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TEMPERATURE MEASURING SYSTEM
IN LAVATORY OF BOEING 737 AIRCRAFT
Prepared for
PROF IR DR WAN KHAIRUDDIN WAN ALI
SMF 3242 AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
SEMESTER 1, SESSION 2011/2012
Prepared by
3-SMT
CHAI CHANG WEI AM090031
LEONG WEI LOCK AM090083
MUHAMMAD FAIZ BIN ZAKARIA AM090306
NORHIDAYAH BT MAT SANGITI AM090212
ZIAD BIN ABDUL AWAL AM090331
MOHD MUAZ BIN ROSLAN AM090146
DECEMBER 23, 2011
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Content Page
Table of Contents i
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Title 1
1.2 Background 1
1.3 Objectives 1
1.4 Problem Statement 1
2.0 SELECTION OF 15 LOCATIONS FOR TEMPERATURE SENSORS 2
3.0 INTRODUCTION OF DATA ACQUISITION 4
4.0 SELECTION OF THERMAL TRANSDUCER 5
4.1 2 Wire Space Air Thermistor Temperature 5
4.2 Thermistor Extension Wire 7
5.0 SIGNAL CONDITIONING SYSTEM 8
5.1 Terminal Block 8
5.2 Module 10
5.3 Chassis 12
5.4 Shielded Cable Assemblies 13
6.0 DAQ HARDWARE 16
7.0 DAQ SOFTWARE 18
7.1 Programming algorithm
7.2 Software Flow Chart 19
8.0 WIRING
20
9.0 COST CALCULATION 22
10.0 CONCLUSION 22
APPENDIX 23
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Title
Design of temperature measuring system in lavatory of Boeing 737 aircraft.
1.2 Background
An aircraft lavatory is an onboard bathroom with a toilet and sink. The first toilets in airplanes
were simple buckets. Information on early flushing systems is not available, however aircraft's
cabins were not pressurized and it was easy to open doors and windows.
The classical type lavatory is mainly seen in aircraft manufactured before the mid 80's and offers
passengers a reasonable comfort and flush plentifully. Applying a layer of toilet paper on the
stainless steel bowl, before use, guaranty a good wash with a single flush. The conventional,
none confusing, flush handle is used correctly by all passengers.
Nowadays, in order to provide an extra comfort for the passengers during onboard, a conditioned
air is introduced in the cabin washroom. Some temperature measuring system that is contact
sensor has to be put in the lavatory so that the user feels comfortable. Contact temperature
sensors measure their own temperature. One infers the temperature of the object to which the
sensor is in contact by assuming or knowing that the two are in thermal equilibrium, that is, there
is no heat flow between them.
1.3 Objectives
1. To provide an extra comfort for the passengers.2. To design temperature measuring system.3. To measure temperature at 15 locations in the cabin washroom by using off-the-shelf
components.
1.4 Problem Statement
Regulation of air temperature in the washroom is imperative to provide thermal comfort for
passengers, particularly at facial region as cheek tissues are sensitive towards temperature
changes. In this project, we will locate 15 appropriate spots in the lavatory of Boeing 737 aircraft
to install temperature sensors. Furthermore, the research team will design a PC-based data
acquisition system, consisting of signal conditioning, data acquisition hardware and software, to
analyze air temperature within the washroom.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathroomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathroom8/2/2019 Instrumentation Project 2011..Temperature Measuring System
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2.0 SELECTION OF 15 LOCATIONS FOR TEMPERATURE SENSORS
Human cheek is able to detect deviations of temperature up to 0.5 degree Celsius per second and
is usually exposed. Due to its high sensitivity, humans thermal comfort mainly depends on
cheek comfort, in an air conditioned room. Hence, air temperature monitoring system in aircraft
lavatory generally focuses on human cheek surface temperature.
A passenger walks in the lavatory and carries out personal activities such as urinating (male),
shaving, applying make-up, brushing teeth and etc. in standing position. In order to monitor air
temperature at the cheek regions while the passenger is standing, 3 sensors are installed in the
front, left and right walls respectively at an average height of 1.70m for male and 1.58m for
female.
In the case where the passenger uses the toilet bowl in sitting position, the air temperature at
facial region is monitored by installing sensors in the left and right walls at an average height of1.22m for male and 1.10m for female. Sensor will not be installed in the front wall at this
position as the back of the head is usually covered with hair, thus causing the sensitivity of the
scalp towards small temperature changes becomes insignificant.
Other than facial region, other exposed body parts
such as limbs and neck also contribute in thermal
comfort. Here, we consider only at sitting position.
Thus, a sensor is placed behind the neck area at
height of 1.17m for male and 1.05m for female. To
detect air temperature changes at hands, 2 sensorsare located at the left and right wall at height of
0.45m, assuming that the passengers hands will be
resting on his/her lap. Lastly, a single monitoring
point is installed at the calf level to detect changes in
air temperature at the surrounding of legs.
Figure 1 3D view of lavatory in B737
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Figure 2 Locations of 15 Temperature Sensors
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3.0 INTRODUCTION OF DATA ACQUISITION
Data acquisition (DAQ) is the process of measuring an electrical or physical phenomenon such
as voltage, current, temperature, pressure, or sound with a computer. A DAQ system consists of
sensors, DAQ measurement hardware, and a computer with programmable software. Compared
to traditional measurement systems, PC-based DAQ systems exploit the processing power,
productivity, display, and connectivity capabilities of industry-standard computers providing a
more powerful, flexible, and cost-effective measurement solution.
DAQ Devices
DAQ hardware acts as the interface between a computer and signals from the outside world. It
primarily functions as a device that digitizes incoming analog signals so that a computer can
interpret them. The three key components of a DAQ device used for measuring a signal are the
signal conditioning circuitry, analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and computer bus. Many DAQ
devices include other functions for automating measurement systems and processes. Forexample, digital-to-analog converters (DACs) output analog signals, digital I/O lines input and
output digital signals, and counter/timers count and generate digital pulses.
Figure 3 Components in DAQ system
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4.0 SELECTION OF THERMAL TRANSDUCER
A sensor (also called detector) is a device that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a
signal which can be read by an observer or by an instrument. A sensor's sensitivity indicates how
much the sensor's output changes when the measured quantity changes. Among many sensors,
thermal sensor is one of them. A temperature or thermal sensor is a type of sensor which is used
to measure temperature. There are various types of thermal sensors such as thermistor,
thermocouple, thermometer, RTDs etc. We have chosen thermistor for our project.
A thermistor is a type ofresistor whose resistance varies significantly with temperature, more so
than in standard resistors. A thermistor is a piece of semiconductor made from metal oxides,
pressed into a small bead, disk, wafer, or other shape, sintered at high temperatures, and finally
coated with epoxy or glass. The resulting device exhibits an electrical resistance that varies with
temperature. There are two types of thermistorsnegative temperature coefficient (NTC)
thermistors, whose resistance decreases with increasing temperature, and positive temperature
coefficient (PTC) thermistors, whose resistance increases with increasing temperature
Advantages of thermistor:
1. extremely high sensitivity2. fast response to temperature changes (small size of the thermistor bead)3. relatively inexpensive4. relatively high resistance
Disadvantages:
1. Highly nonlinear output and relatively limited operating range.2. Fragile
4.1 2 Wire Space Air Thermistor Temperature
Refer APPENDIX A for thermistors specification
Attributes:
Attribute Type Attribute Value
Type Temperature, Thermistor
Voltage 0 to 10V dc
Dimensions 85x85x23mm
RS Stock No. 813-806
Manufacturer RS
Manufacturers Part No. TT911/10K3A1
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperaturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperaturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistor8/2/2019 Instrumentation Project 2011..Temperature Measuring System
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Price
Quantity Unit Price
1 MYR59.40
12 MYR56.50
25 MYR54.20
Physical installation
RS stock no.813-806 Space air temp. Affix back plate to wall or back-box in a location
which excludes drafts and direct sunlight. Use terminal supplied for connecting to
sensor.
Electrical installation
1. Make electrical connections to sensor only after all other electrical installation and test has
been completed.
2. It is recommended that screened cable be used on all installation, with screens being earthed
at the controller. Signal cables should not be laid in close proximity to power cables or other
sources of interference.
3. Connections to the sensing element are non-polar.
4. Note: Thermistors exposed to excess voltage and/or current will usually fail closed
circuit. Units failing in this way will not be repaired or replaced under warranty.
Connecting the Thermistors:
The easiest way to connect a thermistor to a measurement device is with a two-wire connection
(Figure 3). With this method, the two wires that provide the thermistor with its excitation sourceare also used to measure the voltage across the sensor. Because thermistors have a high nominal
resistance, lead-wire resistance does not affect the accuracy of their measurements; thus, two-
wire measurements are adequate for thermistors, and two-wire thermistors are the most common.
Figure 4 Two-Wires Connection
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4.2 Thermistor Extension Wire:
(Nickel-Plated Copper Wire)
Color Code: 2 CuRd/Bk; 3 CuRd/Bk/Bk; 4 Cu-Rd/Rd/Bk/Bk
InsulationAWGNo.
ModelNumber
Price/1000'
# ofCon.
t.kg/300m(lb/1000')
Glass 20262626
EXGG-2CU-20EXGG-2CU-26SEXGG-3CU-26SEXGG-4CU-26S
$370280360420
2234
Solid7x347x347x34
GlassbraidGlassbraidGlassbraidGlassbraid
GlassbraidGlassbraidGlassbraidGlassbraid
482482482482
900900900900
1.5x2.4(0.060x0.095)1.5x1.3(0.060x0.052)1.5x1.6(0.060x0.064)1.5x1.7(0.060x0.066)
4(9)2(5)3(7)4(9)
NeoflonPFA
262626
EXTT-2CU-26SEXTT-3CU-26SEXTT-4CU-26S
480650700
234
7x347x347x34
PFAPFAPFA
PFAPFAPFA
260260260
500500500
1.1x1.7(0.042x0.068)1.8(0.072Dia.)2.1(0.082Dia.)
2(5)4(9)4(9)
Polyvinyl 2424
EXPP-2CU-24SEXPP-3CU-24S
390520
23
7x327x32 PolyvinylPolyvinyl PolyvinylPolyvinyl 105105 221221 2.1x3.4(0.082x0.134)4.22(0.166Dia.) 5(10)6(14)
Maximum temperature is for extension-grade wire or insulation, whichever is lower. Weight of spool and wire rounded to the next highest kg/lb Can be welded. Can also be red/gray.
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5.0 SIGNAL CONDITIONING SYSTEM
The use of thermistors for temperature measurement with a PC-based DAQ system requires
some signal conditioning as shown as above diagram. Signal conditioning is defined here as any
conditioning required to interface the thermistor and its output signal to a DAQ board or module.
Briefly, signal conditioning for thermistors should include the following functionality such as
excitation current or voltage source, signal amplification, lowpass filtering, isolation and
multiplexing. Components selected in this signal conditioning system:
1. Terminal Block: NI SCXI-13222. Module: NI SCXI-11223. Chassis: NI SCXI-10004. Cable assembly: SCXI-1349 Adapter and SH68-68-EP Cables
5.1 Terminal Block
Refer to APPENDIX B for the specification of this product
The NI SCXI-1322 front-mount terminal blocks feature direct connections to transducers at thescrew terminals located within a fully shielded enclosure or at front-mounted BNC connectors.
Strain-relief clamps hold the signal wires safely in place.
Features:
Terminal blocks for quick, easy connections
Strain-relief clamps for reliable wiring
Shielded front-mount terminal blocks
Rack and DIN-rail mount options available
Terminal block options for specific measurement types
Onboard temperature sensor for cold-junction compensation
High-voltage attenuation
Bridge offset nulling, shunt calibration
Product NI SCXI-1322
Part Number 777687-2
Manufacturer National Instruments
Description SCXI-1322 Temperature Sensor Terminal
Block
Price MYR 784.00
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Signal Connections
To connect the signal to the terminal block, perform the following steps, referring to Figures 5
and 6 as necessary:
1. Unscrew the top cover screws and remove the cover.2. Loosen the strain-relief screws and remove the strain-relief bar.3. Run the signal wires through the strain-relief opening.
4. Prepare your signal wire by stripping the insulation no more than7 mm.
5. Connect the wires to the screw terminals by inserting the stripped end of the wire fully
into the terminal. No bare wire should extend past the screw terminal.
6. Tighten the screws to a torque of 57 in.-lb.
7. Connect safety earth ground to the safety-ground solder lug.
8. Reinstall the strain-relief bar and tighten the strain-relief screws.
9. Reinstall the top cover and tighten the top cover screws.
10. Connect the terminal block to the module front connector.
Figure 5 SCXI-1322 Parts Locator Diagram
Figure 6 SCXI-1322 Signal Connections
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To connect the terminal block to the SCXI module front connector, perform the following steps:
1. Connect the module front connector to its mating connector on the terminal block.
2. Tighten the top and bottom thumbscrews on the back of the terminal block.
5.2 Module
Refer to APPENDIX C for the specification of this product
The SCXI-1122 is well suited for thermistors. The SCXI-1121 is an isolated amplifier andmultiplexer module with four isolated input channels. Each of the four channels has an amplifier
with jumper-selectable gain (from 1 to 2,000) and a low pass filter (4 Hz or 10 kHz). The SCXI-
1121 also has four channels of isolated voltage or current excitation. The SCXI-1122 is
multiplexer input module that can be configured for 16 two-wire inputs or 8 four-wire thermistor
inputs. The inputs are multiplexed into one isolation amplifier, which is programmable for a gain
of 0.01 (for high voltages) to 2,000. The module includes one isolated voltage and one isolated
current source.
Figure 7 SCXI-1122 Parts Locator Diagram
Product NI SCXI-1122
Part Number 776572-22
Manufacturer National Instruments
Description SCXI-1122 16-Channel Isolated Transducer Multiplexer
Price MYR 5,545.00
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Figure 8 Front Signal Connector Figure 9 Rear Signal Connector
The descriptions for front and rear signal connection in Figure 8 and Figure 9 are shown in
APPENDIX F
Figure 10 SCXI-1122 Block Diagram
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Installation steps:
1. Turn off the computer that contains the DAQ board or disconnect it from your SCXI chassis.
2. Turn off the SCXI chassis. Do not insert the SCXI-1122 into a chassis that is turned on.
3. Insert the SCXI-1122 into the module guides. Gently guide the module into the back of the
slot until the connectors make good contact.
4. Turn on the SCXI chassis.
5. Turn on the computer or reconnect it to your chassis.
5.3 Chassis
Refer to APPENDIX D for the specification of this product
The NI SCXI-1000 is a 4-slot chassis available with a number of standard AC power options.
This chassis is ideal for single-chassis or low-channel-count applications. If your application
grows, you can daisy-chain two or more SCXI-1000 chassis. You can also use off-the-shelf true
sine wave DC-to-AC power inverters to power AC chassis with a DC power supply.
Features:
Shielded enclosures for SCXI modules Low-noise environment for signal conditioning Rugged, compact chassis Forced air cooling Optional USB data acquisition and control module Optional rack mounting 3 internal analog buses Timing circuitry for high-speed multiplexing NI-DAQmx driver software simplifies chassis configuration
Product NI SCXI-1000
Part Number 776570-06
Manufacturer National Instruments
Description SCXI-1000 4-Slot Chassis, United Kingdom,240 VAC
Price MYR 3,066.00
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Figure 11 SCXI-1000 Front View Diagram Figure 12 SCXI-1000 Rear View Diagram
Installation steps:
1. Power off the chassis.
2. Make sure the voltage selection tumbler in the power entry module is set for the line voltage
of the outlet.
3. Insert the female end of the power cord into the power entry module.
4. Insert the male end of the power cord into the wall outlet.
5. Install the modules into the chassis.
6. Install any front and rear filler panels.
7. Power on the chassis.
5.4 Shielded Cable Assemblies
Product SCXI-1349 Adapter
Part Number 182671-01
Manufacturer National Instruments
Description Bracket/Adapter Assembly, SCXI-1349
Price MYR 389.00
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Product SH68-68-EP Cables
Part Number 184749-02
Manufacturer National Instruments
Description SH68-68-EP, Shielded Cable, 2 m
Price MYR 440.00
Refer to APPENDIX E for specification of this product
NI SCXI cable assemblies connect a DAQ device to the SCXI system. They consist of high-
quality, low-noise cables, which guarantee reliable communication and signal integrity at up to
10 m. Therefore, you can locate your SCXI system closer to your sensors and transducers.
The SCXI-1349 connects any 68-pin E Series DAQ device, excluding 61XXE devices, to any
SCXI module, excluding SCXI switch modules.
The SCXI-1349 is a connector assembly with three connectors:
A 68-pin male connector on the front panel of the adapter A 50-pin male breakout connector on the printed-circuit board of the adapter
A 50-pin bracket-mounted female connector on the rear of the adapter
Figure 13 SCXI-1349 Adapter Connectors Figure 14 SCXI-1349 Cable Assembly
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Figure 16 Complete SCXI System
Installation steps:
1. Turn the power off and unplug the SCXI chassis.
2. Install the SCXI modules into the chassis
3. Within the SCXI chassis, identify the appropriate SCXI module to connect to the cable adapter.
4. Insert the 50-pin female connection on the rear of the SCXI-1349 into the 50-pin male
connector on the rear of the appropriate SCXI module.5. Connect either end of the 68-pin shielded cable to the SCXI-1349 adapter.
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6.0 DAQ HARDWARE
Refer to APPENDIX G for the specification of this product
NI Full-Featured E Series devices are the fastest and the most accurate multiplexed data
acquisition devices available. They are ideal for applications ranging from continuous high-
speed data logging to control applications to high voltage signal or sensor measurements when
used with NI signal conditioning. Synchronize the operations of multiple devices using the RTSI
bus or PXI trigger bus and easily integrate other hardware such as motion control and machine
vision to create an entire measurement and control system.
Highly Accurate Hardware Design
The DAQ NI6070E comes with those features and technology:
1. Temperature Drift Protection CircuitryDesigned with components that minimize theeffect of temperature changes on measurements to less than 0.0006% of reading per C.
2. Resolution-Improvement TechnologiesCarefully designed noise floor maximizesresolution.
3. Onboard Self-Calibration Precise voltage reference included for calibration andmeasurement accuracy. Self-calibration is completely software controlled, with no
potentiometers to adjust.
4. NI DAQ-STCTiming and control ASIC designed to provide more flexibility, lowerpower consumption, and a higher immunity to noise and jitter than off-the-shelf
counter/timer chips.
5. OnBoard Temperature SensorIncluded for monitoring the operating temperature of thedevice to ensure that it is operating within the specified range.
6. Analog and Digital TriggeringOnly full-featured E Series devices provide the ability toset a trigger based on the level of an analog signal, in addition to the ability to trigger
off an edge of a digital signal
7. NI MITE ASIC designed to optimize data transfer for multiple simultaneousoperations using bus mastering with three scatter- gather DMA channels for
maximum performance of concurrent I/O operations.
Product NI PXI 6070E card
Part Number 777305-01
Manufacturer National Instruments
Price MYR 11079.00
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Figure 17 Block Diagram of NI DAQ 6070E Figure 18 Signal Connection Terminal
Refer APPENDIX H for the descriptions of each terminal shown in Figure 18
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7.0 DAQ SOFTWARE
By using LabVIEW, we can quickly and easily acquire real-world signals, perform analysis to
ascertain meaningful data, and communicate or store results in a variety of ways
Feature of the software:
Easy-to-use graphical development environment Tight integration with a wide range of measurement hardware Rapid user interface development for displaying live data Extensive signal processing, analysis, and math functionality Multiple communication options (TCP/IP, UDP, serial, and more) Support for Windows XP/Vista/7 (32-bit) and Windows Vista/7 (64-bit)
7.1 Programming algorithm
Selecting the Signal
1. The DAQ assistant opens a new window.2. Expand Acquire Signal, then expand Analog Input.3. Click on the Voltage icon.
- Selecting the Sensor Channel4. The temperature sensor is connected to channel 0, so select ai0 from the DAQ Assistant.5. Sensor Setup
Maximum voltage Vmax (corresponds to 100C)
Minimum voltage Vmin (corresponds to 0C)
Number of samples: 10 Sample Rate: 10 Hz
6. Create Conversion EquationRight click on the block diagram. Functions >> Programming >> Numeric out
7. Display the graph of temperature versus time
Product Software NI LabVIEW full development system for windows
Part Number 776670-35
Price MYR 9204.00
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7.2 Software Flow Chart
Begin
Data Input
Accquire
Measurement
Celsius?
Display
Tem erature
Voltage-temperature
(Celsius) conversion
End
Voltage-temperature (Fahrenheit)
conversion
( ) []+32
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8.0 WIRING
Figure 19 Wiring of DAQ in B737-200
19m
DAQ
Com uter
Chasis
IEEE cable
Shielded cable
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For B737-200 aircraft, the two lavatories were 29 m apart. The DAQ system for monitoring both
washrooms is located at the back of the aircraft beside the rear lavatory. The chain of
components ranging from thermistors, terminal block, and module to chassis is condensed in
each lavatory. Then, the digitized signals from both lavatories are channelled to a computer
positioned beside the rear lavatory via grounded IEEE cable across the cabin. The signals are
then analysed in Labview and displayed in desired manner. The total length of wires required to
connect DAQ from both lavatories to the computer is approximately 20 meters.
The IEE cable detail is as following:
Features
Up to 800 Mbps full-duplex bidirectional high speed data transmission. Multiple shielding and insulation for maximum speed without data loss. Developed for Low Emissions and High Immunity (automotive applications). Thin, flexible cable type. OD: 4 mm (vs 7-8 mm of regular Firewire-800 cables). RoHS compliant. AWG: 23 Min. Bend Radius (Install): 1.5in (3.81 cm) Temperature: -30' - 75' C (-22' - 167' F) Operating voltage: 12V
Product FireWire-800 (IEEE 1394b) 'smart' cables
Manufacturer Unibrain
Price 534.47 MYR for 20 metres
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9.0 COST CALCULATION
No. Item Price (MYR) Quantity Total (MYR)
1 Thermistor 54.20 25 1652.00
59.40 5
2 Terminal Block SCXI 1322 784.00 4 3136.003 Module SCXI 1122 5545.00 4 22180.00
4 Chassis SCXI-1000 3066.00 2 6132.00
5 Shielded cable SH68-68-EP 389.00 2 778.00
6 SCXI 1349 Adapter 440.00 2 880.00
7 DAQ PXI 6070E 11079.00 2 22158.00
8 Labview Software 9204.00 1 9204.00
9 Wiring IEEE Cable (20m) - - 534.00
10 Nickel Plated Copper Wire (20m) - - 701.32
11 Labour Cost - - 33677.66
TOTAL 101032.98
The total of RM 101 032.98 is meant for the temperature monitoring system for two lavatories in
B737 aircraft.
10.0 CONCLUSION
Aircraft lavatorys temperature sensing system had been designed and several off-shelf products
had been chosen to fit into our design. Thermistor (813-806,RS) is chosen as our designs
transducer, terminal block(SCXI-1322, National Instruments) ,Module (NI SCXI-1122, National
Instruments) and chassis(NI SCXI-1000, National Instruments) are selected as data conditioning
device, while DAQ (NI PXI 6070 E, National instruments) act as a ADC device in the designed
system. Shielded cable (SH68-68-EP, National Instruments) and Adapter (182671-01, National
Instruments) are used to connect DAQ and chassis. Lastly, the connection between DAQs
output is done by using IEEE wire (FireWire-800 (IEEE 1394b) 'smart' cables, Unibrain). The
overall price of the whole system is estimated to be RM 101 032.98.
References:
Kirianaki, N.V., Yurish, S.Y., Shpak, N.O., & Deynega, V.P. (2002).Data Acquisition and Signal
Processing for Smart Sensors. England: John Wiley & Sons.
Austerlitz, H. (2003). DataAcquisition Techniques Using PCs (2nd
ed.). USA: Elsevier Science.
James, K. (2000). PC Interfacing and Data Acquisition. Oxford: Newnes.
Taylor, H.R. (1997).Data Acquisition for Sensor Systems. London: Chapman & Hall.
National Instruments. Retrieved on December 10, 2011 from http://malaysia.ni.com/
Potter, D.Measuring Temperature with ThermistorA Tutorial. Retrieved December 10, 2011 from
http://www.noise.physx.u-szeged.hu/DigitalMeasurements/Sensors/Thermistors.pdf
http://malaysia.ni.com/http://www.noise.physx.u-szeged.hu/DigitalMeasurements/Sensors/Thermistors.pdfhttp://www.noise.physx.u-szeged.hu/DigitalMeasurements/Sensors/Thermistors.pdfhttp://malaysia.ni.com/8/2/2019 Instrumentation Project 2011..Temperature Measuring System
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APPENDIX A
Specification of Thermistor
Sensors contain a negative temperature co-efficient (NTC), curve- matched thermistor. The temperature/resistance
characteristic is given below:
Technical specification
Thermistor accuracy : 0.5C in the range 0-70C
Self heating effect Recommended : 1.0C/mW Recommended
Power rating :
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APPENDIX B
Specification of Terminal Block SCXI-1322
All specifications are typical at 25 C unless otherwise specified.
Cold-junction sensor
Accuracy........................................ 0.65 from 15 to 35 C
0.85 from 0 to 15 C and 35 to 55 C
Repeatability ................................... 0.4 from 15 to 35 C
Output ............................................. 1.91 to 0.58 V from 0 to 55 C
Common-mode isolation
Terminal to terminal ....................... 250 Vrms
Terminal to earth............................. 480 Vrms
Approved at altitudes up to 2000 meters.
Environment
Operating temperature ............................0 to 50 C
Storage temperature ................................20 to 70 C
Relative humidity ...................................5% to 90% noncondensing
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APPENDIX C
Specifications of Module NI SCXI-1122
Input CharacteristicsNumber of channels 16 differential, 8 4-wire, software selectable
Input signal ranges
Input coupling DC
Max working voltage Each input should remain within 480 Vrms of(signal + common mode) ground, and within 250 Vrms of any other channel
Overvoltage protection 250 Vrms powered on, 250 V powered off
Protected terminals CH < 0..15>, IEX+, IEX-, VEX+, VEX-
Transfer CharacteristicsNonlinearity 0.01% FSR
Offset error
Gain 1 (6 mV + 1,240 mV/gain)
Gain < 1 (352 mV + 1,240 mV/gain)
Gain error
Gain 1 0.02% of reading
Gain < 1 0.10% of reading
Amplifier CharacteristicsInput impedance
Normal powered on 1 GW in parallel with 100 pF for gain >1,
1 MW in parallel with 100 pF for gain < 1
Powered off 100 kW
Overload 100 kW
Input bias current 80 pA
Module Gain Max Module Range
10 V
0.01 250 VDC or
Vrms
0.02 250 V
0.05 200 V
0.1 100 V
0.2 50 V
0.5 20 V
1 10 V
2 5 V
5 2 V10 1 V
20 500 mV
50 200 mV
100 100 mV
200 50 mV
500 20 mV
1,000 10 mV
2,000 5 mV
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CMRR
Output range 10 V
Output impedance 75 W
Dynamic CharacteristicsBandwidth (-3 dB) 4 Hz (-10 dB) or 4 kHz, software selectable
Settling time to full-scale step (all gains)
with 4 kHz filter enabled 10 ms
with 4 kHz filter enabled 1 s
System noise
Slew rate 0.10 V/ms
FiltersType 3-pole RC
Cutoff frequency (-3 dB) 4 Hz (-10 dB) or 4 kHz, software selectable
NMR (50 or 60 Hz) 60 dB at 4 Hz bandwidth
StabilityRecommended warm-up time 20 minutes
Offset temperature coefficient (0.2 + 150/gain) mV/C
Gain temperature coefficient 10 ppm/C for gain 1, 25 ppm/C for gain < 1
Excitation
Output CharacteristicsChannels 2 (1 voltage and 1 current)
Bridge type Quarter, half, or fullBridge completion Two 2.5 kW 0.02% ratio tolerance resistors
Voltage ModeLevel 3.333 V 0.04%
Current drive 225 mA
Drift 30 ppm/C
Current ModeLevel 1.0 mA 0.04%
Max load resistance 5 kW
Drift 40 ppm/C
PhysicalDimensions 3.0 by 17.3 by 20.3 cm (1.2 by 6.8 by 8.0 in.)
I/O connectors 50-pin male ribbon cable rear connector
48-pin male DIN C front I/O connectorEnvironmentOperating temperature 0 to 50 C
Storage temperature -20 to 70 C
Relative humidity 10% to 90%
Maximum altitude
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APPENDIX D
Specifications of ChasisSCXI-1000
These are typical at 25 C unless otherwise stated.
Electrical Characteristics
Supplies SCXI-1000
V+
Tolerance limits include peaks +18.5 to +25 V
Ripple (peak-to-peak) 1.5 V
Max load 680 mA
V-
Tolerance limits include peaks -18.5 to -25 V
Ripple (peak-to-peak) 1.5 V
Max load 680 mA
+5V
Tolerance limits include peaks +4.75 to +5.25 V
Ripple (peak-to-peak) 50 mV
Max load
Power dissipation ................................... 7 W per slot
Maximum loads are the supply current for the entire chassis. Scaling the maximum power gives the allotted current
per slot, as follows.
Supplies SCXI-1000
V+ 170 mA
V 170 mA
+5 V +5 V
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APPENDIX E
Specifications of Shielded Cable SH68-68-EP
Source Power Requirements
For Line Voltage of240 VAC, 10%, 4763 Hz, maximum AC current is 0.25 A.
Environmental
Operating temperature 0 to 50 C
Storage temperature 20 to 70 C
Humidity 10 to 90% RH, noncondensing
Maximum altitude 2,000 meters
Pollution Degree (indoor use only) 2
Analog Input
Maximum working voltage 30 Vrms, 42 Vpk, 60 VDC
(signal + common-mode)
Environmental
Operating temperature 0 to 50 C
Storage temperature 20 to 70 C
Relative humidity 10 to 90% noncondensing
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APPENDIX F
Descriptions of Front and Rear Signal Connections for Module NI SCXI 1122
Front Signal Connection Descriptions
Pin Signal Name Description
A1 TEMP- Temperature Sensor ReferenceThis pin is tied to the temperature sensor reference in the terminalblock and to the isolation amplifier negative input in the module.
A3 TEMP+ Temperature Sensor OutputThis pin connects the temperature sensor output to the amplifier input
selector.
A7 +5 V +5 VDC Isolated SourceThis pin, which powers the temperature sensor on the terminal block, has
0.5 mA of source not protected.
A11 VEX/2 Half Voltage Excitation OutputThis pin connects to the internal bridge completion network for
quarter-bridge and half-bridge measurements. Protected to 20 V maximum.
A13 VEX- Negative Voltage Excitation OutputThis pin is connected to the voltage excitation negative output.
A15 SENSE- Negative Voltage SenseThis pin must be tied to VEX- at the load for remote sensing. When using
the SCXI-1322 terminal block, this pin is connected to VEX/SENSE screw terminals.
A17 SENSE+ Positive Voltage SenseThis pin must be tied to VEX+ at the load for remote sensing. When using
the SCXI-1322 terminal block, this pin is connected to VEX/SENSE+ screw terminals. This pin is
notprotectedA19 VEX+ Positive Voltage Excitation OutputThis pin is connected to the voltage excitation positive output.
A21 IEX- Negative Current Excitation OutputThis pin is connected to the current excitation negative output.
A23 IEX+ Positive Current Excitation OutputThis pin is connected to the current excitation positive output.
A5, A9,
A25-A29
No ConnectDo notconnect any signal to these pins.
A31 RSVD ReservedThis pin is reserved. Do not connect any signal to this pin.
B32-B2 CH+(0:15) Positive Input ChannelThese pins are connected to the positive input channels 0 through 15
respectively.
C31-C1 CH-(0:15) Negative Input ChannelThese pins are connected to the negative input channels 0 through 15
respectively.
Rear Signal Connection DescriptionPin Signal Name Description
1, 2 AOGND Analog Output GroundThese pins are connected to theanalog reference when jumper W1 is in position
AB-R0.
3, 4 Analog Output Channels 0Connects to the DAQ boarddifferential analog input channels.
19 OUTREF Output ReferenceThis pin serves as the reference node forthe analog channels output in the
pseudodifferentialreference mode. It should be connected to the analog inputsense of the NRSE DAQ
board.
24, 33 DIGGND Digital GroundThese pins supply the reference for DAQboard digital signals and are tied to the module
digitalground.
25 SERDATIN Serial Data InThis signal taps into the SCXIbus MOSI line to send serial input data to a module or Slot
0.
26 SERDATOUT Serial Data OutThis signal taps into the SCXIbus MISOline to accept serial output data from a module.
27 DAQD*/A DAQ Board Data/Address LineThis signal taps into theSCXIbus D*/A line to indicate to the modulewhether theincoming serial stream is data or address information
29 SLOT0SEL* Slot 0 SelectThis signal taps into the SCXIbus INTR* line to indicate whether the information on
MOSI is being sentto a module or Slot 0.
36 SCANCLK Scan ClockThis indicates to the SCXI-1122 that a samplehas been taken by the DAQ board and causes
theSCXI-1122 to change channels.
37 SERCLK Serial ClockThis signal taps into the SCXIbus SPICLK line to clock the data on the MOSI and MISO
lines.
43, 46 RSVD Reserved.
All other pins are not connected.
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APPENDIX G
NI6070E Specifications
General
Product Name PCI-6070E
Product Family Multifunction Data Acquisition
Form Factor PCI
Part Number 777305-01
Operating System/Target Real-Time , Linux , Mac OS , Windows
LabVIEW RT Support Yes
DAQ Product Family E Series
RoHS Compliant No
Analog Input
Channels 16 , 8
Single-Ended Channels 16
Differential Channels 8
Resolution 12 bits
Sample Rate 1.25 MS/sMax Voltage 10 V
Maximum Voltage Range -10 V , 10 V
Maximum Voltage Range Accuracy 14.369 mV
Minimum Voltage Range -50 mV , 50 mV
Minimum Voltage Range Accuracy 0.091 mV
Number of Ranges 15
Simultaneous Sampling No
On-Board Memory 512 samples
Analog Output
Channels 2
Resolution 12 bits
Max Voltage 10 V
Maximum Voltage Range -10 V , 10 VMaximum Voltage Range Accuracy 8.127 mV
Minimum Voltage Range 0 V , 10 V
Minimum Voltage Range Accuracy 5.685 mV
Update Rate 1 MS/s
Current Drive Single 5 mA
Digital I/O
Bidirectional Channels 8
Input-Only Channels 0
Output-Only Channels 0
Number of Channels 0 , 8
Timing Software
Logic Levels TTL
Input Current Flow Sinking , Sourcing
Output Current Flow Sinking , Sourcing
Programmable Input Filters No
Supports Programmable Power-Up States? No
Current Drive Single 24 mA
Current Drive All 192 mA
Watchdog Timer No
Supports Handshaking I/O? No
Supports Pattern I/O? No
Maximum Input Range 0 V , 5 V
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Maximum Output Range 0 V , 5 V
Counter/Timers
Counters 2
Number of DMA Channels 1
Buffered Operations Yes
Debouncing/Glitch Removal No
GPS Synchronization No
Maximum Range 0 V , 5 V
Max Source Frequency 20 MHz
Pulse Generation Yes
Resolution 24 bits
Timebase Stability 100 ppm
Logic Levels TTL
Physical Specifications
Length 17.5 cm
Width 10.7 cm
I/O Connector 68-pin male 0.050 D-type
Timing/Triggering/Synchronization
Triggering Digital , Analog
Synchronization Bus (RTSI) Yes
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APPENDIX H
I/O Connector Signal Description of NI DAQ 6070E
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