Integrated Coastal Zone ManagementUnit 2: Coastal Vulnerability
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IntroductionUnit content1. Identifying human impacts on the coast2. Exploring coastal vulnerability3. Relating human impacts to coastal vulnerability
Learning outcomesUpon completion of this unit, students will be able to 4. Appreciate the range of human activities and their coastal impacts5. Recognise the importance of magnitude and scale on coastal impacts6. Understand the concept of coastal vulnerability7. Understand how coastal activities affect coastal vulnerability
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Human activities & impacts
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Human activities & impacts
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Direct and indirect impacts
Example: agriculture
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Direct and indirect impacts
AgricultureDirect impacts: eutrophication, pollution, salinisationIndirect impacts: biodiversity loss, erosion, subsidence
UrbanisationDirect impacts: eutrophication, pollution, habitat loss, turbidity,
sediment movementIndirect impacts: biodiversity loss, erosion
Climate changeDirect impacts: sea level rise, temperature rise, flooding, erosion, acidificationIndirect impacts: biodiversity loss, altered species abundance
Conclusion: loss of biodiversity is indirectly associated with all human activities
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Coastal vulnerability
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Coastal sensitivitySensitivity: probability of human impact affecting the environment (for example, biodiversity loss)
What aspects of the following ecosystems make them more or less sensitive to human impacts?1) Coral reefs2) Seagrass meadows3) Mangroves
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Managing threats
What are localised threats to coral reefs?
Fishing
Agriculture
Forestry
Building development
Industrial activity
Tourism
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Managing threats
What are localised threats to coral reefs?
Fishing
Agriculture
Forestry
Building development
Industrial activity
Tourism
Increased regulation
Increased enforcement
Subsidising alternative activities
Promoting environmental awareness
What are appropriate management options?
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Managing threats
What are localised threats to coral reefs?
Fishing
Agriculture
Forestry
Building development
Industrial activity
Tourism
Increased regulation
Increased enforcement
Subsidising alternative activities
Promoting environmental awareness
What are appropriate management options?
Choice of management options = coastal management plan
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