M tMaster projectMaster projectMaster projectp j

Inese NaglaInese NaglaInese NaglagG fDTU BYG Technical University of DenmarkDTU BYG, Technical University of DenmarkVision S071217@student dtu dkVision S071217@student.dtu.dkVision

( )Low energy District Heating (DH) Th i f i tLow energy District Heating (DH) The main areas of improvementsThe main areas of improvementspBuilding energy simulations in IDA ICEBuilding energy simulations in IDA ICEBuilding energy simulations in IDA ICE

Metering systemMetering system

b h i i fl h h i d d i• High labor costs, increases with user complains

Human behavior influence on the heating demand ing , p

• Remote metering Human behavior influence on the heating demand in l b ildi

• Remote meteringlow energy buildings• New ways of control

B ildi 40% Efficient energy supplygy gNew ways of control

N t iff fi dBuildings use 40%  Efficient energy supplySustainability in the 43 7• New tariffs, fines, rewardsg

of the total energy +Sustainability in the  43.7

39 7of the total energy  +building sector 45 39.7

2User behaviorconsumption Energy conservationbuilding sector

4045

m2User behaviorconsumption Energy conservation 40

h/

35Wh• Huge influence on energy consumption

30kW

g gy p• More information advice 30 21.4 21.5d,

 

Li ht t ti• More information, advice

25and Light construction row • Motivating tariffs (max cooling of return water)

20ma

houseMotivating tariffs (max cooling of return water)G d t d i

1520

dem house• Good system design

15g d Heavy construction single 

10ng

y gfamily houseEnergy demand in the buildings

510

ati family houseEnergy demand in the buildings

5

Hea

h ld b d d h blLow energy buildings 0H• Should be reduced as much as possibleLow energy buildings 0p• Measurements of real consumption

gy gTypical simulation  Simulation with • Measurements of real consumption yp(Identical Be06) realistic human(Identical Be06) realistic human Number of connected consumers to the DH network

behaviourNumber of connected consumers to the DH network

• What is the limit when DH is still profitable?• What is the limit when DH is still profitable?

Wh l di t i t h ti i i i ? • Users as suppliersWhy low energy district heating is so promising? Users as suppliersI f i b b fi f DHWhy low energy district heating is so promising? • Information about benefits of DHy gy g p g

• New laws• New laws

Di t i t h ti t k i l ti i TERMISf h kUtili l ll il bl h t District heating network simulations in TERMISOptimization of the DH networkUtilizes locally available heat District heating network simulations in TERMISOptimization of the DH networky g• New types of pipes• waste incineration plants • New types of pipeswaste incineration plants 

h f h i d i l • Supply pipe with circulation• heat from the industrial processes Supply pipe with circulation D t li d i• Decentralized pumping

Renewable energy on large scaleRenewable energy on large scaleEnergy regulations

• solar energyEnergy regulations

• solar energyi d h ld i b h d?• geothermal energy • It is not mandatory to connect to DH – should it be changed?geothermal energy 

bi • From 2015 “Renewable Energy” factor of 0 8 for DH• biomass • From 2015  Renewable Energy  factor of 0.8 for DH• Introduction of energy labeling for heat exchangers and pipes

Lower energy (temperature) >> lower heat lossgy g g p p

I ti t iff b lLower energy (temperature) >> lower heat loss Twin pipes with very • Incentive tariffs by laws p p ysmall diameters for• Increased energy and CO2 tax small diameters for d d h t l

Increased energy  and  CO2 taxdecreased heat loss

E i l id tiEconomical considerations 

• Decreased construction costs (with flex‐pipes)• Decreased construction costs (with flex‐pipes)• Available credits of more than 25 years

BUTy

• Public institutions support individual usersBUT • Public institutions support individual users…BUT • ESCO financing for changing individual units…BUT ESCO financing for changing individual units

Case study – lowE l Case study low energy district heatingEnergy supply

A h ti i t i di t d t b l ienergy district heating gy pp y

As heating requirement is predicted to be very low in  network in Lystryp• Based on renewable energyHow to make DH systems

g q p ylow energy buildings the cost effectiveness of DH

et o yst yp• Based on renewable energyHow to make DH systems low energy buildings, the cost‐effectiveness of DH  • Best available local sources

competitive for areas with lowsystems is affected by high investment and • Several sources integrated in the common networkcompetitive for areas with low systems is affected by high investment and i l i i h i f

• Several sources integrated in the common networkpenergy buildings??operational costs, in comparison to the income from energy buildings??operational costs, in comparison to the income from 

th d li d h t Energy storagegy gthe delivered heat Energy storage

• Electricity storage and heat pumps• Electricity storage and heat pumps• Improvement of heat storageImprovement of heat storage

Thank you to workshop participants: Peter Weitzmann (COWI A/S) Peter Kaarup Olsen (COWI A/S) Jens Lunding (Hillerød Kommune) Haider Al-Ali (Hillerød Kommune) Jørgen Erik Christensen (DTU) Alessandro Dalla Rosa (DTU)Thank you to workshop participants: Peter Weitzmann (COWI A/S), Peter Kaarup Olsen (COWI A/S), Jens Lunding, (Hillerød Kommune), Haider Al-Ali (Hillerød Kommune), Jørgen Erik Christensen (DTU), Alessandro Dalla Rosa, (DTU)