DELIVERING WHAT REALLY MATTERS
Impact Maps andStory Maps
Christian Hassa - [email protected] - Twitter: @chrishassaSwiss Requirements Day Zurich, June 18th 2014
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Agile Requirements
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What makes user stories agile?
•Describe user needs or features•Unit of planning/prioritization
Help solving the right problem•Solution options•Mechanism to defer detail•Reminder for a conversation•Evolve over time:desired outcome specification
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People fear uncertainty:They rather make a decision now and
run the risk of being wrong,than continue in a state of
uncertainty.- Chris Matts (@papachrismatts)
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User Story life-cycleIdea
Need
Problem
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Impact Mapping
Story Mapping
Specification-By-Example
Why?Outcomes
SpecificationsHow?
AcceptanceCriteria
Epics
Deliverables
Impacts
earlier later
User Activities
User Stories
Examples
Goals
Agile Product Ownership
Code
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Project Success
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Our job is NOTto develop software,
our job is to change the world.- Jeff Patton
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As a Sales Manager
I want a …-report
to monitor inventory
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As a Sales Manager
I want a …-report
to monitor inventory
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As a Sales Manager
I want a …-report
to monitor inventory faster
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Impact Mapping
Story Mapping
Specification-By-Example
Why?Outcomes
SpecificationsHow?
AcceptanceCriteria
Epics
Deliverables
Impacts
earlier later
User Activities
User Stories
Examples
Goals
Agile Product Ownership
Code
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Impact Mapping
Why?Outcomes
SpecificationsHow?
AcceptanceCriteria
Epics
Deliverables
Impacts
earlier later
User Activities
User Stories
Examples
Goals
Achieving Impact
Code
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Impact Maps
Goal
Actors
Impacts
Deliverables
Increase peak sales
Mobile User
Buy more online
MobileWebsite
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Evaluate Options
Goal
Actors
Impacts
Deliverables
Increase peak sales
One-Clickpurchase
Mobile User Call Center
Buy more online
Buy without call center
Sell faster
Stopcross selling
Purchasewith SMS
MobileWebsite
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Hierarchical goals
Goal
Actors
Impacts
Deliverables
Increase turnover 3%
Increase block buster market share
Increase peak sales
One-Clickpurchase
Mobile User Call Center
Buy more online
Buy without call center
Sell faster
Stopcross selling
Purchasewith SMS
MobileWebsite
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Zone of influence
Zone of control
Influence vs. Control
Goal
Actors
Impacts
Deliverables
Increase turnover 3%
Increase block buster market share
Increase peak sales
One-Clickpurchase
Mobile User Call Center
Buy more online
Buy withoutcall center
Sell faster
Stopcross selling
Purchasewith SMS
MobileWebsite
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FasterFeedback
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Story Maps
• Target particular stakeholder impacts
• Slice and refine deliverables (releases)
• Support backlog management• Inject dependent
features• Overview and
collaboration• Release planning• Flexible scope Conceived by Jeff Patton in 2005
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Story Mapping
Why?Outcome
SpecificationHow?
AcceptanceCriteria
Epics
Deliverables
Impacts
Easier to define upfront Harder to define upfront
User Activities
User Stories
Examples
Goals
Optimizing and refining scope
Code
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Focus on impacts and user experience
Goal
Actors
Impacts
Deliverables
Increase block buster market share
Increase peak sales
One-Clickpurchase
Mobile User
Buy more online
MobileWebsite
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Sphere of control
Sphere of influence
Product Backlog:Sphere of control
User Journey: Sphere of influence
Structure
Discoverconcerts
Purchasetickets
Learnmore
Attendconcert
Upcomingticket sales
Additional artist info
Pay bycredit card
Pay byinvoice
Print paperticket
Validateticket using
NCF
Concert news
Likely order ofevents
Mobile users
Buy moreonline
Visit sitemore often
Blockbusterconcert info
One-clickpurchase
Deliverables
Impacts
User Activities
User Stories
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Structure
Hears aboutconcert
Tries to gettickets
Waits forconcert
Attendsconcert
Upcomingticket sales
Additional artist info
Pay bycredit card
Pay byinvoice
Print paperticket
Validateticket using
NCF
Concert news
Likely order ofevents
Mobile user
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Prioritize per user activity
Hears aboutconcert
Tries to gettickets
Waits forconcert
Attendsconcert
Upcomingticket sales
Additional artist info
Pay bycredit card
Pay byinvoice
Print paperticket
Validateticket using
NCF
Concert news
Pri
ori
ty
Likely order ofevents
Mobile user
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WalkingSkeleton
Prioritize slices
Upcomingticket sales
Additional artist info
Pay bycredit card
Pay byinvoice
Print paperticket
Validateticket using
NCF
Concert news
Pri
ori
ty
Manual workaround
Not supported
Hears aboutconcert
Tries to gettickets
Waits forconcert
Attendsconcert Likely order of
events
Mobile user
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Prioritize for deliverable
Visits sitemore often
Blockbusterconcert info
Hears aboutconcert
Tries to gettickets
Waits forconcert
Attendsconcert Likely order of
events
Upcomingticket sales
Additional artist info
Pay bycredit card
Pay byinvoice
Print paperticket
Validateticket using
NCF
Concert news
Mobile user
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Prioritize for deliverable
Visits sitemore often
Blockbusterconcert info
Hears aboutconcert
Tries to gettickets
Waits forconcert
Attendsconcert Likely order of
events
Upcomingticket sales
Additional artist info
Pay bycredit card
Pay byinvoice
Print paperticket
Validateticket using
NCF
Concert news
Mobile user
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Validate impact
Visits sitemore often
Blockbusterconcert info
Hears aboutconcert
Tries to gettickets
Waits forconcert
Attendsconcert Likely order of
events
Upcomingticket sales
Additional artist info
Pay bycredit card
Pay byinvoice
Print paperticket
Validateticket using
NCF
Concert news
Impact on userbehaviour?
Impact on business goal?
Mobile user
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Example
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Candidate VoterFund-
management
More candidates
run for election
More voters participate in
election
Less effort approving candidates
Online application
Candidates published
onlineOnline voting
Shared checklist
Otherfunds
Use systemfor theirelections
Customizable branding
Pension Fund
More candidatesHigher voter turnoutNo „silent“ elections
Broaderlegitimisedcommittee
Reduced external costsLess personnel effortAdditional revenue
Reduced costfor running
elections
Less effort counting
votes
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Nominate candidates
Story Map with initial backlog
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Provision and support
Vote and determine results
3 User Journeys
User Stories ofInitial Product Backlog
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Sprint 1
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Nominate candidates
Vote and determine results
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Sprint 2
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Nominate candidates
Vote and determine results
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Sprint 3
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Provision and support
Nominate candidates
Vote and determine results
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Dropped user stories
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Nominate candidates
Vote and determine results
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Added user stories
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Provision and support
Nominate candidates
Vote and determine results
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Sprint 4
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Provision and support
Nominate candidates
Vote and determine results
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Flexible scope
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36 34 39
38 32
2829
2521
20 23
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15 13 8
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Provision and support
Nominate candidates
Vote and determine results
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Candidate VoterFund-
management
More candidates
run for election
More voters participate in
election
Less effort approving candidates
Online application
Candidates published
onlineOnline voting
Shared checklist
Otherfunds
Use systemfor theirelections
Customizable branding
Pension Fund
More candidatesHigher voter turnoutNo „silent“ elections
Broaderlegitimisedcommittee
Reduced external costsLess personnel effortAdditional revenue
Reduced costfor running
elections
Less effort counting
votes
Candidates67 368
Staff14 4
Customers0
Project successful?
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Bonus Track:Practical
usage tips
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Tools
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Creation of Story Maps
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Trace from outputs to inputs
Outputs:• Approved list of candidates• Published profiles of candidates• Election result
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Transport and Conservation
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Product Design with Story Maps
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Visual collaboration
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Linking within ALM
Refinement forSprint planning
Link with Sprint Backlog(Tasks, Taskboard, Burndown)
Drill into Details(Specification-By-Example)
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Summary
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Visual collaboration
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Team
Levels of collaboration
StakeholdersProject Sponsor
Project Lead
ProductOwner Other groups
that deliver
Impact Mapsstrategic view
Story Mapstactical view
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Product Design with Story Maps
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Key takeawaysUser Stories != Specifications•Just options, might be even dropped•Refine only as certainty grows
Strategic planning with Impact Maps•Associate business assumptions with(IT) deliverables•Measure outcomes to validate assumptions
Tactical planning with Story Maps•Optimize deliverables to user needs•Measure impacts to tighten feedback loop
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Q & A
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CONTACT:
CHRISTIAN HASSA ([email protected], @CHRISHASSA)
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64 Christian Hassa: [email protected] - @chrishassa
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