te
21
41
Non-government organizations
owned
joint ventures
overseas
ownedEnterprise with state owned
property
Нэр Код
20
40
11
Shareholding company
Нэр
60
10
Data confidentiality is protected by Mongolian Law on
Statistics and Law on Individual confidentiality.
household with
livestock is
numbered from 1
in herder
households Enterprise with local authority owned property
Public
Approved by № A/185 Order of National
Statistical Office in 23 November 2017
I. Address
For household with livestock herded by other household, other households registration
number must be provided.
Limited lability company
Partnership with all liability
members
........%
Sta
te
owned
........%
Partnership with some liability
members
Education level?Age at first
delivery
Use of mobile phone
Use of internet
Having loan or
not?
Total number of
animals owned by
person
Land ownership
under person's
name
House/ger ownership
under person's
name
Car/other mean of
transportation owned by
person (name on property
title)
Average daily time
spent taking care of
children this month
Average daily time
spent taking care of gerthis month
(e.g. cleaning, repairs)
Average daily time spent on
agricultural activities
this month
Average daily time
spent taking care of
animals this month
(including taking them
out and back in,
attending births, giving water,
milking, cleaning, combing, shaving,
giving food, other)
Average daily time spent on animal milking
Average daily time spent on
preparation of animal products
this month (including processing
of dairy products)
Are you in charge of
processing animal
products, including
dairy (yes, alone / yes,
with husband / yes, with children/ yes, with husband
and children/
no, husband alone / no,
children alone/ no, someone
else)
Yes 1 Yes 1 Yes 1
No 2 No 2 No 2
(name appears on
title)
Use codes below
yes/no yes/no
yes/no
8 9 10 11
P24 P25P19 P20 P21 P22 P23P17 P18
Average
daily
number of
hours
spent on
paid
employme
nt
(besides
herding),
including
own
account
business
Usually in
charge of
making
decisions
regarding
children's
participati
on in
herding
(yes,
alone /
yes, with
husband /
no,
husband
alone /
no,
someone
else)
Usually in
charge of
making
decisions
regarding
own
healthcare
(yes,
alone /
yes, with
husband /
no,
husband
alone /
no,
someone
else)
Usually in
charge of
making
decisions
regarding
large
purchases
(yes,
alone /
yes, with
husband /
no,
husband
alone /
no,
someone
else)
Usually in
charge of
making
decisions
regarding
daily
household
expenditur
es (yes,
alone /
yes, with
husband /
no,
husband
alone /
no,
someone
else)
Has
another
job/source
of income
besides
herding-
related?
(yes/no)
Average
daily time
spent on
fodder/fire
wood/spic
e
collection
Do you
usually
perform
any of
these
activities
simultaneo
usly? If
yes, select
which
ones
(Taking
animals
in/out,
milking,
shaving,
processing
animal
products,
cleaning
animals
and
stables,
caring for
children,
cooking,
collecting
water,
collecting
fodder or
wood)
Usually in
charge of
making
decisions
regarding
hearding
managem
ent,
including
managing
size and
species of
herd,
rotation
and
removals,
herding
times and
locations
(yes,
alone /
yes, with
husband /
no,
husband
alone /
no,
someone
else)
Usually in
charge of
making
decisions
regarding
purchases
and sales
of animals
(yes,
alone /
yes, with
husband /
no,
husband
alone /
no,
someone
else)
Usually in
charge of
making
decisions
regarding
animal's
health and
veterinary
visits (yes,
alone /
yes, with
husband /
no,
husband
alone /
no,
someone
else)
Average
daily time
spent on
animal
product
sales
Are you
usually in
charge of
animal
product
sales?
(yes,
alone /
yes, with
husband /
no,
husband
alone /
no,
someone
else)
Are you
usally in
charge of
administeri
ng money
from
animal
product
sales?
(yes,
alone /
yes, with
husband /
no,
husband
alone /
no,
someone
else)
Usually in
charge of
collecting
water
(yes,
alone /
yes, with
husband /
yes, with
children/
no,
husband
alone /
no,
daughter
alone/ no,
son alone
/ no,
someone
else)
Average
daily time
spent on
water
collection
this month
Average
daily time
spent on
animal
shelter
care
(including
constructio
n, repair,
cleaning)
13
Member of
cooperatives,
partnerships,
groups and groups
Social
insurance and
health
insurance
coverage
He
alth
in
su
ran
ce
(Ye
s 1
, N
o 2
)
So
cia
l in
su
ran
ce
(Y
es 1
, N
o 2
)
Co
op
era
tive
s (
Ye
s 1
, N
o 2
)
Pa
rtn
ers
hip
s (
Ye
s 1
, N
o 2
)
Gro
up
s (
Ye
s 1
, N
o 2
)
Oth
ers
(Y
es 1
, N
o 2
)
12
1 Ethnicity (could be proxied by language spoken at birth)
Household
Database
2 Total number of children living in the household
3 Age of children living in the household
4 Disability status (use one of 5 categories - WG questions)
5 Age at first marriageMICS/SISS
6 Age at first delivery
7 Total number of animals owned by person
Ownership8 Land ownership under person's name
9 House/ger ownership under person's name
10 Car/other mean of transportation owned by person (name on property title)
HOUSEHOLD
DATABASE
11 Average daily time spent taking care of children this month
Time-Use Survey
12 Average daily time spent taking care of ger this month (e.g. cleaning, repairs)
13 Average daily time spent on agricultural activities this month
14Average daily time spent taking care of animals this month (including taking them out and back
in, attending births, giving water, milking, cleaning, combing, shaving, giving food, other)
15 Average daily time spent on animal milking
16Average daily time spent on preparation of animal products this month (including processing of
dairy products)
17
Are you in charge of processing animal products, including dairy (yes, alone / yes, with husband
/ yes, with children/ yes, with husband and children/ no, husband alone / no, children alone/ no,
someone else)
LFS
18 Average daily time spent on animal shelter care (including construction, repair, cleaning)Time-Use Survey
19 Average daily time spent on animal product sales
20Are you usually in charge of animal product sales? (yes, alone / yes, with husband / no,
husband alone / no, someone else)Ownership
21Are you usally in charge of administering money from animal product sales? (yes, alone / yes,
with husband / no, husband alone / no, someone else)
22Usually in charge of collecting water (yes, alone / yes, with husband / yes, with children/ no,
husband alone / no, daughter alone/ no, son alone / no, someone else) Time-Use Survey
MICS23 Average daily time spent on water collection this month
24 Average daily time spent on fodder/firewood/spice collection
25
Do you usually perform any of these activities simultaneously? If yes, select which ones (Taking
animals in/out, milking, shaving, processing animal products, cleaning animals and stables,
caring for children, cooking, collecting water, collecting fodder or wood)
26
Usually in charge of making decisions regarding hearding management, including
managing size and species of herd, rotation and removals, herding times and
locations (yes, alone / yes, with husband / no, husband alone / no, someone else)
Ownership
27Usually in charge of making decisions regarding purchases and sales of animals
(yes, alone / yes, with husband / no, husband alone / no, someone else)
28Usually in charge of making decisions regarding animal's health and veterinary visits
(yes, alone / yes, with husband / no, husband alone / no, someone else)
29Usually in charge of making decisions regarding children's participation in herding
(yes, alone / yes, with husband / no, husband alone / no, someone else)
30Usually in charge of making decisions regarding own healthcare (yes, alone / yes,
with husband / no, husband alone / no, someone else)
31Usually in charge of making decisions regarding large purchases (yes, alone / yes,
with husband / no, husband alone / no, someone else)
32Usually in charge of making decisions regarding daily household expenditures (yes,
alone / yes, with husband / no, husband alone / no, someone else)
33 Has another job/source of income besides herding-related? (yes/no) LFS
HOUSEHOLD
DATABASE
Database of General Authority
for State Registration
Welfare databaseLand Database
• State
Administrative
Bodies
- Research
Organizations
- Other users
- Dissemination
Website, Year
book, CD,
Infographics
STATE INTEGRATED
DATABASE
Health database
ADDRESS DATABASE
Civil
Information
Database
Legal entity
database Property
Information
Database
ID
REGISTRATION
NUMBER
Family name
Surname
Given nameEmployment
Social insurance
database
Education
Health
database
Address
Information
Database
Address
information Health
Household
DatabaseCivil Information
Database
Welfare
Household
point Social
Insurance
HOUSEHOLD
NUMBER
ID REGISTRATION NUMBERHOUSEHOLD NUMBER
CONNECTING DATABASES WITH KEY
INDICATORS
Database
ID
REGISTRATION
NUMBER
Family name
Surname
Given name
Social
InsuranceDatabase
1. Aimag city name Code
2. Soum, district name Code
3. Bag, khoroo name Code
HOUSEHOLD
DATABASELIVESTOCK AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS, FENCES, WELLS 20. . . CENSUS
1. Household Information
a.Main household information
5. .Household Registration number
6. Surname of Head of the household
ID REGISTRATION
NUMBER
Family name
Surname
Given name
II. Herder information
№ Surname Name Sex Id number
Male 1
Female2
А 1 2
01
43
Household Registration number
MICS/SIS
Ownership
Time-Use Survey
Labor Force Survey
Household
Income and
Expenditure
Survey
Every year
Every year
Every five year
Every five year
Next 2021
Pilot Survey – 2019/2020
• Incorporation of household id number into the livestock census enabled further use of the geospatial statistical database.
HOUSEHOLD DATABASE - HD
25
LIVESTOCK CENSUS DISSEMINATION
- You can access to statistical
integrated database
www.1212.mn website and open
data.
- Latest trends in the agricultural
sector especially livestock
production, main raw materials for
manufacturing, amount of exports
and imports, number of herder
households, quality of veterinary
service, number of wells and
water points, size of harvested
yield and cropland are
summarized in Annual report of
Agricultural Sector.
Data dissemination
Data dissemination
98.6 98.5
98.1 98.1
98.5 98.5 98.5 98.5
95.2 95.1
95.4
95.7
94.6
94.394.5
94.8
95.9
96.7 96.7 96.7 96.7
92.0
93.0
94.0
95.0
96.0
97.0
98.0
99.0
0.
200,000.
400,000.
600,000.
800,000.
1,000,000.
1,200,000.
1,400,000.
1,600,000.
1,800,000.
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Male Female Sex ratio
Sex ratio of the population(X males in 100 females)
Labour force
24.6% of all women are working in agriculture, forestry, fishery
and hunting sector.
Source: Labour force survey, 2018
Labour force
SHARE OF HERDER IN AGE GROUPS, 2018, by percentage and sex
9.8
23.5
29.1
21.2
11.2
5.2
11.6
23.9
28.4
20.8
10.7
4.6
7.3
22.9
30.1
21.7
11.9
6.1
15-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55-64
65 and over
Male herder
Total
Female herder
Monthly average monetary
income per household
Monthly average monetary
expenditure per household
2017 2018 2017 2018
Head of the household, by sex
Male948,543
1,159,5921,006,718
1,229,229
Female693,625
844,924 724,492
873,924
Male FemalePoverty headcount 28.5 28.4
Poverty gap 7.1 7.2
Poverty severity 2.6 2.7
Poverty main indicators, by sex, 2018
Monthly average monetary income and monetary expenditure per household, by sex
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
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