Imperialism and Imperialism and Progressivism Progressivism
Unit 5
Becoming a World Becoming a World PowerPower
Chapter 14 Section 31872 - 1912
American Diplomacy in AsiaAmerican Diplomacy in Asia
The Open Door Policy◦China and Japan went to war over Korea ◦Japan easily won and Korea was granted its
independence◦Russia is concerned about Japan’s rising power◦Sphere of Influence – area where a foreign nation controlled economic development such as a railroad or mining
American Diplomacy in AsiaAmerican Diplomacy in Asia
Boxer Rebellion◦Secret Chinese societies organized◦The Society of Harmonious Fists (Boxers)
The group wanted to destroy both the foreign devils and their Christian converts
Killed more than 200 foreigners ◦A German ambassador to China was killed ◦This angered European countries and they sent troops
to China John Hay (Secretary of State) convinced the
participating powers to accept compensation from China
An American DiplomacyAn American Diplomacy
Open Door Policy◦All countries would be allowed to trade with China
◦All the nations agreed to accept the Open Door Policy
◦Is everybody happy with the open door policy?? Who is/not?
Roosevelt’s Diplomacy Roosevelt’s Diplomacy
1900 – McKinley was re-elected to the presidency but was shot in 1901
Theodore Roosevelt took over the presidency ◦42 years old – youngest president to ever take
office◦Big imperialistic person◦Accepted the idea of Anglo-Saxonism and the
need to spread this belief
Roosevelt’s DiplomacyRoosevelt’s Diplomacy
Balancing Power in East Asia◦Roosevelt supported the open door policy◦Japan and Russia had been fighting over land
so the United States steps in to help stop the arguments
◦During a peace conference Russia agreed to recognize Japan’s land and Japan had to agree not to take any more land
◦How do you think Japan feels about this agreement? About the US?
Roosevelt’s Diplomacy Roosevelt’s Diplomacy
The Panama Canal◦“Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick”
Spread our image and our power to the world◦Roosevelt wanted a canal that would allow the
Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean to meet◦But we have got one big problem. . .
Roosevelt’s DiplomacyRoosevelt’s Diplomacy
The Panama Canal◦The US and GB had agreed not to build a canal
without the other knowing about it◦Hay-Paunceforte Treaty – gave the United States exclusive rights to build a canal through Central America
◦Secretary of State – John Hay offered Columbia $10 million and a yearly rent of $250,000
◦Columbia refused the money
Roosevelt Diplomacy Roosevelt Diplomacy
The Panama Canal ◦Panama hates being ruled by the Columbians◦Roosevelt orders ten warships of the coast of
Panama ◦Panama’s citizens revolt against the Columbian
government ◦US Citizens protested because of the
underhandedness that took place
Roosevelt Diplomacy Roosevelt Diplomacy
The Roosevelt Corollary ◦Americans were becoming concerned about the
debts that Latin America owed to European banks
◦Roosevelt Corollary – the United States would intervene in Latin America affairs when necessary to maintain economic and political stability in the Western Hemisphere
Roosevelt Diplomacy Roosevelt Diplomacy
Dollar Diplomacy ◦William Taft became president after Roosevelt stepped down
◦Taft supported less of military force and more on helping industry
◦American businesses should increase their trade and profits then countries in Latin America would rise out of poverty and social disorder
Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in MexicoMexico
1912 – Woodrow Wilson is elected President
Wilson opposed imperialism The Mexican Revolution
◦Mexico had become increasingly industrialized ◦Most citizens remained poor and landless◦Victoriano Huerta took control of Mexico ◦Wilson did not like Huerta and Wilson believed
that with the United States’ help Huerta could be overthrown
Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Mexico Mexico
Wilson Sends Troop Into Mexico◦April 1914 American Sailors were arrested after
entering a restricted area◦Americans demanded an apology ◦Wilson asked for authority to use force to
remove Huerta and Congress granted it◦Anti-American riots broke out in Mexico ◦Pancho Villa and a group of guerillas burned the town of Columbus, New Mexico, and killed 16 Americans
Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Mexico Mexico
Pancho Villa◦After the attacks the United States sent 6,000
Troops under General John J. Pershing were ordered to capture Villa
◦The hunt dragged on and Wilson became more concerned about the war in Europe
◦Wilson recalled Pershing’s troops ◦Villa was never captured
Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Mexico Mexico
Wilson’s Mexican policy damaged US foreign relations
Wilson ended up following Roosevelt’s examples dealing with imperialism
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