HYDROCARBON MANAGEMENT
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OFSHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL
BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
HYDROCARBON MANAGEMENT
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OFSHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL
BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
2nd editionJune 2004
Published byENERGY INSTITUTE, LONDON
The Energy Institute is a professional membership body incorporated by Royal Charter 2003Registered charity number 1097899
The Energy Institute gratefully acknowledges the financial contributions towards the scientific andtechnical programme from the following companies:
Amerada Hess LtdBG GroupBHP Billiton LimitedBP Exploration Operating Co LtdBP Oil UK LtdChevronTexaco LtdConocoPhillips LtdConoco UK LtdENIEnterprise Oil plc
ExxonMobil International LtdKerr-McGee North Sea (UK) LtdKuwait Petroleum International LtdMurco Petroleum LtdShell UK Oil Products LimitedShell U.K. Exploration and Production LtdStatoil (U.K.) LimitedTalisman Energy (UK) LtdTotal E&P UK plcTotal UK Limited
Copyright © 2004 by the Energy Institute, London:The Energy Institute is a professional membership body incorporated by Royal Charter 2003.Registered charity number 1097899, EnglandAll rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced by any means, or transmitted or translated into a machine language without thewritten permission of the publisher.
The information contained in this publication is provided as guidance only and while every reasonable care has been takento ensure the accuracy of its contents, the Energy Institute cannot accept any responsibility for any action taken, or nottaken, on the basis of this information. The Energy Institute shall not be liable to any person for any loss or damage whichmay arise from the use of any of the information contained in any of its publications.
The above disclaimer is not intended to restrict or exclude liability for death or personal injury caused by own negligence.
ISBN 0 85293 422 XPublished by the Energy Institute
Further copies can be obtained from Portland Customer Services, Commerce Way, Whitehall Industrial Estate, Colchester CO2 8HP, UK. Tel: +44 (0) 1206 796 351email: [email protected]
v
CONTENTS
Page
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
1 Introduction and scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3 Glossary of terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4 Crude oil washing and heating guideline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.1 General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.2 High viscosity crude oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.3 Waxy paraffinic crude oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.4 Volatile crude oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.5 Ship type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.6 Cargo heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.7 Pre-chartering stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.8 Crude oil washing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.9 Venting vapours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.10 Instructions to ships’ masters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5 Key to crude oil data sheets (Annex D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.1 Crude oil type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.2 Assay date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.3 API gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.4 Reid vapour pressure (RVP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.5 Gas to C4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.6 Total wax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.7 Pour point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.8 Cloud point (calc) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.9 Kinematic viscosity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.10 Load, carriage and discharge temperatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.11 COW instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.12 Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
vi
Contents Cont... Page
5.13 Benzene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155.14 Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
6 Safety precautions when handling petroleum cargoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.2 Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.3 Mercaptans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.4 Benzene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
7 Calculation procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.1 Viscosity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.2 Cloud point (calc) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Annex A - IP Crude oil data submission form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23IP Crude oil data submission form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Annex B - Climatic charts of the world . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25General information and copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Figure B.1: Mean sea surface temperature - February . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Figure B.2: Mean sea surface temperature - August . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Figure B.3: Mean air temperature - February . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Figure B.4: Mean air temperature - August . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Annex C - Comments on the handling of some crude oils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31Experiences with crude oils considered difficult to handle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Annex D - Crude oil data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Crude oil data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33D.1 COW codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33D.2 Crude oil data sheets (landscape format) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
vii
FOREWORD
The EI Hydrocarbon Management Advisory Group is responsible for the production and maintenance of standardsand guides covering various aspects of static and dynamic measurement of petroleum. The HydrocarbonManagement Committee 4B (HMC 4B), deals with the measurement and loss of crude oil and oil products beingtransported within the marine environment, taking into consideration contractual constraints imposed by charterers,cargo owners, ship owners, and inherent vice of cargo.
HMC 4B is made up of experts from the oil industry, cargo surveyors, ship owners and representatives from marineterminals. It is a truly international committee with representatives from most Western European countries, theMiddle East, and North and South America and China. Equipment manufacturers and experts having specificknowledge of measurement techniques are often invited to present papers to the sub-committee.
The EI maintains liaison with parallel working groups of the American Petroleum Institute’s Committee onPetroleum Measurement, and other organizations concerned with quantitative measurement in other countries andin other industries.
The IP Hydrocarbon Management Guides are widely used by the petroleum industry and have received recognitionin many countries by consumers and the authorities. In order to promote their wide adoption internationally, it isthe policy to submit selected standards via the British Standards Institute to the International StandardsOrganisation’s technical committee TC- 28 Petroleum Products and Lubricants, as potential International Standards.
A full list of the IP Hydrocarbon Management Guides is available on request from the Energy Institute.
The IP Hydrocarbon Management Guides are recommended for general adoption but should be read and interpretedin conjunction with weights and measures, safety, customs and excise and other regulations in force in a particularcountry in which they are to be applied. Such regulatory requirements have precedence over corresponding clausesin the IP document except where the requirements of the latter are more rigorous, when its use is recommended.
Although it is believed that adoption of the recommendations of this code will assist the user, the Energy Institutecannot accept any responsibility, of whatsoever kind, for damage or alleged damage arising or otherwise occurringon vessels or in or about premises where this document has been applied.
The crude oil properties given in this document have been reproduced from data submitted to HMC 4B. At the timeof submission the organizations supplying the information considered it to be correct; however the Energy Instituteis not responsible for any inaccuracies or variations in the data which may subsequently become apparent.
viii
Users of these guidelines are invited to send comments, suggestions, or details of experience with this issue to:
Technical DepartmentHydrocarbon Management SectionEnergy Institute61 New Cavendish StreetLondonW1G 7AR
ix
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The following members of the Energy Institute Hydrocarbon Management Committee 4B have been associated withthe production of this edition of these Guidelines:
P Rooney Conoco (Chairman)G Delise SunocoL P Broberg ScanraffA Criscuolo ENIG Ferraro ERG PetroliG Defilippo Marathon AshlandM Drury BPJ Foxwell ShellU Dockerty ShellE Garsetti SarasP Harrison Consultant (Secretary)P Hebb IFIAA Hernandez RepsolA Kay IFIAJ L Kerdiles TotalS Lin Chinese Petroleum CorporationR Luckritz ExxonMobilP Monteverde ENIA Natoli SarasJ Noxon APIJ Osmundsen StatoilK Slagle ExxonMobilR Tolman Chevron TexacoJ Voeltz European Terminals (TAL)C Yamamoto Pemex
Editorial:J Phipps Consultant
Special Thanks:HMSO Figures reproduced in Annex B. Crown copyright is reproduced with the kind permission
of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.B Nicholls The Committee wishes to thank Mr B Nicholls in particular for his extensive contribution.
Company affiliations are those at the time the document was being prepared.
x
1
1
INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
MARPOL regulations regarding Crude Oil Washing(COW) were introduced into the shipping industry inthe late 1970s. The purpose of these regulations was toreduce the chances of marine pollution by reducing theneed for water washing ships’ tanks after discharge ofcargo. Notwithstanding anything written hereunder, thecurrent MARPOL regulations should be adhered to.
One of the older IMO resolutions regarding thespecifications for design, operation and control of crudeoil washing systems 'recognizes that furtherimprovement may be required in the specifications,taking into account the development of technology inthis field and in the light of experience gained'.
This publication has been compiled with the aim ofsharing the experiences of the oil companiesrepresented on committee HMC 4B with other branchesof the oil industry; and to provide guidance with regardto the carriage, heating and crude oil washing of thedifferent crude oils. Some of the companies on thecommittee also operate tanker fleets thus enabling thedata to be reviewed by the marine industry at large.
For this second edition to remain current there isprovision for users to send data and recommendationsto the EI on the form provided in Annex A. A table ofcrude oil properties can be found in Annex D. Thisannex is replicated on the HMC 4B website which canbe found on www.energyinst.org.uk. Neither set of datashould be used without consulting the remainingchapters in this publication.
The crude oils have been listed in alphabeticalorder. Against each crude is a set of characteristicsobtained from a number of different assays. Many ofthe characteristics are given as a range which reflectsthe differences found in the base data. No single valuein this guide should be considered as absolute. Thecarriage and discharge temperatures were generallyobtained from current oil company guidelines.However, where there has been no information theremay be a temperature, the choice of which has beenbased on experiences of crude oils with similarproperties. Further explanation is given in Section 5.
Safe handling of crude oil is paramount in theindustry. The committee has obtained some informationon both hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and benzene content.Again further explanation can be found in Section 5,with safety precautions highlighted in Section 6.
This document provides guidelines for the heatingand Crude Oil Washing (COW) of many crude oils inthe world that may be transported by sea.
As well as enhancing the current regulationsregarding reducing marine pollution, the document isalso designed to advise the reader on the grades ofcrude oil that may give rise to an increase in VolatileOrganic Compounds (VOC) emissions if excessivelyused for COW.
The document also highlights a number of crudeoils that are known to be potentially harmful due toconcentration of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and/orbenzene.
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
2
3
2
REFERENCES
The following Standards and papers have been used inthe preparation of this document:
Cloud point and crude oil washing, T.J. Gunner,October 1995, published by INTERTANKO.
Petroleum Measurement Tables, Volume XI/XII(ASTM D 1250-80).
Meteorology For Mariners, ISBN 0-11-400311-4,published by HMSO.
Note: Figures from this publication are reproducedin Annex B. Crown copyright is reproduced with thepermission of the Controller of Her Majesty’sStationery Office.
International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers andTerminals, 4th edition, ISBN 1-85609-081-7, publishedby Witherby.
The IP Standard methods for analysis and testing ofpetroleum and related products, and British Standard2000 Parts, latest edition, published by the EnergyInstitute.
ASTM Annual book of standards, Section 5, PetroleumProducts, Lubricants, and Fossil Fuels, latest edition,published by ASTM.
Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Oil,Annex 1 of MARPOL 73/78 including amendments,ISBN 92-801-1280-5, published by IMO.
Crude Oil Washing Systems, 4th (2000) edition, ISBN92-801-5094-4, published by IMO.
Revised Specifications for the Design, Operation andControl of Crude Oil Washing Systems, IMO resolutionA.446 (XI) as amended A.496 (XII), published by IMO.
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
4
5
3
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
For the purposes of these IP Guidelines, the terms usedshould be understood to have the following meanings:
asphaltenes: wax free material, insoluble in heptanebut soluble in hot benzene.
ballast: water taken on board when a vessel is empty orpartially loaded/discharged to increase draught so thatthe propeller is fully immersed, stability and trim aremaintained, and stresses minimised. Specific ballastterms are as follows:
departure ballast: ballast taken on board prior todeparture. If loaded into tanks that have previouslycontained cargo it may contain traces of oil and betermed dirty ballast.
clean ballast: ballast contained in cargo tanks thathave been COW’d and thoroughly water washed.It may be discharged to sea and meets MARPOLrequirements.
segregated ballast: ballast that is contained indedicated ballast tanks serviced by dedicatedballast pumps and lines with no permanentconnection to the cargo system.
heavy weather ballast: additional ballast loadedinto cargo tanks to enable the vessel to maintain asafe sea-going condition under extreme weatherconditions.
bottom wash: crude oil washing operations restrictedto the lower parts of the tank bulkheads, internal
structures and bottom of tanks. This can only be carriedout by vessels equipped with programmable tankwashing machines.
clingage: material which adheres to the surfaces of tankwalls and structures, both horizontal and vertical, withinempty and part empty tanks, other than bottom surfaces.
cloud point: for the purposes of this document, acalculated temperature ( C) as defined in Section 5.8.
crude oil: for the purposes of these guidelines crude oiltypes have been sub-divided into:
aromatic crude oil: see high viscosity crude oil.
high viscosity crude oil: a crude oil which due toits viscosity alone requires heating duringtransportation, COW or discharge. These types ofcrude oil generally have a high aromatic contentand may have the designation aromatic crude oil.
volatile crude oil: crude oil, having a highconcentration of components boiling belowambient temperature (Gas to C4), which results inexcessive gas evolution if used as a COW medium.
waxy paraffinic crude oil: a crude oil which, byfunction of its total wax content , requires heatingto prevent sludge deposition during transportationand discharge.
crude oil washing (COW): the use of a high-pressurestream of crude oil cargo to dislodge or dissolve
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
6
clingage and sediments from the bulkheads, bottom andinternal tank structures of a vessel during the dischargeoperation.
cutter stock: diluent material used for tank washing,acting as a solvent or viscosity reducer to enable betterrecovery of ROB. It may be heated.
full cycle washing: crude oil washing operation inwhich the complete cargo tank is washed.
gas to C4: an abbreviation for the percent mass ofhydrocarbon gases at normal temperature and pressurefrom C1 to C4 inclusive, present in crude oil.
inert gas (IG): a gas or gas mixture used to render thevapour space above the cargo non-flammable.
ISGOTT: International Safety Guide for Oil Tankersand Terminals.
IMO: International Maritime Organization.
ISO: International Organization for Standardization.
MARPOL: the Protocol of 1978 relating to theInternational Convention for the Prevention of Pollutionfrom Ships, 1973, amended 1992.
on board quantity (OBQ): sum of measured liquidvolume, including free water and measured non-liquidvolume but excluding any vapours, in cargo tanks priorto loading.
pour point: the lowest temperature ( C) at which an oilwill continue to flow when it is cooled under specifiedstandard conditions.
remaining on board (ROB): sum of measured liquidvolume, including free water, and measured non-liquidvolume but excluding vapours, in cargo tanks oncompletion of discharge.
reid vapour pressure (RVP): absolute pressureexerted by the gas produced by evaporation from theliquid, as measured by Reid apparatus under thespecific conditions of test temperature, vapour/liquidratio and air saturation.
segregated ballast tankers (SBTs): vessels havingsufficient dedicated ballast tanks to enable safe sea-going operations under normal weather conditions. Seealso heavy weather ballast.
slop tank(s): for the purposes of these guidelinestank(s) utilized as a reservoir for COW medium andreceipt of tank washings.
stripping: the removal of the final contents of a cargotank using equipment additional to the main cargopumps.
threshold limit value (TLV): the time-weightedaverage concentration of a substance to which workersmay be repeatedly exposed, for a normal 8-hourworkday or 40-hour workweek, day after day withoutadverse effect.
trim: The difference between the fore and aft draughtof the vessel. When the aft draught is greater than theforward draught, the vessel is said to be trimmed 'by thestern'. When the aft draught is less than the forwarddraught, the vessel is said to be trimmed 'by the head'.
true vapour pressure (TVP): the absolute pressureexerted by the gas produced by evaporation from aliquid, when the gas and liquid are in equilibrium at theprevailing temperature.
viscosity: a measurement of a fluid’s resistance to flowat a prescribed temperature. In this document the unit ofcentistoke (cSt) has been used which is equivalent tomm2/s.
volatile organic compounds (VOCs): a large family ofcarbon-containing compounds which are emitted orevaporate into the atmosphere and can take part inphotochemical reactions in the air.
wax: a mixture of long chain hydrocarbons thatcrystallize at different temperatures as the overall fluidtemperature falls.
wax/sediment = sludge: that element of the material ina ship’s cargo tank which is essentially not freeflowing. It consists of hydrocarbon waxes and maycontain water/oil emulsions and sediments.
7
4
CRUDE OIL WASHING ANDHEATING GUIDELINE
4.1 GENERAL INFORMATION
In the past there has been no guideline for COW orCargo Heating except for the general specificationsgiven in the MARPOL regulations and the COWmanuals supplied to each vessel. Over the past fewyears the number of different crude oils becomingavailable for carriage by sea has substantially increased.The quality of these crude oils can differ immensely.This has led to the industry questioning the presentregulations especially as other environmentalconsiderations such as air pollution must now beconsidered alongside marine pollution. Theconsequences of reducing oil losses to the environmentare firstly to maximise the quantity of cargo discharged,for which there is a financial reward, and secondly, abetter public perception of the oil industry. Presentthinking is that performing a full COW on all occasionsis not necessarily environmentally sound. For a largenumber of crude oils, minimising the amount of COWreduces cargo losses. However, COW methodologyshould be dependent on the appropriate crude oilcharacteristics, type of vessel, available equipment andprevious experience.
There are two distinct areas where a full COW maybe counter-productive: that of crude oils unsuitable forCOW due to their viscous or waxy nature leading tohigh ROB, and that where the crude oils are particularlyvolatile, the use of which would result in excessive gasevolution.
4.2 HIGH VISCOSITY CRUDE OILS
For these crude oils the problem is high viscosity notnecessarily sludge deposition, therefore these types ofcrude oil may have a lower carriage temperature thandischarge temperature. They usually have a higharomatic content and may be known as 'aromatic crudeoils'. A further complication arises with aromatic crudeoils in that when used to wash paraffinic crude oil orvice versa, chemical incompatibility can cause theprecipitation of asphaltenes from solution therebyincreasing sludge deposition.
4.3 WAXY PARAFFINIC CRUDE OILS
It is important for these crude oils to maintain, orincrease where appropriate, the oil temperature to therecommended level from the commencement of loadingto prevent sludge deposition. Generally, there will be nodifference between carriage and discharge temperature.Guidance on wax content is given in Section 5.6.
4.4 VOLATILE CRUDE OILS
These crude oils are not officially classed or listed inthe MARPOL regulations, but have a potentiallyserious impact on vessel safety and the environment ifused as a COW medium. Guidance on volatility isgiven in Section 5.5.
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
8
With volatile crude oils transported on COWtankers the COW operation can justifiably be reducedto a 'bottom wash only' or even 'zero' in appropriatecargo tanks, certainly in cargo tanks which will be usedonly for departure ballast.
Cargo tanks which will be used for clean ballast,required on arrival at the next port of loading, need tobe carefully considered since these must meet thecurrent MARPOL requirements. These requirementsonly give details for washing full cycles, the implicationbeing that 'bottom washing only' is not currentlyacceptable.
For SBTs, the only tanks requiring COW would bethose that may be required for heavy weather ballast.
Where the port for the next loading is known andthe procedure is to pump all ballast ashore, a 'bottomwash only' should be acceptable. Where clean arrivalballast for the next load port must be dischargedoverboard, a more cautious approach must be adoptedto reduce the risk of a marine pollution incident.
In all events the priority criteria are to ensure thatthe ship’s cargo tanks are washed to the standardrequired to minimise all pollution risks.
4.5 SHIP TYPE
4.5.1 COW tankers
A number of crude oil carriers trading at present arestill classed as COW tankers. Some of the cargo tankson this type of vessel are also utilised for clean ordeparture ballast. MARPOL73/78, Annex 1, Reg. 13Bstates that, 'ballast water is only put into cargo tankswhich have been crude oil washed' and also requiresthat every tanker operating with COW systems shall beprovided with an COW Operations and EquipmentManual detailing the system, equipment and specifyingoperational procedures. With COW tankers the extentthat COW can be reduced is limited.
4.5.2 Segregated ballast tankers (SBTs)
COW tankers are gradually being replaced bySegregated Ballast Tankers (SBTs). Every tanker forwhich the building contract was placed after 1 June1979 or delivered after 1 June 1982 is required to befitted with protectively located ballast tanks and to befitted for COW. With the exception of the heavyweather ballast tank(s) these tankers do not have toperform COW except for the control of sludge. The
degree of control that can be exercised over COW istherefore much greater but will still be dependent uponwhether the ship is fitted with programmable COWmachines.
4.5.3 Double-hull tankers
These vessels are a particular type of SBT. The cargocarrying spaces are surrounded by tanks that cancontain ballast water when on ballast passage. Thismeans that there are wing ballast tanks outboard of thecargo spaces for the full length of the cargo space anddouble-bottom water ballast tanks below the cargospaces.
When loaded with cargo, the oil is insulated froma hull that may be relatively cold due to ambientweather/sea conditions. It is possible that the oil willnot require as much energy to retain loaded temperatureor will not cool as fast as a conventional single-hullvessel.
Although on arrival the cargo may have atemperature above the cloud point, as ballast is taken onboard, the inner hull could be substantially cooled. Thiscooling may encourage wax laydown within the cargotank. It is important to assess the ballast watertemperature and consider its cooling effect on the innerhull, bearing in mind the cargo quality.
4.6 CARGO HEATING
4.6.1 General
The optimum temperature to which the cargo should beheated is largely dependent upon the pour point, cloudpoint, total wax content and the viscosity of the cargo.The ambient weather and sea conditions also influencethe heating requirements. Furthermore, it may benecessary to heat the cargo required for COW to ahigher temperature than bulk cargo.
The data supplied in Annex D give, besides thecharacteristics of each crude, guidelines on the COWrequirements, minimum carriage and transfertemperatures. The suggested COW procedures arecoded for the two types of tankers, COW tankers orSBTs, for both winter and summer conditions. It shouldbe emphasised that the temperatures and proceduresgiven in Annex D guidelines: actual conditionsexperienced either during the voyage or duringdischarge may require a revision in implementation orprocedure.
CRUDE OIL WASHING AND HEATING GUIDELINE
9
4.6.2 Heat exchangers/deep well pumpcombinations
Where cargo temperature is maintained using heatingcoils, the heat energy is imparted on a continuous basisfor the majority of the discharge. Where deep-wellpumps are used to circulate cargo via 'on-deck' heatexchangers, it is probable that during discharge heatingcannot be continued. Vessels with this type of systeminstalled may be unsuitable for carrying some heatedcrude oils.
4.7 PRE-CHARTERING STAGE
Before a ship is chartered the following informationmay be relevant :
a) That the COW and Inert Gas (IG) systems are fullyoperational according to the international/nationalregulations. These regulations also apply to thecontinuous monitoring and recording of IGpressure and oxygen content for the duration of thetransfer operation. Failure of the monitors andrecording instrumentation will preclude thecarrying out of COW operations.
b) The ship type, which will dictate the level of COWrequired.
c) The COW machines, whether programmable ornon-programmable.
d) Type of heating system, either continuous (heatingcoils), or not (heat exchangers with deep-wellpumps).
Note: With respect to volatile cargoes i.e. those withhigh Gas to C4 content, refer to Section 5.5; performinga full COW with non-programmable machines maygenerate unacceptable levels of hydrocarbon gasevolution which may cause a higher than normal loss onoutturn and may give rise to air pollution.
These COW and heating guidelines are not intended topreclude charterers from specifying their own COWand heating requirements in a charter party.
4.8 CRUDE OIL WASHING
4.8.1 General
The ships’ officers or charterers’/cargo receivers’representative (if appointed), should decide if COWneeds to be performed and if so assess its effectiveness,even if the data suggest that COW is not required. Forexample, North Sea crude oils (e.g. Brent) generallyhave a moderate wax content and on short voyages insummer, where the cargo retains its loaded temperature,COW need not be performed. However, if the voyageis long then wax may settle out of the cargo and abottom wash will be required. In most cases tank dipswill need to be obtained at a number of points in eachcargo tank to assess the amount and location ofwax/sediments remaining after initial draining and todetermine if COW is necessary. The IMO publicationon crude oil washing systems advises in Section 4.4.4that 'Suitable arrangements for hand dipping must beprovided at the aftermost portion of a cargo tank and inthree other suitable locations unless other approvedmeans are fitted for efficiently ascertaining that thebottom of every cargo tank is dry'. The maindisadvantage of COW is the generation of hydrocarbongas. This gas constitutes a loss and should beconsidered in the formulation of any COW policy.
4.8.2 Non-hydrocarbon components of crude oil
It has to be recognised that COW is a vigorous washingmethod which ensures that the ship will discharge moreof the non-hydrocarbon components such as sand andshale etc. than would be the case if COW is not carriedout. These contaminants form part of the cargo and it isthe responsibility of the terminal to receive these andtreat/dispose accordingly. However, they are abrasiveand have a detrimental effect on the internals of pipes,valves and fittings that accelerates wear, leading toincreased maintenance costs around refineries andterminals; the performance of in-line samplers may alsobe affected. Furthermore, sludge problems in shoretanks are aggravated which in turn increases cleaningand disposal costs. The accumulation of sludge affectsboth shore tank measurement and water draining.Inadequate water draining of crude feed tanks canadversely affect refinery operations.
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
10
4.8.3 Charterer’s representative
A charterer’s or cargo receiver’s representative may beappointed to monitor the cargo discharge. If appointed,his/her duties are to liaise with both the ship and shorepersonnel with regards to the general dischargeoperation and COW. Charterers’ representatives arefully conversant with the crude oil properties and willbe able to advise the ship’s staff on the effectiveness oftheir discharge and COW plan. They should besufficiently knowledgeable about dischargingoperations to be able to suggest changes to the plan thatmay be required during discharge, to maximise theoutturn whilst minimising environmental pollution.
4.8.4 COW medium
Many COW operations manuals seem to imply thatwhen performing COW, cargo tanks should be washedwith 'fresh' crude oil and not with 're-cycled' crude oilfrom the slop tanks. The term 'fresh' means crude oilthat is essentially dry and has not previously been usedfor COW, 're-cycled' being crude oil that has beenpreviously used to wash the ship’s tanks. This isparticularly important when performing COW withwaxy crude oils as continued washing with the samecrude oil can lead to wax saturation and complete lossof solvency. COW using the 'closed-cycle' re-circulation method is not suited to routine crude oilwashing as it causes delay, and increases the risk ofpassing sediment through the machines and of using oilwhich has lost much of its solvency. In order tomaintain a consistent quality of oil discharged, tankwashings should be commingled and discharged withthe main cargo. The exceptions are waxy paraffiniccargoes where the slop tank contents are heated to ahigher temperature than the rest of the cargo to assist inthe removal of waxes. The crude oils that require thisspecial treatment are noted in the data 'Remarks' columnof Annex D.
4.8.5 Backloading 'cutter stock'
On occasions where large amounts of ROB aredetected, it may be financially advantageous tobackload a suitable 'cutter stock', if available, to be usedfor COW. If the cutter stock, which is usually a middledistillate oil, is heated, further improvements in thereduction of ROB may be obtained. Alternatively, asuitable crude oil having similar properties to cutterstock could also be used.
Only a few crude oils, as noted in Annex D, requirewashing with cutter stock. For example, the residues
from Widuri, which is a high pour point crude oil witha high wax content, have successfully been removedwith heated cutter stock.
The procedure was to discharge all cargo tanks toa depth of one metre and leave with the heating on.Each tank was then successively stripped, washed withcutter stock, and finally stripped, with good results. Toclear the draining holes of wax the COW machineswere programmed to bottom wash first and then befollowed by a full-cycle wash.
Before backloading cutter stock carefulconsideration must be given to the following points:
— If the cutter stock is an on-specification product thecost of re-processing may be high in relation to thequantity and quality of the cargo residuesrecovered from the ship’s tanks.
— The quality of ROB. There would be no point inperforming this operation just to clean the cargotanks of non-hydrocarbons.
— Discharge time available. This may beconsiderably increased if backloading of the cutterstock cannot take place until all of the cargo hasbeen discharged.
— Suitable cutter stock is available.
It is recommended that this operation is not performedunless the economics of the situation have beencarefully assessed.
Cargoes of waxy paraffinic or high viscosity crudeoil which cannot be suitably conditioned to enableCOW, or where cutter stock or a suitable crude oil isnot available for washing, should be treated in the sameway as fuel oil.
4.9 VENTING VAPOURS
4.9.1 In transit
During the voyage the vapour/IG pressure above thecargo may rise to a level considered as unsafe by ship’sstaff. Normal operations would involve releasing thispressure to the atmosphere by manual opening of themast riser valves. The vapour/IG is released until thepressure falls to some arbitrary low level. However, ifthis low pressure is below the TVP of the cargo at theobserved temperature the vapour/liquid equilibrium willbe upset and more vapour will be created from thecargo. The eventual release of this vapour will increase
CRUDE OIL WASHING AND HEATING GUIDELINE
11
environmental pollution and cargo loss.The committee believes that controlled venting at
sea can reduce overall emissions and potential cargoloss. Traditionally, regular venting to a low pressure200 – 300 mmH2O, was thought to be the mosteffective method of tank pressure control. Recentstudies have indicated that reducing to such lowpressures can simply result in rapid evolution of morevapour and an accelerated pressure increase. Controlledventing to a higher pressure in the region of 800 to1000 mm H2O could significantly reduce totalemissions.
4.9.2 During crude oil washing
Any gas generated by COW should remain within theullage spaces and mixed with the inert gas. Gas ventedoff, especially during COW, means a substantial loss oflight ends to the atmosphere thereby increasingenvironmental pollution. It is recommended thatcharterers instruct, and masters of ships ensure, that theIG system is operated such that excessive pressures arenot generated and no vapour is vented to atmosphereduring discharge. Except in an emergency, the mastriser and/or other vents should be kept closed. Fordipping of tanks during COW operations, only gaugingpositions fitted with vapour lock valves should be used.
4.10 INSTRUCTIONS TO SHIPS’ MASTERS
To help maximise outturns, it is recommended that thecharterer or cargo owner’s representative should liaisewith the ship’s master/chief officer to achieve thefollowing:
a) Previous cargo:
The cargo representative must ascertain the type ofcargo carried and the washing performed for theprevious voyage. This information will help determinethe COW to be carried out on the present voyage. If theprevious cargo gave rise to substantial quantities ofROB/OBQ then even with a current cargo of a qualityrequiring no COW, as specified in Annex D, a bottom,or possibly a full COW, may be required to clean theship to an acceptable standard. However, closedconditions should be maintained.
b) Trim:
To achieve effective stripping of the cargo tanks it isrecommended that a good stern trim is maintained
during COW and stripping of the tanks. Current COWoperation manual requirements advise that '…the trimconditions for crude oil washing given in theOperations and Equipment Manual shall be adhered to.In general, trim by the stern is only important duringthe final stages of tank discharge and shall be themaximum possible compatible with operationalconstraints…'. If the tank suctions are offset from thecentre line of the tank then the ship may also be listedso that the oil flows towards the tank suctions.Reference should be made to the vessel’s COWoperations manual and/or the vessel’s standardconditions book. Note: The requirement for trim during COW shouldnot be mistaken for the MARPOL requirements of avessel in ballast condition which limits the vessel’s trimto 0,015 of the vessel’s length. However, certain portsrequire this as the maximum trim to be attained toenable the vessel to be safely manoeuvred in anemergency.
c) Draining:
During COW a slight build up of washing oil on thetank bottom is normal. To some extent this is desirablesince it carries the wax and sediments to the tanksuctions. It is the degree of build up that has to becontrolled. If the depth of oil at the after end of the tankexceeds 0,30 metres then COW should be suspendedand the tank drained.
d) Stripping:
— Low viscosity crude oils: Tanks should be left for as long as possible for'run-down' to occur after COW and/or stripping forthe first time. On completion of run-down the tanksshould be restripped. Even if time is short it issuggested that the tanks should be stripped at leasttwice.
— High viscosity/high wax crude oils: Tanks should be stripped immediately after COWand/or when first emptied. Restripping should takeplace shortly after, whilst the tank is still warm.High viscosity low pour point oils flow slowly andtake time to reach the tank suction. In these casesit is better to wait for as long as possible beforestripping the tanks for the final time. Due attentionshould be paid to the ambient conditions includingsea and ballast temperatures which if cool mayincrease clingage during COW. To limit this effectit may be necessary to reduce the planned COWprogramme.
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
12
e) Slop tanks:
Because of electrostatic hazards, COW must not beperformed with oil in slop tanks which have been usedfor Load-on-Top purposes or wet crude oil. Ship’sofficers should be instructed to discharge the slop tanksfirst and refill with dry oil from other cargo tanks.
f) COW feed tank:
Experience has shown that for the COW of highpour/waxy cargoes the COW feed tank (normally theslop tank) should be heated to at least 10 C above theaverage cargo temperature. Crude oils requiring thisextra heating are listed in Annex D.
13
5
KEY TO CRUDE OIL DATA SHEETS(Annex D)
5.1 CRUDE OIL TYPE
The crude oils have been arranged in alphabetical order.Note: The absence of a value for a particular
parameter indicates that data are not available; it doesnot indicate a nil result.
5.2 ASSAY DATE
The assay date is the date of the most recent assayreceived by HM-L-4B. However, an assay may notcontain all of the data, for the crude oil underconsideration, required by Annex D. Therefore somedata may not be as recent as the assay date implies.
The data are generally displayed as a range exceptin the case of viscosity. One of the shortcomings of thiscollection method is that possible trends in crudequality cannot be tracked.
5.3 API GRAVITY
Since crude oils are traded in barrels and API Gravitiesthe data in Annex D follow this system.
To interconvert from API Gravity at 60 F anddensity at 15 C use the Petroleum Measurement Tables(IP200/80 ASTM D 1250-80) Volume XI/XII, Table 3.
5.4 REID VAPOUR PRESSURE (RVP)
RVP is the most common vapour data available. Themain problem with this information is that the samplingconditions are not known thus the values quoted havea large uncertainty. Also it is likely that RVP is not arealistic value when comparisons are made againstvapour release from crude oil being carried in a ship’stank. However, in the short term, if a high RVP value isobserved there may be a potential vapour loss duringCOW.
5.5 GAS TO C4
Once again the results given in this column are highlydependent upon the conditions under which the sampleswere drawn. They are taken from the assay of eachcrude oil, considering the boiling fractions frommethane to butane.
If the Gas to C4 is a high value, generally in excessof about 2,5% m/m, high gas losses may be experiencedduring transportation but more particularly duringCOW operations.
5.6 TOTAL WAX
The total wax, expressed as a percentage weight, is thesum of the wax found in various boiling fractions of thecrude oil assay.
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
14
Indications are:
Wax Content(% m/m)
Sludge deposition
< 3 Minimal
3 - 6Some deposition undercooler climaticconditions
> 6Some cargoconditioning may berequired i.e. heating
5.7 POUR POINT
In the past, pour point has been considered as theprimary indicator as to whether or not a crude oilshould be heated. It was considered adequate to heatcargoes to a temperature of 10 C above the pour point.However, more recent research has indicated that thismay not be such a useful criterion as once thought.Even at a suitable temperature above the pour pointsignificant sludging can still occur. It is now felt thatcloud point is a more suitable temperature indicator.However, pour point is included in Annex D since acorrelation between pour point and cloud point is givenin Section 7.
5.8 CLOUD POINT (CALC)
Cloud point is the temperature at which phaseseparation occurs. One of the considerations in thissection has been terminology. Other publications usethe terms wax appearance point, wax appearancetemperature, or cloud point. All of these involve someform of experimental determination.
The temperatures quoted in Annex D are based onthe two calculation methods shown in Section 7. Thefirst correlation is based on a weighted wax content ofindividual boiling fractions. The second correlation isbased on a blending indices method. In order todifferentiate between the experimental and calculationmethods the term 'cloud point (calc)' will indicate thatit has been calculated.
As the determination of the temperature at whichthe first wax crystal precipitates out of solution is not soimportant in the marine industry, the equations used inthis publication are of sufficient accuracy. However,
cloud points calculated in this publication may not besufficiently accurate for pipeline operations.Experimental techniques such as microscopy should beused.
5.9 KINEMATIC VISCOSITY
Where possible, two kinematic viscosities, at twotemperatures, are given. In all cases both viscositieshave been obtained from the same assay data. Using theformulae in Section 7 it is possible to calculate thekinematic viscosity at any temperature.
The viscosity at ambient temperature is importantbecause it affects the efficiency of both the cargo andstripping pumps. To maintain optimum efficiency forcentrifugal cargo pumps the cargo viscosity should notexceed 250 mm2/s. During stripping operations theviscosity of the cargo should not exceed 600 mm2/s.
Note: the unit mm2/s was formerly entitled cSt(centistokes).
5.10 LOAD, CARRIAGE AND DISCHARGETEMPERATURES
This information was collated from data supplied by theoil companies represented on committee HM-L-4B.Where data are unavailable, carriage and dischargetemperatures have been included, where possible,which are based on the carriage and dischargeconditions of other crude oils having similar properties.Generally, for paraffinic crude oils there will be nodifferentiation between carriage and dischargetemperature. However, for aromatic crude oils thedischarge temperature may need to be increased abovethe carriage temperature to reduce the viscosity duringpumping operations. In the future sufficient informationmay become available to enable more specificinstructions for heating the crude oil used for COW.
An additional temperature has been included in thedata and labelled 'load' since some companies haveindicated temperatures under which they would notcommence loading a particular crude oil.
The data indicate the minimum temperature in allcases and have been arrived at by experience. However,ambient conditions throughout the voyage should alsobe given due consideration as minimum temperaturesmay need to be increased.
5.11 COW INSTRUCTIONS
COW codes developed for these guidelines can be
KEY TO CRUDE OIL DATA SHEETS (Annex D)
15
found in Annex D. References under 'Remarks', wherenecessary, are made to heating the contents of the sloptanks to a temperature of at least 10 C above theaverage cargo temperature. The value of 10 C is purelyarbitrary but is based upon experience. A difference ofless than 10 C does not give rise to an appreciablechange in crude oil quality (usually viscosity).Temperature differences greater than 10 C may berequired with some crude oils.
5.11.1 COW tanker (COWT) (Code A)
Where the COW codes in Annex D have the formatAW/AS, AW is the code to be used for crude oil beingcarried or discharged in winter conditions whilst AS isthe code for crude oil being carried or discharged insummer conditions. For example, for a code of A1/A2,A1 is the code to use for winter conditions and code A2for summer conditions. Where the COW code in AnnexD is a single code e.g. A3, this code can be used withequal validity in both winter and summer conditions.
As a general guide, the following summer/winterdesignations apply:
— Northern Hemisphere (North of the Tropic ofCancer). Summer: 1 April to 30 September.Winter: 1 October to 31 March.
— Southern Hemisphere (South of the Tropic ofCapricorn). Summer: 1 October to 31 March.Winter: 1 April to 30 September.
— The code for the Tropics is usually obtained fromthe summer section (AS) of the above data. If indoubt the worst-case scenario should be chosenand the codes obtained from the winter section(AW) of the data.
Ambient conditions, for example cold sea water, cangreatly affect the crude oil temperature, especiallylayers close to the hull or adjacent to the ballast tanks.Localised cooling to temperatures below the cloud pointleads to precipitation of wax, which in turn aggravatesclingage and ROB on discharge. On the other hand,high oil temperatures caused by high air and seatemperatures may lead to the evolution of hydrocarbongas.
As a further guide the mean sea water and airtemperatures for February and August are included inthese guidelines (see Annex B).
5.11.2 Segregated ballast tankers (SBT) (Code B)
COW codes for SBTs are differentiated from COWTankers (COWTs) by substituting a B for an A e.g.B4/B7.
5.12 HYDROGEN SULFIDE (H2S)
Concentrations of H2S (ppm mass) in the oil phase ofvarious crude oils are also supplied. There is nocorrelation between the concentration of H2S in the oilphase (ppm mass) with the concentration of H2S in thevapour phase (ppm volume), (ISGOTT Section 16.5).However, for guidance purposes, crudes where highlevels have been found in the vapour phase are noted.The blank spaces in the table do not indicate a value ofzero but indicate that no information is available. At alltimes crude oil should be treated with caution asadvised in ISGOTT, as referenced in Section 6.2 of thisdocument.
5.13 BENZENE
Benzene contents of various crude oils are given on apercent mass/mass basis. Again, the precautionaryadvice in ISGOTT, as referenced in Section 6.4 of thisdocument, should be consulted.
5.14 REMARKS
In the tables of Annex D the committee has tried to pulltogether as much added information as possible.
One of the main items covered is the possiblepresence of H2S gas, especially in the vapour phase. Anote regarding safety precautions when handlingpetroleum cargoes can be found in Section 6. The list ofcargoes containing H2S should not be considered asexhaustive as H2S levels change with both field age andblend.
Some crude oils listed as 'subject to wax laydownin cold conditions' are those having a relatively highwax content that could result in larger than usual sludgedeposition under certain conditions. A good example ofthis is Brent Blend which is transported unheated all theyear round on short voyages across the North Sea, butrequires some heating when being transported acrossthe Labrador Current to the East Coast of the USA inwinter.
Another note that has been used is 'COW with thiscrude may result in high tank pressures'. This is areflection of the relatively high Gas to C4 content of thecrude oil. Due to their solvent properties these crudeoils are generally considered good as a COW mediumfor removing the residues from past cargo. However,they generate high vapour volumes which increasecargo loss, cause tank pressures to rise, and may lead toair pollution as pressure is relieved to the atmosphere.
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
16
With some of these types of crude oil the need to COWis questionable. An example of this is Saharan Blendwhich has a high Gas to C4 content, low wax contentand low cloud point temperature.
Past versions of COW manuals listed a number ofcrude oils which were considered to be unsuitable forcrude oil washing due to their high pour point orviscosity. However, nearly all of these crude oils havebeen successfully used for COW by suitable
conditioning beforehand. Conditioning generally meansto heat the oil but the addition of a detergent may be apossibility. It is for these reasons that most of theunsuitable crude oils listed in the COW manual havebeen given COW codes in Annex D.
Finally, the committee would like the users of thisdocument to submit information on the DataSubmission Form, given in Annex A, for inclusion infurther revisions of Annex D.
17
6
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WHENHANDLING PETROLEUM CARGOES
6.1 INTRODUCTION
All persons involved in the handling of petroleumcargoes should be aware of the information on toxicityhazards contained in the International Safety Guide forTankers and Terminals (ISGOTT), Chapter 16, Toxicityof petroleum and associated substances.
The risk of exposure to toxic vapours on deck isnot to be disregarded, for here the testing of gasconcentrations is generally unsatisfactory and thedilution of high concentrations of cargo vapour into theatmosphere depends on turbulence and diffusion. Forthis reason care is needed during loading, ballasting andgas freeing, and when measuring or sampling the cargo.Precautions on measuring and sampling are given inISGOTT 7.2, and should be complied with.
In addition any person involved in themeasurement and sampling of petroleum cargoes shouldmake a practice of enquiring from the terminals andmasters if cargoes have any abnormal concentrations oftoxic components and/or whether special precautionsshould be applied.
6.2 HYDROGEN SULFIDE (H2S)
H2S is present in many crude oils and natural gasolines.Where high concentrations may be present, particularlyin sour crude oils, the H2S is generally removed bysweetening before shipment. All personnel handlingcargoes containing H2S should be fully aware of thehazards outlined in ISGOTT 16.5 and of the relevantprecautions in ISGOTT 7.2.
It is recommended that ships’ staff (deck), cargoinspectors and jetty/offsite operators wear H2S monitorsduring all gauging and sampling operations concerningcrude oil.
6.3 MERCAPTANS
Mercaptans are organic sulfur compounds which arepresent in some crude oils, natural gasolines andfeedstocks. Concentrations of over 500 ppm mass canoccur in some pentanes and up to 150 ppm in somenaphthas.
It should be noted that the TLV is 0,5 ppm so thetoxicity hazards, and the precautions necessary, are verysimilar to H2S.
6.4 BENZENE
Pure benzene is no longer carried in conventionaltankers but it is a component of many crude oils andproducts. The short term effects of exposure to thevapours of cargoes containing aromatics such asbenzene, toluene, xylene and cumene, are similar tothose of other hydrocarbon vapours although somewhatmore severe. However, in addition, exposure to benzenevapours can present a chronic long-term health hazard.Again, full guidance on the toxicity and the precautionsnecessary when handling cargoes containing benzeneand other aromatic hydrocarbons is outlined in ISGOTT16.4.
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
18
19
log log ( , , ) log log ( , , )
log
10 10 10 10
10
84 3 0 8 40 35 0 8
333313
B
log log , log log log ,
log
10 10 10 10 10 2
102
0 8 0 8V V
BTT
x
x
7
CALCULATION PROCEDURES
7.1 VISCOSITY
The viscosities given in Annex D are taken directlyfrom assay data. Where it is considered necessary tocalculate a viscosity at a particular temperature, otherthan those quoted, a Refutas type equation can be used:
(7.1)
where:Vx is the unknown viscosity at temperature Tx
V2 is the known viscosity at temperature T2
B is the temperature/viscosity slope and is a constantfor each crude type
Note: The unit of kinematic viscosity is mm2/s,formerly called the centistokes (cSt). The unit oftemperature is the Kelvin (K).
where: K = C + 273 (7.2)
Although the equation (7.1) is using Log10Log10 (logs tothe base 10) throughout, natural logs (lnln) could alsobe used. It is essential to use a constant log base.
The B factor for a particular crude oil may bedetermined by substituting the two viscosity/temperature pairs into equation (7.1). This factor canthen be used with one of the two known viscosity/temperature pairs to determine the viscosity at a thirdtemperature, Tx. Where available the tabulated datainclude viscosities at two temperatures.
If only one viscosity/temperature pair is knownfrom assay data an average B factor of 3,50 can be used.
7.1.1 Example 1 - Calculation of a viscosity Bfactor
Using the data for Maya crude oil given in Annex D,the following viscosity/temperature pairs are obtained:
T1 = 40,0 C; V1 = 84,30 mm2/sT2 = 60,0 C; V2 = 40,35 mm2/s
The two temperatures must first be converted fromCelsius to Kelvin:
T1 = 40 + 273 = 313 KT2 = 60 + 273 = 333 K
Using equation (7.1) let Tx = T1 = 313 K, let Vx =V1
= 84,30 mm2/s, let T2 = 333 K, and let V2
= 40,35 mm2/s.
0,2855 = 0,2080 + (B x 0,0269)B = (0,2855 0,2080)/0,0269B = 2,88
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
20
log log ( , ) log log ( , , )
, log
10 10 10 10
10
0 8 84 3 0 8
2 88313308
Vx
log log ( , ) , ,10 10 0 8 0 2855 0 0201Vx
Vx (log log ( , , ) ,101
101 0 2855 0 0201 0 8
7.1.2 Example 2 - Calculation of viscosity of atypical crude oil at an arrival temperatureof 35 C
In this example the B factor is 2,88 as calculated inexample 1.
Tx = 35 + 273 = 308 K
From the two viscosity/temperature pairs given inAnnex D choose the pair whose temperature is closestto Tx. That is 84,3 mm2/s at 40 C.
Using equation (7.1) the viscosity Vx is calculated asfollows:
Vx = 104,19 mm2/s
Viscosity at 35 C is 104,19 mm2/s.
7.2 CLOUD POINT (CALC)
Two methods were used to calculate the cloud points inAnnex D. These methods assume different waxconcentration curves and neither method has beenproven to be more reliable than the other. The cloudpoints for both methods are given as a temperaturerange.
7.2.1 Method 1
This method is based on an early equation developed byDr T.J. Gunner:
Cloud Point ( C) = 104,26(loglogF - 1,55) (7.3)
where: FT
a2
and = 4(W550 x M550 x C550) = 2(W509 x M509 x C509) = (W369 x M369 x C369)
T = C149,C232,C342,C509,C550
and Wx is the wax content (% weight) of therelevant Cx 'cut'.
Mx is the melting point ( C) of the waxcontent Wx.
C is the % weight of the given distillation'cut'.
Note: The subscript numbers have been used to indicatethe distillation fraction (boiling range) on a crude oilassay such that:
149 means the cut between C5 and 149 C232 means the cut between 149 C and 232 C342 means the cut between 232 C and 342 C369 means the cut between 342 C and 369 C509 means the cut between 369 C and 509 C550 means the cut between 509 C and 550 C
Generally the assay cut points are company dependentand will not conform to those given above. However,there are software distillation packages available thatwill transform any series of 'cut' points to conform tothose shown above.
Many crude oil assays do not report the meltingpoints of the wax contents of the various fractions. Asurvey of the data available from 150 crude oilsrevealed the mean values and standard deviation fromthe mean of the three relevant fractions to be:
Crude 'Cut'
( C)
Mean MeltingPoint ( C)
Standarddeviation
( C)550 65 4509 53 3369 39 1
It is recommended that if wax melting points are notavailable then the above values are used.
7.2.2 Method 2
This utilises the blending indices of the variousdistillation 'cuts'. The blending index is calculated usingthe following equation:
Log10I = 0,02916(Cloud Point( C) + 73,33)(7.4)
where I is the blending index of the fraction underconsideration. However, it is usual to add a subscript toindicate the particular fraction.
For fractions distilling below 149 C the index isassumed to be zero. For the fraction boiling between
CALCULATION PROCEDURES
21
CPIW W I W I W I
B( , ) ( ) ( ) ( )149 232 232 342 342 369 3694 8
100
149 C and 232 C, denoted by I149, the index is 4,8. Forthe middle distillate fractions in the higher boilingranges the blending index has to be calculated fromcloud points given in the crude oil assay. To do this, thecloud point for each fraction is substituted into equation(7.4). For residues where only the pour point isreported, the cloud point is assumed to be 2 C abovethe pour point and the index calculated.
The blending indices for each cut are nowcombined on a weight basis, according to thepercentage weight of each fraction in the crude oil, toderive what may be termed the cloud point index of theblend, CPIB. That is, the cloud point index for the crudeoil in question:
(7.5)where:W149 is the percent weight of the fraction boiling
between 149 C and 232 C.W232 is the percent weight of the fraction boiling
between 232 C and 342 C.W342 is the percent weight of the fraction boiling
between 342 C and 369 C.W369 is the percent weight of the fraction boiling
greater than 369 C
I232,I342 and I369 are the cloud point indicescalculated for the above fractions.
Once the CPIB has been derived it can be entered intoequation (7.6) to calculate the required cloud point ofthe crude oil:
Log10CPIB = 0,02916(Cloud Point( C) + 73,33)(7.6)
Where the assay data do not include boiling data at thetemperatures prescribed above, other boiling points canbe used along with their corresponding cloud points.
7.2.3 Simplified procedure
Another equation is available to readers having noassay data. This is especially true for marine staff whomay only have a load port Certificate of Quality. It isbased upon the crude oil pour point and may be subjectto very high uncertainty.
Cloud Point( C) = (20,2 x 10(0,00708y - 0,1157714))+8(7.7)
where: y is the crude oil pour point ( C).
7.2.4 Example 3 - Calculation of Cloud Pointusing equation (7.7)
Consider a cargo of Brent Blend crude oil where theCertificate of Quality advises that the pour point is
3 C.
First calculate the exponential term in equation (7.7):
Exponential term = (0,00708 x pour point) – 0,1157714
Exponential term = (0,00708 x 3) – 0,1157714
Exponential term = -0,1370114
Cloud Point = (20,2 x 10 0,1370114) + 8
Cloud Point = 23 C
The cloud points calculated from methods 1 and 2, andgiven in Annex D, give the range 20 C to 26 C. Forthis crude oil the simplified method appears reasonable.Further information can be found in the IMO Crude OilWashing Systems, Section 9 of the Standard Formats(page 26- page 29).
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
22
23
ANNEX A
IP CRUDE OILDATA SUBMISSION FORM
Users having data or experience in handling a crude oilnot fully described in these guidelines, or more recentdata than that shown, please complete a copy of thefollowing form and return to:
Technical DepartmentHydrocarbon Management SectionEnergy Institute61 New Cavendish StreetLondon W1G 7ARUnited Kingdom
Test methods
The data for API Gravity, RVP, Pour Point andKinematic Viscosity should be based upon the resultsobtained from current standard test methods. Theprocedures to be employed can be found in the IP’sStandard methods for analysis and testing of petroleumand related products and British Standard 2000 Parts(latest available edition - published annually) or theannual book of ASTM Standards, Section 5, PetroleumProducts, Lubricants, and Fossil Fuels, volumes 1 to 6(latest available edition – published annually).
Alternatively there may be equivalent ISO or NationalStandards.
Gas to C4 will only be available from assay data.Total wax and cloud point may only be available aftercalculation based upon assay data.
Suggested temperatures
The carriage and discharge temperatures should bebased on a balance between operational requirements,as well as financial and environmental concerns.
Comments on experiences of handling crude
Even if quality data are not available, should users beinvolved in the handling of a crude oil where anunusual characteristic was observed please spend a fewmoments in completing the comments section on theform. Other useful information to be included would beCOW programme, voyage route and dates, air and seatemperatures (averages on route and those experiencedduring discharge).
The above information will be used in futureeditions of this publication.
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
24
IP CRUDE OIL DATA SUBMISSION FORM
Name: Indicate Test Standards Used ( )
Organisation: Standard Edition
Address: IP
ASTM
Other (Specify)
Date:
Crude Oil:
Test Data Test Method Used
API Gravity
RVP (psi)
Gas to C4 (% m/m)
Total Wax (% m/m)
Pour Point ( C)
H2S (ppm)Liquid PhaseH2S (ppm) *
Vapour PhaseBenzene (% m/m)
Liquid PhaseKinematic
Viscosity mm2/sT1 ( C) V1(cSt)
T2 ( C) V2(cSt)
Loaded Temp.( C)
Carriage Temp.( C)
Discharge Temp.( C)
Recommended COW codes: AW/AS BW/BS
Comments on Experiences of Handling this Crude Oil
* - If H2S reading in vapour space, please list previous cargo.
25
ANNEX B
CLIMATIC CHARTS OF THE WORLD
Permission to reproduce the following four figures waskindly given by the Controller of Her Majesty’sStationery Office. The attached charts have beenincluded to show mean air and sea temperatures forFebruary and August.
It is hoped they will enable the user to gain betterinsight into the expected ambient conditions which maybe experienced during a proposed voyage. Other factorsnot included in this publication, but which may have alarge effect on the vapour emission from the cargo, arewind speed, wind direction and sea state.
26
Figu
re B
.1 M
ean
sea
surf
ace
tem
pera
ture
(C
), Fe
brua
ry
27
Figu
re B
.2 M
ean
sea
surf
ace
tem
pera
ture
(C
), A
ugus
t
28
Figu
re B
.3 M
ean
air
tem
pera
ture
ove
r th
e oc
eans
(C
), Fe
brua
ry
29
Figu
re B
.4 M
ean
air
tem
pera
ture
ove
r th
e oc
eans
(C
), A
ugus
t
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
30
31
ANNEX C
COMMENTS ON THE HANDLING OFSOME CRUDE OILS
Each comment is preceded by the date of theobservations in the format (month/year).
Brent Blend
(11/01)A number of cargoes have been reported as having beenfound to have vapour space H2S readings in excess of60 ppm at the receiving port. Further reports werereceived at the 05/02 meeting. A general warning wasposted on the website.
Ezzaouia crude oil
(4/94)This is a crude oil that must be heated to at least 57 C.It is often carried as a small single grade and can betreated as a heavy fuel oil. If the vessel is fitted withCOW machines a wash with the hot crude has beenfound to be beneficial.
Flotta
(9/94)Experiences of some parts of the industry indicate thatthere may be problems with varying cloud point fromcargo to cargo. Sedimentation may be a problem butwhen heating is applied losses of light ends are evident.Some companies do not COW with this gradeespecially on short haul voyages where the cargo
retains its heat.
Iranian Light
(4/95)It was reported that a cargo of Iranian Light loaded at20 C, but unheated, lost 0,2 % of vapour during loadedpassage. Cargo cooling during the voyage led tosignificant sludge deposition which took 14,5 hours toCOW and seven hours to educt.
Maya
(4/95)This crude has been reported as being carried unheatedwith a parcel of Isthmus. The Isthmus was used to washall tanks.
Miskar Condensate
(10/02)This warning was posted onto the website. Miskar hasbeen found to contain 4,7% vol benzene in the liquidphase. Vapour levels are usually below permissibleexposure levels. However, personnel involved intransportation and inspection should wear appropriateprotective equipment. Benzene content of vapourspaces should be checked prior to inspection andappropriate precautions taken.
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
32
Nile Blend
(10/00)Members were referred to an article in Lloyds Listdated 20/10/00 where it was reported that difficultieshad been found when discharging this grade. HighROBs were being experienced.
(11/01)It was reported that large quantities of wax were beingdeposited from Nile Blend cargoes. 100 m3 was notunknown on a number of cargoes. These deposits werebeing carried over onto subsequent voyages.
Palanca crude oil
(9/94)This crude oil has a relatively high total wax contentwhich makes the outturn very uncertain. This crude oilwill COW but the wash fluid may become saturatedduring the washing and lose its solvency. Once thisoccurs stripping becomes very difficult. For this crudeoil re-cycled oil must not be used for COW. However,good discharge results have been obtained by using gasoil for washing.
(4/95)It has been reported as having been carried withoutheating, loading at 28 C and discharging at 18 C.Another crude oil grade was backloaded and used forCOW. The backloaded crude oils successfully triedwere Saharan Blend and Qua Iboe. There was less lossusing Qua Iboe which may have been due to the lowergas content of this crude oil when compared to SaharanBlend.
Urals (previously Russian export blend)
(05/02)High vapour space H2S levels have been reported abovethis grade.
Syrian Light crude oil
(4/94)This crude oil can be very difficult to handle as the waxcontent is relatively high. Ambient weather conditionsare very important and will affect the discharge. Iftransported within the Mediterranean Sea heating willnot be required in summer, however it is likely thatheating will be required in winter. If the vesseldischarges in Northern Europe then it is probable thatheating will be required even in the summer.
Although the cargo may need to be heated goodoutturn results can be obtained by heating the contentsof the slop tanks by a further 10 C, just prior todischarge, and using for COW.
(5/97)There was a recommendation to L-4B that Syrian Lightcrude oil should be heated to 35 C from the time ofsailing, and maintained at that temperature, tocompletion of discharge. A warning was given that ifno heating is applied then the final ROB in the wintermay constitute 0,5% of the loss (3 000 US Barrels on astandard parcel size), whereas in the summer this mayreduce to 0,25%, 1 500 Barrels. However, washing withSyrian Light has been known to cause accumulation ofparaffins and wax on cold tanker bulkheads.
Carriage at temperatures greater than 40 C willresult in light end loss thereby contributing to theoverall outturn loss.
(05/02)High vapour space H2S levels have been reported abovethis grade.
Further up-to-date reports can be found on the HM L-4website at www.oil-transport.info or via the EI websitewww.energyinst.co.uk.
33
ANNEX D
CRUDE OIL DATA
Explanations for the assay categories can be found inSection 5. The following codes should be referred to inconjunction with the data sheets that follow. For ease ofviewing it was decided to display the tabulated data inlandscape mode, thus qualities and remarks concerningeach crude are spread over two pages.
The committee has made every attempt to ensurethat the data are correct. However, differences may beexperienced from that described in this section since thequality of crude oil can change rapidly in a short time,especially if it is blended from a number of small fields.
Should the user of this publication become awareof any information that may be relevant under the scopeof this document, please forward the information to theInstitute on the form provided in Annex A.
D.1 COW CODES
D.1.1 Clean Ballast Tankers (CBT)
A1 Minimum MARPOL. Maximum possible safe trimfor stripping tanks and lines. Strip all cargo tanksat least twice, three times if time permits.
Note: Minimum MARPOL: is that defined in Section6.1 of the Revised specifications for the design,operation and control of crude oil washing systemsfound in IMO publication Crude oil washing systems,fourth edition 2000.
A2 Minimum MARPOL: plus a bottom wash ofremaining cargo tanks.
A3 Full cycle wash of all cargo tanks.
A4 Minimum MARPOL: plus a full wash of remainingwing tanks and a bottom wash of remaining centretanks.
A5 No COW, except with a suitable crude oil or cutterstock such as heated gas oil. Otherwise treat asheavy fuel oil with maximum possible safe trimfor stripping.
A6 Cargoes are small, normally carried in heavy fueloil tankers, and treated in the same way as heavyfuel oil.
A7 Minimum MARPOL: plus a bottom wash ofremaining cargo tanks, using the contents of theslop tanks. Oil in the slop tanks should be heated toat least 10 C above the average cargo temperature.
A8 Full cycle wash of all cargo tanks, using thecontents of the slop tanks for COW. The COWmedium should be heated to at least 10 C abovethe average cargo temperature.
D.1.2 Segregated ballast tankers (SBT) (HeavyWeather ballast tanks are subject toMARPOL COW requirements, see D.1.1)
B1 No COW. Maximum possible safe trim forstripping tanks and lines. Strip all tanks at leasttwice, three times if time permits.
HM 40 GUIDELINES FOR THE CRUDE OIL WASHING OF SHIPS’ TANKS AND THE HEATING OF CRUDE OIL BEING TRANSPORTED BY SEA
34
B2 Bottom wash only required.
B3 Full cycle wash of all cargo tanks.
B4 Full cycle wash for cargo wing tanks and a bottomwash for cargo centre tanks.
B5 No COW, except with a suitable crude oil or cutterstock such as heated gas oil. Otherwise treat asheavy fuel oil with maximum possible safe trim forstripping.
B6 Cargoes are small, normally carried in heavy fuel
oil tankers, and treated in the same way as heavyfuel oil.
B7 Bottom wash all cargo tanks, using the contents ofthe slop tanks. Oil in the slop tanks should beheated to at least 10 C above the average cargotemperature.
B8 Full cycle wash of all cargo tanks, using thecontents of the slop tanks for COW. The COWmedium should be heated to at least 10 C abovethe average cargo temperature.
35
ANNEX D.2
CRUDE OIL DATA SHEETS
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
36
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)A
bu A
l Bu
Kho
osh
Feb-
0233
,64,
70-
1,15
5,50
-37
-12
1432
209,
9540
5,72
--
Abu
Saf
ahA
pr-9
828
,90
3,10
-6,
50-
-29
-18
--
2024
,31
4011
,88
13,0
-A
CG
Ble
ndJu
l-98
34,6
0-
-0,
856,
51-3
-24
2920
15,6
240
6,74
--
Airl
ie B
lend
May
-96
43,7
01,
80-
0,95
4,17
-18
-15
27
202,
4830
2,05
--
Aks
ai C
onde
nsat
eN
ov-0
044
,3-
-1,
085,
0-9
-21
-20
2,72
--
280
X-
Akt
ubin
skJa
n-01
41,8
--
2,13
6,0
-48
-18
-20
4,4
--
12-
Al R
ayya
nSe
p-97
24,5
0-
-0,
758,
00-1
8-
2324
2063
,90
4028
,30
1500
X-
Al S
hahe
enD
ec-9
629
,00
--
0,85
6,00
-18
-16
1820
21,4
530
14,7
19
X-
Ala
skan
Nor
th S
lope
Jun-
0231
,90
4,30
-2,
504,
36-1
8-
1415
2011
,04
406,
42<2
-A
lba
Jan-
0219
,70
0,10
-0,
102,
03-4
2-
-11
230
195,
0050
65,7
0-
X-
Ale
xand
ria L
SAR
Jun-
0121
,90
--
0,00
23,8
339
-44
4660
41,1
5-
--
-A
lger
ian
Con
dens
ate
Dec
-92
64,8
07,
689,
503,
990,
16<-
60-4
6-4
0-2
820
0,81
300,
73-
-A
mal
Aug
-94
36,5
0-
-0,
88-
--
--
3018
,00
409,
45-
-A
mna
Jun-
9936
,80
0,40
3,98
0,85
14,4
121
-32
3440
8,54
605,
180,
6X
0,13
Ana
co W
axD
ec-9
340
,75
5,80
-1,
809,
433
1530
3240
1,81
601,
36-
0,75
Ana
suria
Sep-
0039
,70
6,60
-2,
306,
76-3
0-
1721
204,
7440
3,08
<1-
Ang
us 1
0D
ec-9
241
,00
--
--
--
--
204,
5440
3,03
--
Ano
aSe
p-91
45,4
01,
603,
600,
7014
,64
1015
3136
302,
5150
1,73
--
Ant
anJu
n-01
26,5
02,
903,
400,
552,
45-3
9-
111
2025
,65
4011
,84
<1-
Aqu
ilaSe
p-93
34,4
8-
-3,
16-
< -3
3-
--
--
--
--
Ara
bian
Ext
ra L
ight
Feb-
0338
,80
3,70
4,90
1,45
5,00
-33
-12
419
204,
8140
3,36
<2X
0,12
Ara
bian
Hea
vyA
pr-9
828
,42
3,60
6,90
5,13
3,53
-51
-23
1246
2043
,33
3026
,96
0 - 1
5X
0,07
Ara
bian
Lig
htA
pr-9
833
,36
4,20
4,60
5,67
4,10
-54
-21
-526
2010
,19
406,
021
- 21
X0,
11A
rabi
an M
ediu
mFe
b-02
28,9
03,
005,
600,
956,
89-2
4-
1422
2021
,10
4010
,89
0,7
- 18
X0,
08
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
37
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SA
bu A
l Bu
Kho
osh
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2A
bu S
afah
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
AC
G B
lend
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1A
irlie
Ble
ndN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Aks
ai C
onde
nsat
e-
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2/
B1
Akt
ubin
sk-
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
Al R
ayya
nN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A3/
A2
B3/
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. V
ery
high
H2S
/Mer
capt
ans.
Al S
hahe
enN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
Ala
skan
Nor
th S
lope
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1A
lba
-35
35A
1B
1H
eatin
g to
redu
ce v
isco
sity
.A
lexa
ndria
LSA
R-
5050
--
Uns
uita
ble
med
ium
for C
OW
.A
lger
ian
Con
dens
ate
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-W
ashi
ng is
unn
eces
sary
. M
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Am
al-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.A
mna
3030
40A
7B
7A
naco
Wax
-30
30A
3B
3A
nasu
riaN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s.A
ngus
10
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Ano
a-
3535
A8
B8
Car
go te
mpe
ratu
re m
ay b
e re
duce
d to
30
C in
the
sum
mer
. Slo
p ta
nks t
o be
at l
east
40C
in a
ll ca
ses.
Ant
an-
--
A2/
A1
B1
Aqu
ilaN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.A
rabi
an E
xtra
Lig
htN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B1
Ara
bian
Hea
vyN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A3/
A2
B3/
B2
Ara
bian
Lig
htN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s.A
rabi
an M
ediu
mN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s.
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
38
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)A
rabi
an S
uper
Lig
htA
pr-9
850
,75
6,00
9,80
12,3
5-
-39
-29
9-
201,
8350
1,32
2,0
-A
rdes
hir
Apr
-79
26,2
0-
-0,
903,
96-3
0-
12-
--
--
--
Ard
juna
Jul-0
238
,00
6,70
7,00
2,00
16,8
324
2736
3740
2,65
601,
98<2
-A
rne
Aru
n C
onde
nsat
eJu
n-97
57,5
05,
20-
1,00
0,25
-54
--4
7-9
200,
8440
0,65
--
Arz
anah
Feb-
9443
,95
4,20
5,00
1,83
1,58
-51
-910
2520
2,60
501,
50-
-A
sgaa
rdN
ov-0
243
,60
5,40
-2,
507,
00-9
-319
2020
3,44
402,
40<1
-A
sgaa
rd C
onde
nsat
eO
ct-0
351
,20
--
4,15
3,50
-45
-9
-20
1,27
--
<5-
Ash
tart
Dec
-96
30,0
51,
502,
200,
7010
,50
-69
2229
3011
,61
506,
563,
0-
Atta
kaSe
p-97
43,5
06,
107,
003,
005,
50-3
20
1015
201,
9140
1,39
--
Atta
ka B
adak
Jul-9
348
,55
7,90
-1,
326,
08-4
2-4
016
2120
1,20
500,
80-
-A
zeri
Ligh
tJu
n-03
34,8
02,
00-
0,97
8,50
-7-
29-
2011
,88
406,
530,
5-
Bac
h H
oM
ar-9
940
,20
--
0,85
28,6
536
-43
4850
4,92
604,
000,
2-
Bac
haqu
ero
(BC
F-17
)N
ov-9
816
,65
1,42
3,50
0,35
1,10
-29
-15
429
2015
61,0
040
351,
000,
1-
Bac
haqu
ero
(BC
F-22
)M
ay-8
921
,80
2,50
-0,
99-
-32
--
-20
193,
5740
64,1
00,
1-
Bac
haqu
ero
(BC
F-24
)A
pr-9
224
,20
4,20
--
--1
8-
--
2010
2,92
4034
,19
0,1
-B
adak
Jan-
9841
,30
--
1,30
10,0
0-1
2-
2427
202,
0240
1,36
--
Bad
inN
ov-9
444
,60
--
1,1
16,8
715
-26
3520
3,20
402,
05-
-B
alde
rM
ar-0
023
,10
3,10
-0,
203,
72-2
4-1
1124
2083
,30
4027
,20
1-
Ban
ffA
ug-0
237
,90
--
1,20
6,64
-6-
21-
207,
4540
4,17
<2-
Bar
ents
Sea
Aug
-96
46,7
0-
-0,
254,
05-2
4-
1014
202,
4830
2,07
--
Bar
row
Isla
ndJu
n-99
36,2
02,
20-
0,45
--5
4-
--
203,
0740
2,08
--
Bas
ra L
ight
Sep-
0130
,80
5,80
-1,
254,
95-6
0-
1016
3011
,72
506,
79<2
X-
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
39
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SA
rabi
an S
uper
Lig
htN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
Non
eN
one
CO
W w
ith th
is c
rude
may
resu
lt in
hig
h ta
nk p
ress
ures
.A
rdes
hir
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1A
rdju
na38
4545
A8/
A7
B7
Arn
eSe
e So
uth
Arn
e.A
run
Con
dens
ate
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Arz
anah
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1A
sgaa
rdN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
This
cru
de o
il m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s.A
sgaa
rd C
onde
nsat
eN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
--
Ash
tart
-30
30A
8B
8/B
7C
argo
tem
pera
ture
may
be
redu
ced
to 2
5C
in th
e su
mm
er. S
lop
tank
s to
be a
t lea
st30
C in
all
case
s.A
ttaka
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Bot
tom
was
hing
may
be
requ
ired.
Atta
ka B
adak
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2A
zeri
Ligh
t-
-25
A4
B2
Bac
h H
o-
5050
A5
B5
Bac
haqu
ero
(BC
F-17
)-
5757
B1
B1
Trea
t as f
uel o
il.B
acha
quer
o (B
CF-
22)
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Bac
haqu
ero
(BC
F-24
)-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.B
adak
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
3/A
2B
3/B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Tank
s may
requ
irew
ashi
ng u
sing
hea
ted
crud
e fr
om th
e sl
op ta
nks.
Bad
in-
3030
A3
B3
Bal
der
--
--
B2/
B1
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.B
anff
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
t-
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. M
inim
umte
mpe
ratu
re o
f 20
C in
win
ter c
ondi
tions
.B
aren
ts S
eaN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Bar
row
Isla
ndN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Bas
ra L
ight
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
1
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
40
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)B
ay M
arch
and
Jun-
0034
,90
--
0,45
3,14
-30
-63
520
9,42
404,
871
-B
eatri
ceM
ar-0
237
,80
5,60
-1,
1020
,73
24-
3438
407,
4560
4,39
<2X
-B
elay
im B
lend
Aug
-94
27,3
25,
90-
1,36
4,20
-15
327
4320
53,9
030
33,6
0-
-
Bel
ayim
Lan
dJa
n-90
22,3
0-
-0,
80-
6 -
--
2048
2,50
--
--
Bel
ayim
Mar
ine
Oct
-93
30,0
34,
00-
1,34
--1
2 15
--
2025
,77
--
--
Bel
ida
Apr
-94
45,8
04,
10-
1,65
10,8
012
1530
3140
2,41
601,
77-
-
Ben
cham
asA
pr-0
242
,40
--
0,80
31,0
933
-40
4360
2,82
100
1,67
<2-
Ben
even
to-S
an M
arco
May
-93
45,7
3-
-0,
07-
-6
--
-20
3,04
--
--
Ber
ylA
ug-0
039
,20
6,60
-2,
207,
586
-22
2520
5,31
402,
85<1
-B
ima
Mar
-92
19,8
0-
-0,
0513
,00
-115
1237
4039
4,00
6013
6,50
--
Bin
tulu
May
-98
36,5
0-
-1,
359,
00-2
1-3
2324
203,
2740
2,08
--
Bin
tulu
Con
dens
ate
Feb-
9859
,80
--
3,30
0,02
<-51
-35
-55
-20
0,68
300,
61-
-B
lenh
eim
May
-95
37,9
03,
20-
2,4
4,12
-18
-17
2330
3,98
502,
75-
-B
oliv
ar C
oast
24
May
-92
23,8
0-
-0,
601,
60-5
1-3
36
1920
138,
0040
48,3
02,
50,
06B
oliv
ian
Ble
ndD
ec-0
055
,40
--
2,95
3,61
-42
-2
420
1,42
401,
10-
-B
onny
Lig
htJu
n-02
34,9
46,
70-
1,45
6,38
-68
2026
304,
7150
3,07
1 - 1
20,
20B
onny
Med
ium
Jun-
9427
,60
2,40
3,40
0,55
3,50
-48
-24
518
2012
,90
406,
831,
00,
19B
onta
ngN
ov-9
450
,80
--
1,60
6,01
-24
-17
1820
1,10
400,
86-
-B
ouri
Mar
-93
25,7
92,
84-
0,35
9,50
-12
1516
3940
19,0
560
10,6
0-
-B
ow R
iver
Jun-
9724
,90
--
0,95
1,54
-54
-4
2020
62,4
040
22,7
0-
-B
rass
Riv
erA
pr-0
339
,80
6,60
-2,
758,
00-1
515
2425
202,
7440
1,91
1 -
70,
31B
rega
Dec
-93
41,1
56,
20-
1,85
8,50
-13
2530
205,
7040
3,28
-X
0,19
Bre
nt B
lend
Oct
-99
38,0
06,
2010
,10
2,25
6,74
3-
2024
304,
3740
3,54
1,4
X0,
43
Brit
anni
a C
onde
nsat
eA
pr-9
448
,50
--
1,70
1,46
-3-
3-
201,
5740
1,19
--
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
41
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SB
ay M
arch
and
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1B
eatri
ce-
4545
A4
B4
Bel
ayim
Ble
nd-
2525
A3/
A7
B3/
B7
Car
go te
mpe
ratu
re m
ay b
e re
duce
d to
20
C in
the
sum
mer
. Slo
p ta
nks t
o be
at l
east
25C
in a
ll ca
ses.
Bel
ayim
Lan
d16
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.B
elay
im M
arin
e27
3030
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.B
elid
a-
3030
A8/
A7
B8/
B7
Car
go te
mpe
ratu
re m
ay b
e re
duce
d to
25
C in
the
sum
mer
. Slo
p ta
nks t
o be
at l
east
30C
in a
ll ca
ses.
Ben
cham
as50
5050
A5
B5
Ver
y hi
gh w
ax c
onte
nt.
Ben
even
to-S
an M
arco
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Ber
ylN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
Bim
a-
5050
A4
B2
Bin
tulu
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2B
intu
lu C
onde
nsat
eN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
Non
e-
CO
W w
ith th
is c
rude
may
resu
lt in
hig
h ta
nk p
ress
ures
.B
lenh
eim
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1B
oliv
ar C
oast
24
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1B
oliv
ian
Ble
ndN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Bon
ny L
ight
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1B
onny
Med
ium
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1B
onta
ngN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
Bou
riN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A3
B3
Mai
ntai
n lo
ad te
mpe
ratu
re o
r hea
t to
25C
in w
inte
r.B
ow R
iver
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1B
rass
Riv
erN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A4/
A2
B2
Bre
gaN
o H
eat
No
Hea
t25
A4/
A1
B2/
B1
Bre
nt B
lend
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
0C
and
botto
m w
ashi
ng m
ay b
e re
quire
d.B
ritan
nia
Con
dens
ate
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
42
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)B
ront
e G
asol
ina
Jul-9
371
,86
--
4,52
-<
-36
--
-20
0,56
--
--
Bru
nei C
onde
nsat
eO
ct-9
266
,70
10,6
0-
4,32
0,00
-54
-34
-72
-70
200,
6050
0,50
--
Bru
nei L
ight
Oct
-00
41,1
0-
--
-6
--
--
--
--
-B
u A
ttife
lD
ec-9
742
,75
2,10
-0,
63-
3245
57-
506,
5060
4,92
--
Buf
falo
Feb-
0052
,70
--
0,60
5,42
-60
-6
1020
1,37
401,
051,
00-
Bun
ga K
ekw
aM
ar-9
836
,90
--
0,20
31,6
936
-38
4450
5,18
604,
16-
-
Bun
juD
ec-9
032
,55
--
0,20
9,16
1216
2425
203,
7340
2,40
--
Buz
achi
nska
yaJu
l-92
24,8
02,
10-
0,17
2,85
-12
1815
2120
81,4
030
47,6
0-
0,15
Cab
inda
Jun-
0032
,70
4,80
5,50
1,45
8,40
1027
2731
3018
,07
509,
9110
X-
Cam
arSe
p-91
36,0
0-
-1,
4010
,50
-33
1530
3140
3,03
602,
08-
-C
anad
on S
eco
Aug
-02
24,9
01,
71-
0,20
9,67
-14
322
3430
220,
0050
79,9
0<2
-C
ande
la G
asol
ina
Apr
-93
65,9
9-
-0,
97-
--
--
200,
67-
--
-C
ano
Lim
onM
ar-9
329
,27
1,70
1,80
0,10
7,00
-21
622
2440
13,9
360
7,99
--
Cap
tain
Apr
-97
19,3
0-
-0,
000,
35-2
7-
-27
-320
535,
0040
133,
50-
-C
aras
sai G
asol
ina
Feb-
9326
,34
--
0,00
-<
-36
--
-20
5,43
--
--
Car
ipito
Oct
-94
21,6
04,
50-
0,60
--3
0-2
122
-20
132,
4850
33,3
9-
-C
arm
opol
isM
ar-9
225
,10
3,90
--
--1
8-
--
2017
2,64
4072
,60
--
Cas
tilla
Jan-
0012
,80
--
0,25
6,67
-9-
1872
4016
19,0
060
380,
00-
-C
avon
eM
ar-9
224
,10
--
0,74
-18
-
--
2036
4,00
--
--
Cei
baO
ct-0
231
,20
--
1,50
4,99
-18
-14
1630
13,8
750
7,77
<2-
Cer
ro N
egro
Apr
-97
7,60
--
0,00
0,44
30-
-24
7460
6000
,00
8011
35,0
0-
-
Cer
ro N
egro
SC
OJu
n-03
16,0
00,
90-
0,29
--3
2-
--
2042
4,50
4012
1,46
77,0
X-
Cha
llis
Jun-
9839
,90
4,20
-1,
254,
90-1
5-
611
203,
0440
2,10
--
Cha
mpi
onO
ct-0
228
,80
2,00
2,50
0,35
0,10
+<-
60-3
06
-25
6,28
603,
99-
X-
Cha
rent
on B
arge
May
-02
42,4
0-
-1,
204,
86-1
8-
48
202,
8440
1,97
--
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
43
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SB
ront
e G
asol
ina
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Bru
nei C
onde
nsat
eN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
Non
e-
CO
W w
ith th
is c
rude
may
resu
lt in
hig
h ta
nk p
ress
ures
.B
rune
i Lig
ht-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.B
u A
ttife
l55
5555
A2
B2
Buf
falo
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2Th
is c
rude
oil
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Bun
ga K
ekw
a-
5555
A7
B7
Trea
t as H
eavy
Fue
l Oil,
Was
hing
may
be
poss
ible
at h
igh
tem
pera
ture
. M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Bun
juN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
Prev
ious
ly B
unyu
.B
uzac
hins
kaya
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2C
abin
da30
3030
A7/
A2
B7/
B2
Goo
d re
sults
hav
e be
en o
btai
ned
usin
g cr
ude
at 4
0C
from
slop
tank
s.C
amar
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2C
anad
on S
eco
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
4/A
2B
4/B
2C
ande
la G
asol
ina
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Can
o Li
mon
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2C
apta
in-
5050
Non
eB
1Tr
eat a
s Hea
vy F
uel O
il.C
aras
sai G
asol
ina
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Car
ipito
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Car
mop
olis
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Cas
tilla
6060
60A
5B
5C
avon
e-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.C
eiba
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1C
erro
Neg
ro-
--
A5
B5
Due
to h
igh
visc
osity
at h
igh
tem
pera
ture
this
cru
de m
ay re
quire
to b
e ca
rrie
d on
asp
ecia
list v
esse
l. M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Cer
ro N
egro
SC
O-
--
A1
B1
Cha
llis
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2C
ham
pion
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1C
hare
nton
Bar
geN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
44
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)C
hele
ken
Feb-
0234
,50
--
0,30
10,4
19
-28
3240
6,85
604,
291,
6-
Cin
taJu
n-92
30,9
5-
-0,
2526
,80
3241
47-
2029
0,89
4050
,70
--
Cla
ir 1
Feb-
9321
,70
--
--
-18
--
-20
150,
0540
56,3
0-
-C
oban
Feb-
0216
,50
--
0,75
7,10
-18
-20
4430
279,
0050
94,7
079
0X
-C
old
Lake
Van
couv
erJu
n-03
21,2
06,
70-
0,59
0,78
-54
-18
-5-
2017
7,48
4061
,62
--
Con
go C
ompo
site
(CoC
o)Ju
n-00
31,6
0-
-0,
759,
8927
-38
-30
22,3
040
15,8
00,
0-
Coo
per B
asin
Feb-
9048
,85
5,30
-1,
2015
,01
69
2129
202,
7140
1,89
--
Cos
sack
Jan-
0047
,70
--
2,80
5,85
-12
-16
-20
1,91
401,
42<1
-C
PC B
lend
47,0
0-
--
--4
1-
--
--
--
--
Cup
iagu
aA
pr-9
943
,10
--
2,45
13,7
415
-32
3330
2,43
501,
671,
10-
Cur
lew
May
-01
49,3
09,
30-
3,40
5,97
-27
-15
1920
1,56
401,
161,
00-
Cus
iana
Nov
-00
42,2
0-
-2,
759,
556
-24
2630
2,39
501,
701
-
Dai
Hun
gJa
n-01
29,5
02,
40-
0,50
14,0
024
3233
4440
12,2
860
7,09
--
Daq
ing
Aug
-94
32,1
0-
-0,
3016
,13
2436
3944
5023
,60
8011
,00
1,0
-D
ariu
sM
ay-9
534
,00
5,70
-1,
947,
24-1
8-
13-
386,
02-
--
-D
aunt
less
Aug
-97
32,6
0-
-1,
506,
35-9
-13
2320
16,3
040
8,00
--
Dia
na H
oove
rSe
p-01
30,9
0-
-1,
551,
26-6
0-
-13
-220
17,7
240
9,65
--
Did
onFe
b-02
35,4
0-
-1,
6010
,11
-93
2228
305,
8450
3,60
0,6
-D
jeno
Mar
-93
27,7
010
,80
-1,
598,
303
1225
4220
81,8
130
49,5
0-
0,30
Dob
a B
lend
(Ear
ly P
rod)
Jun-
0324
,98
1,40
-0,
12-
-1-
--
2053
6,70
4011
0,77
--
Dob
a B
lend
(Lat
er P
rod)
Jun-
0320
,79
1,20
-0,
06-
-4-
--
2016
38,2
040
327,
67-
-
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
45
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SC
hele
ken
-30
30A
8/A
7B
4/B
2C
inta
-50
55A
5B
5C
lair
1-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.C
oban
--
-A
4B
2C
old
Lake
Van
couv
erN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A3/
A2
B3/
B2
May
requ
ire h
eatin
g to
redu
ce v
isco
sity
. M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Con
go C
ompo
site
(CoC
o)-
4040
A4
B4
Coo
per B
asin
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
0C
and
botto
m w
ashi
ng m
ay b
e re
quire
d.C
ossa
ckN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
CPC
Ble
ndN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.C
upia
gua
3030
30A
8/A
7B
8/B
7G
as m
ay b
e ev
olve
d du
ring
trans
porta
tion
and
CO
W d
ue to
the
need
to h
eat.
Was
hw
ith c
rude
from
slop
tank
hea
ted
to 1
0C
abo
ve a
vera
ge c
argo
tem
pera
ture
.C
urle
wN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
CO
W sh
ould
be
min
imis
ed to
redu
ce g
as e
volu
tion
but b
e aw
are
that
und
er c
old
cond
ition
s the
re m
ay b
e so
me
wax
layd
own.
Cus
iana
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
8B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
5C
and
botto
m w
ashi
ng m
ay b
e re
quire
d.D
ai H
ung
-45
45A
8B
7D
aqin
g-
5555
A4
B4
Dar
ius
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1D
aunt
less
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1D
iana
Hoo
ver
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1D
idon
-25
25A
8 B
8/B
7D
jeno
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
4B
4Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 3
0C
and
botto
m w
ashi
ng m
ay b
e re
quire
d.D
oba
Ble
nd (E
arly
Pro
d)-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.D
oba
Ble
nd (L
ater
Pro
d)-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
46
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)D
onan
Feb-
9239
,00
--
2,10
6,11
-6-
2225
205,
0340
3,07
--
Dor
tyol
Aug
-98
32,7
--
0,23
5,5
-15
-15
-20
13,7
--
1,3
X-
Dra
ugen
Nov
-02
39,9
04,
19-
2,90
3,70
-18
-13
1720
3,90
502,
14-
-D
ubai
Exp
ort
Jul-0
130
,40
1,00
6,00
1,40
6,03
-43
-912
1820
13,6
540
7,54
1 - 9
X0,
23D
uc (D
anis
h)O
ct-9
433
,90
8,80
-1,
373,
60-4
5-1
8-
-20
8,36
405,
14-
-D
ulan
gA
ug-0
237
,60
--
0,10
30,1
333
-38
4350
3,81
603,
12<2
-D
uri
Jun-
9420
,92
0,30
-0,
0025
,00
335
2734
4029
2,00
6098
,80
--
Dur
war
dA
ug-9
736
,00
--
1,75
6,29
-15
-22
-20
8,86
404,
63-
-D
utch
Off
shor
eO
ct-9
229
,50
2,80
--
--1
8-
--
2072
,25
4017
,88
--
E4 (B
altic
)Ju
l-02
19,4
0-
-0,
008,
67-6
-25
3240
139,
0060
49,7
5-
-E4
Hea
vyJu
l-98
18,0
0-
-0,
006,
1615
-25
2940
183,
5060
61,5
0-
-E4
Lig
htJu
l-98
19,8
0-
-0,
008,
276
-27
3240
132,
5060
41,0
0-
-Ea
Ble
ndJu
l-03
34,7
--
0,94
3,50
09
21-
204,
5140
2,85
<10,
13Ea
st T
exas
Jun-
9540
,00
--
3,45
-6
-33
-20
5,18
403,
33-
-Ea
st Z
eit
Nov
-92
39,3
08,
4010
,80
2,60
7,79
-33
2729
206,
1240
3,00
--
Ebom
eSe
p-00
32,1
0-
-0,
353,
90-6
3-
1319
205,
3540
3,25
<1-
Egiz
iano
Tem
sah 4
(Con
dens
ate)
May
-94
45,4
2-
-1,
53-
12
--
-20
2,15
--
--
Ekof
isk
Jun-
0037
,90
2,20
6,50
1,60
7,00
-93
1824
208,
1650
3,62
1 - 2
0,35
El H
ajeb
Aug
-91
31,2
0-
--
--1
8-
--
2018
,50
408,
15-
-El
Sha
rara
Apr
-98
43,2
0-
-1,
452,
36-6
0-
-17
-220
3,02
402,
07-
-El
ang
Jun-
0156
,90
--
4,85
6,00
-63
-8
1420
1,12
400,
89<1
-Em
eral
dA
ug-9
323
,10
1,20
--
--1
8-
--
2076
,73
4032
,40
--
Emili
o 7
Oct
-90
8,60
--
0,36
-3
--
--
--
--
-Eo
cene
Jan-
0019
,00
--
0,40
3,77
-45
-6
1420
336,
0040
102,
001,
00X
-Es
Sid
erD
ec-9
336
,60
5,60
6,12
1,70
6,61
09
2629
2010
,50
406,
014
- 82
X0,
06
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
47
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SD
onan
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
0C
and
botto
m w
ashi
ng m
ay b
e re
quire
d.D
orty
olN
o H
eat
No
Hea
t-
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
Dra
ugen
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1D
ubai
Exp
ort
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1D
uc (D
anis
h)N
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.D
ulan
g-
5050
A5
B5
Dur
i-
4045
A5
B5
Dur
war
dN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
Dut
ch O
ffsh
ore
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
E4 (B
altic
)-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.E4
Hea
vy-
4040
A5
B5
E4 L
ight
-40
40A
5B
5Ea
Ble
nd25
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
East
Tex
as-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Ea
st Z
eit
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Ebom
eN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
Egiz
iano
Tem
sah 4
(Con
dens
ate)
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Ekof
isk
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1El
Haj
eb-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.El
Sha
rara
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1El
ang
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1Em
eral
d-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Em
ilio
7-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Eo
cene
4040
40A
1B
1H
eatin
g is
requ
ired
to re
duce
vis
cosi
ty.
Es S
ider
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
48
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)Es
cala
nte
Apr
-01
23,4
02,
00-
0,20
10,9
2-6
721
2440
270,
0060
101,
001
X-
Escr
avos
Dec
-95
34,5
01,
604,
301,
058,
50-1
27
2328
304,
5650
3,08
0,1
-Es
poir
Sep-
0232
,70
--
0,90
4,94
-3-
1622
2011
,81
406,
09<2
-Et
ame
Mar
inA
pr-0
335
,1-
-0,
8524
,027
-48
-40
20,3
--
<2-
Ezza
ouia
May
-01
39,5
02,
60-
0,70
25,2
730
-38
4150
4,55
603,
72-
X0,
04F3
Con
dens
ate
Feb-
9864
,60
--
7,00
0,33
<-63
--
-20
0,82
400,
68-
-Fi
feM
ay-0
237
,00
--
1,80
6,87
-21
020
2120
7,36
404,
33<1
-
Flot
ta M
ixA
pr-9
936
,90
9,70
9,80
2,75
6,75
-46
-321
2720
7,07
403,
261
- 7X
-Fo
inav
enJu
n-00
26,1
00,
90-
0,00
7,46
-18
921
-20
64,4
040
22,7
01
X-
Forc
ados
Ble
ndJu
l-97
29,7
01,
705,
900,
655,
84-3
6-4
1517
2010
,82
405,
621
X0,
14Fo
rooz
anD
ec-9
531
,40
--
1,25
4,82
-42
-10
1620
15,0
040
8,17
-X
-Fo
rth C
entra
lA
pr-9
219
,00
--
--
-18
--
-20
427,
5440
105,
20-
-Fo
rties
Ble
ndFe
b-03
44,4
05,
806,
802,
806,
73-1
85
1925
203,
0840
2,09
<2X
0,53
Fost
erto
nM
ay-9
723
,80
--
0,80
1,23
-51
-2
2720
110,
5040
42,5
0-
-Fu
lmar
Nov
-93
40,4
07,
408,
703,
105,
85-1
83
23-
204,
4740
2,81
2,0
-
Furia
lJu
l-94
28,7
54,
30-
0,96
--1
8-
--
2018
,70
3012
,90
<1,0
0,19
Gag
gian
oM
ar-9
236
,40
--
1,42
--1
8 -
--
2010
,22
--
--
Gag
liano
Jun-
9366
,76
--
2,74
-<
-36
--
-20
0,63
--
--
Gal
eota
Mix
Nov
-99
36,6
0-
-0,
806,
720
-18
2420
4,81
402,
742
-G
eisu
mSe
p-92
18,6
53,
40-
0,28
6,15
321
2945
3076
7,00
4033
7,00
--
Gel
aJu
n-93
14,5
6-
-0,
21-
-9
--
--
--
--
-G
erag
aiN
ov-0
148
,20
--
2,45
7,58
-42
-20
-20
1,82
401,
26<2
-
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
49
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SEs
cala
nte
-50
50A
7B
2Es
crav
osN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A3/
A2
B3/
B2
Espo
irN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
Etam
e M
arin
50
50
45
45
-A
4B
2Ez
zaou
ia40
5757
A6
B6
See
com
men
ts 'A
nnex
C'.
F3 C
onde
nsat
eN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
Non
eN
one
Wax
con
tent
ver
y lo
w.
CO
W w
ith th
is cr
ude
may
resu
lt in
hig
h ta
nk p
ress
ures
.Fi
feN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
20
Can
d bo
ttom
was
hing
may
be
requ
ired.
Flot
ta M
ixN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
See
com
men
ts 'A
nnex
C'.
Foin
aven
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
20A
4/A
2B
2Fo
rcad
os B
lend
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1Fo
rooz
anN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Forth
Cen
tral
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Forti
es B
lend
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1Fo
ster
ton
-30
50A
2B
2Fu
lmar
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
0C
and
botto
m w
ashi
ng m
ay b
e re
quire
d.Fu
rial
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Gag
gian
o-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.G
aglia
no-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.G
aleo
ta M
ixN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
Hea
ting
may
be
requ
ired
with
col
d am
bien
t con
ditio
ns to
pre
vent
wax
layd
own.
Gei
sum
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 3
0C
and
botto
m w
ashi
ng m
ay b
e re
quire
d.G
ela
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Ger
agai
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1H
eatin
g m
ay b
e re
quire
d w
ith c
old
ambi
ent c
ondi
tions
to p
reve
nt w
ax la
ydow
n. A
full
botto
m w
ash
may
be
requ
ired
but b
e aw
are
of v
apou
r los
s and
hig
h ta
nkpr
essu
res.
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
50
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)G
erm
an L
ocal
Jul-0
226
,70
--
0,50
16,0
59
-20
2760
38,5
510
013
,19
--
Gia
uron
eA
pr-9
112
,90
--
0,30
--1
2 -
--
200,
00-
--
-G
ipps
land
Ble
ndJu
n-03
48,7
03,
40-
1,44
16,7
2-1
2-
2734
201,
7040
1,34
1,0
0,15
Gira
ssol
Jan-
0231
,10
2,70
-1,
095,
81-2
4-
1819
2019
,94
409,
77<2
-G
litne
Sep-
0132
,20
--
1,10
7,15
3-
2325
3012
,83
507,
42<1
-G
ombe
Mar
inM
ar-9
223
,00
4,90
--
--1
8-
--
2031
5,86
4095
,60
--
Gor
m B
lend
Dec
-97
35,5
0-
-2,
402,
31-4
2-3
70
1520
6,49
403,
98<0
,2-
Gra
nd Is
leO
ct-9
733
,55
--
0,50
2,76
-21
-69
1920
12,7
340
6,66
--
Gra
neO
ct-0
319
,10
0,50
-0,
151,
10-3
0-
17-
2036
1,10
4096
,44
--
Grif
finM
ay-0
154
,00
--
2,70
2,58
-30
--5
-220
1,30
401,
01<1
-G
rotta
mm
are
Gas
olin
aFe
b-93
56,9
2-
-2,
61-
< -3
6-
--
200,
93-
--
-G
ryph
onA
pr-0
323
,00
0,00
-0,
001,
00-5
4-3
9-3
2-8
2018
2,83
4053
,40
<2-
Gul
f of S
uez
Apr
-00
29,9
02,
705,
501,
1510
,03
-910
28-
3014
,65
508,
23<1
X0,
29
Gul
lfaks
'A'
Jul-0
136
,80
--
2,00
5,08
-21
-16
1820
6,97
404,
16<1
-G
ullfa
ks 'C
'D
ec-0
136
,50
4,40
7,10
1,75
5,76
-15
-17
2130
5,03
503,
34-
-H
andi
lA
ug-0
243
,00
4,00
6,20
1,10
4,50
-27
3019
-20
1,86
--
0,0
-H
anze
Mar
-03
39,2
0-
-3,
102,
00-4
2-
-63
303,
9950
2,87
<2-
Har
ding
Jul-0
220
,70
--
0,05
0,98
-45
--2
61
3012
4,00
5043
,20
<2-
Haw
tah
May
-92
50,2
06,
70-
--
-18
--
-20
1,87
401,
41-
-H
eidr
unA
ug-0
327
,00
2,13
-0,
42,
5-6
0-1
80
120
25,8
050
8,83
<2-
Hel
m B
lend
Jun-
9828
,85
--
0,35
6,61
-96
2530
2078
,90
4027
,05
--
Hib
erni
aSe
p-00
35,3
03,
606,
101,
158,
69-1
1325
2940
5,19
603,
411
-H
igh
Isla
ndJu
n-98
37,5
0-
-0,
953,
69-1
2-
810
206,
2940
3,56
--
Hud
son
Aug
-93
33,3
04,
208,
101,
655,
810
722
3030
7,99
504,
65-
-
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
51
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SG
erm
an L
ocal
2525
25A
4/A
2B
4/B
2Th
is c
rude
oil
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Gia
uron
e-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.G
ipps
land
Ble
nd-
2020
A7/
A2
B7/
B2
Gira
ssol
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
4/A
2B
4/B
2G
litne
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2H
eatin
g m
ay b
e re
quire
d w
ith c
old
ambi
ent c
ondi
tions
to p
reve
nt w
ax la
ydow
n.G
ombe
Mar
in-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.G
orm
Ble
ndN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Gra
nd Is
leN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Gra
ne30
3030
A1
B1
Grif
finN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Gro
ttam
mar
e G
asol
ina
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Gry
phon
-25
25A
1B
1G
ulf o
f Sue
zN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A8
B3
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. L
oade
d te
mpe
ratu
resh
ould
be
mai
ntai
ned.
Gul
lfaks
'A'
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1G
ullfa
ks 'C
'N
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Han
dil
-N
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
2R
epor
ted
prop
ertie
s var
y co
nsid
erab
ly.
Han
zeN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Har
ding
-N
o H
eat
30A
1B
1Th
is c
rude
requ
ires h
eatin
g fo
r vis
cosi
ty re
duct
ion.
Haw
tah
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Hei
drun
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1H
elm
Ble
nd-
3030
A2
B2
Hib
erni
a25
2525
A4/
A3
B3/
B2
This
cru
de o
il m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s.H
igh
Isla
ndN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
Hud
son
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
8B
3/B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
5C
may
be
requ
ired.
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
52
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)H
ydra
Apr
-91
38,6
5-
-1,
378,
573
924
2620
7,41
404,
35-
-
Hz
26M
ar-9
137
,40
--
0,09
-33
-
--
--
--
--
Ima
Feb-
0145
,20
--
2,45
14,4
315
-26
3240
1,72
601,
35<1
-In
tan
Jun-
9030
,00
--
-40
,50
48-
5354
5038
,50
8011
,85
--
Iran
ian
Hea
vyD
ec-9
630
,35
6,00
-1,
606,
50-3
6-1
816
2120
16,8
340
8,51
1 - 5
8X
0,15
Iran
ian
Ligh
tM
ay-0
233
,60
5,97
7,00
1,50
6,50
-32
-920
2120
11,2
940
5,74
0,1
X0,
17Ir
min
ioJu
l-93
33,1
1-
-1,
33-
0 -
--
2015
,76
--
--
Isis
Apr
-02
35,0
0-
-0,
8510
,88
6-
2528
405,
4260
3,49
<2-
Isth
mus
Mar
-02
32,7
04,
406,
901,
154,
88-3
9-
614
2012
,79
406,
8315
0X
-Ja
biru
Jun-
9842
,30
4,00
4,50
1,65
11,9
515
-21
2620
3,67
402,
32-
-
Jack
son
Jan-
9743
,65
1,20
8,30
0,85
22,7
015
2424
3920
3,93
402,
62-
-Ja
rn Y
apho
urM
ay-9
551
,90
--
2,95
3,44
-54
-1
730
1,13
500,
89-
-
Jotu
nJu
n-03
37,7
03,
90-
1,43
-10
--
-20
8,43
404,
60-
-K
aji S
emog
aJu
n-01
38,1
0-
-1,
8016
,05
18-
34-
403,
3360
2,36
<1-
Kal
ingr
adM
ay-9
341
,00
--
1,95
6,69
-6-
18-
206,
6840
3,91
--
Kar
acha
gana
kO
ct-0
345
,40
--
2,50
6,00
-60
-20
-20
2,38
--
21,0
X-
Kat
apa
Feb-
9148
,95
2,90
-1,
800,
91-5
4-2
5-2
7-3
201,
3130
1,13
--
Ker
apu
Mar
-98
46,5
0-
-0,
8025
,00
30-
3742
404,
2560
2,64
--
Kha
fjiJa
n-99
28,0
06,
407,
801,
555,
73-5
7-2
114
1720
46,4
040
18,7
3<1
-K
iam
eD
ec-9
829
,30
--
1,75
9,00
3-
2229
2025
,65
4012
,57
0,6
-K
irkuk
Jun-
9935
,05
5,00
6,90
1,05
5,06
-45
-15
1619
2010
,78
405,
765
X-
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
53
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SH
ydra
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
5C
may
be
requ
ired.
Hz
26-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Im
a30
3030
A8
B8/
B7
Inta
n-
6060
A5
B5
Iran
ian
Hea
vyN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A3/
A2
B3/
B2
Iran
ian
Ligh
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
See
com
men
ts 'A
nnex
C'.
Irm
inio
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Isis
3030
30A
4B
4/B
2Is
thm
usN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Jabi
ru-
2525
A3/
A2
B3/
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
30
Cm
ay b
e re
quire
d.Ja
ckso
n-
3535
A4
B4
Jarn
Yap
hour
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 3
0C
may
be
requ
ired.
Jotu
n-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.K
aji S
emog
a35
3535
A7
B7
Kal
ingr
adN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
20
Can
d bo
ttom
was
hing
may
be
requ
ired.
Kar
acha
gana
kN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Kat
apa
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1K
erap
u-
4545
A8
B3
Kha
fjiN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2/
B1
Kia
me
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
4B
3/B
2K
irkuk
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
4/A
1B
2Th
is c
rude
is a
ffec
ted
by a
mbi
ent c
ondi
tions
, esp
ecia
lly se
a te
mpe
ratu
re.
Hea
ting
durin
g w
inte
r mon
ths w
ill b
e ne
eded
. H
eat t
o 25
C o
r mai
ntai
n lo
aded
tem
pera
ture
(whi
chev
er is
gre
ater
). B
otto
m w
ashi
ng m
ay b
e re
quire
d.
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
54
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)K
itina
Jun-
0036
,69
--
1,15
-0
-21
-20
5,05
--
--
Kitt
iwak
eJu
n-03
40,2
05,
206,
802,
10-
-18
--
-20
5,70
403,
43-
-K
ole
Mar
ine
Ble
ndA
pr-0
331
,60
4,50
5,80
0,85
5,85
-21
-920
2920
13,3
940
7,22
10,
30
Kui
toJa
n-03
20,0
0-
-0,
103,
50-4
2-
219
2035
2,00
4095
,30
<1X
-K
umko
lN
ov-9
939
,83
--
1,60
15,9
815
-28
3330
5,53
503,
29<1
-K
utub
uJu
n-03
44,4
07,
10-
2,80
9,12
-16
1827
202,
0240
1,49
--
Kuw
ait E
xpor
tD
ec-9
630
,50
6,40
7,40
1,40
8,00
-57
-15
517
3013
,54
409,
961
- 5X
-K
yle
Apr
-01
37,4
0-
-1,
407,
01-6
-21
2440
4,34
602,
93<1
-K
yzyl
orda
Sep-
0038
,20
--
1,05
14,8
121
-29
3330
6,77
503,
949
-La
buan
Jun-
9531
,60
2,20
-0,
5010
,00
924
2023
204,
4740
2,86
--
Lago
med
ioN
ov-9
232
,35
4,60
4,90
1,11
4,66
-40
-26
016
2016
,80
3012
,20
-0,
20La
gotre
coFe
b-95
31,4
03,
704,
300,
934,
09-3
9-2
112
1520
18,0
030
12,4
0-
0,14
Lago
treco
Med
iano
Jul-9
422
,02
3,80
-0,
61-
-34
-21
2367
2013
8,38
5038
,96
--
Lala
ngN
ov-9
339
,10
--
0,55
29,7
330
3240
4540
7,37
604,
70-
-La
min
aria
Apr
-99
60,0
--
2,95
1,0
-54
--1
-20
1,05
--
--
Lava
n B
lend
Mar
-97
33,8
5-
-2,
155,
50-3
0-2
43
1820
9,43
405,
60-
-Le
adon
Apr
-02
17,8
0-
-0,
001,
06-3
0-
-75
4017
0,40
6055
,40
<2-
Lege
ndre
Jun-
0143
,00
--
1,80
9,25
12-
1824
202,
5140
1,75
<1-
Leon
aO
ct-9
223
,20
3,00
3,50
0,55
3,31
-45
-36
1221
4039
,10
6018
,30
--
Ligh
t Lou
isia
na S
wee
tJu
l-98
36,3
5-
-0,
953,
30-2
4-1
58
1620
5,62
403,
54-
-Li
koua
laA
pr-8
932
,00
--
0,82
-9
--
--
--
--
-Li
onJu
l-94
36,0
0-
--
-18
--
--
--
--
-
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
55
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SK
itina
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
t-
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Kitt
iwak
e-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.K
ole
Mar
ine
Ble
ndN
o H
eat
No
Hea
t25
A4/
A2
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
25
Can
d bo
ttom
was
hing
may
be
requ
ired.
Kui
to-
3030
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
Kum
kol
3030
30A
4/A
2B
2K
utub
uN
o H
eat
2020
A2
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
25
Can
d bo
ttom
was
hing
may
be
requ
ired.
How
ever
, be
awar
e of
the
rela
tivel
y hi
ghga
s con
tent
.K
uwai
t Exp
ort
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1K
yle
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2Th
is c
rude
oil
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Kyz
ylor
da30
3030
A8
B8/
B7
Labu
an-
3030
A8
B8/
B7
Lago
med
ioN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Lago
treco
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
0C
and
botto
m w
ashi
ng m
ay b
e re
quire
d.La
gotre
co M
edia
no-
3030
A2
B2
Lala
ng-
4545
A4
B4
Lam
inar
iaN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Lava
n B
lend
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1Le
adon
4040
50A
1B
1H
eatin
g re
quire
d to
redu
ce v
isco
sity
.Le
gend
re25
2525
A2
B2
Leon
aN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
20
Cm
ay b
e re
quire
d.Li
ght L
ouis
iana
Sw
eet
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1Li
koua
la-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Li
on-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
56
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)Li
u H
uaSe
p-96
22,8
0-
-0,
0012
,00
6-
224
4078
,20
6032
,30
--
Live
rpoo
l Bay
Ble
ndJa
n-99
44,7
0-
-1,
9510
,09
-27
026
2920
4,87
402,
16-
X-
Lloy
dmin
ster
Jun-
9722
,50
--
0,70
1,02
-51
--5
2720
145,
5040
55,2
0-
-Lo
ango
Apr
-89
26,1
0-
-0,
52-
3 -
--
2019
5,80
--
--
Loke
leM
ar-9
320
,35
1,50
2,28
0,52
0,60
-51
-37
-53
2220
113,
1350
23,9
0<2
-Lo
reto
Jan-
0018
,30
--
--
-27
--
--
--
--
-Lu
feng
Nov
-98
32,5
00,
00-
0,00
38,0
040
4246
,00
48,0
050
16,5
260
12,0
3<1
-M
100
At R
esSe
p-99
14,8
0-
-0,
008,
8724
-33
3340
980,
0060
245,
00-
-M
acha
rJu
n-94
40,1
5-
-0,
80-
-3-
23-
207,
3840
3,52
--
Mak
atM
ar-0
034
,30
--
0,55
5,15
-21
-15
1630
12,2
350
6,52
2,00
-M
alam
paya
Oct
-93
30,0
--
--
6-
--
--
--
--
Mal
ampa
ya C
onde
nsat
eJu
l-01
52,5
--
--
-36
--
--
--
--
-M
alon
goN
ov-8
931
,50
--
0,56
-15
-
--
2062
,23
--
--
Mal
ossa
Jun-
8452
,50
--
0,60
--3
0 -
--
201,
34-
--
-M
andj
iM
ar-0
129
,30
6,20
-0,
809,
09-1
812
2729
3024
,90
5011
,73
<10,
50
Man
te A
lpi
Apr
-93
37,7
0-
-1,
61-
-24
--
-20
4,76
--
--
Mar
alag
oJu
n-98
20,9
0-
-0,
507,
00-1
8 -
19,0
028
,00
3018
9,50
4010
3,50
--
Mar
gham
Con
dens
ate
Feb-
0357
,40
11,4
0-
7,20
0,50
-60
-15
-25
820
0,80
--
<2-
Mar
ib L
ight
Jun-
9948
,40
8,40
-3,
104,
97-4
0-4
1933
201,
8040
1,37
-3,
70M
arlim
Sep-
9619
,89
--
0,31
2,5
-39
-28
-30
177
--
-X
-M
ars
Feb-
0230
,50
--
1,80
2,82
-39
-7
1020
17,6
840
9,53
--
Mas
aJu
l-99
43,2
0-
-1,
306,
09-2
4-
1219
203,
7240
2,41
3,10
-
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
57
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SLi
u H
ua30
3030
A8/
A7
B8/
B7
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
20
Cm
ay b
e re
quire
d.Li
verp
ool B
ay B
lend
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
5C
may
be
requ
ired.
Hig
h H
2S/M
erca
ptan
s.Ll
oydm
inst
er-
3050
A2
B2
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Lo
ango
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Loke
leN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Lore
to-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Lu
feng
5555
55A
5B
5M
100
At R
es-
--
--
Mac
har
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
5C
may
be
requ
ired.
Mak
atN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
Mal
ampa
ya-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.M
alam
paya
Con
dens
ate
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Mal
ongo
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Mal
ossa
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Man
dji
2525
25A
8/A
7B
8/B
7Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
5C
may
be
requ
ired.
Man
te A
lpi
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Mar
alag
o-
4057
A7
B7
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.M
argh
am C
onde
nsat
eN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
Non
e-
CO
W w
ith th
is c
rude
may
resu
lt in
hig
h ta
nk p
ress
ures
.M
arib
Lig
htN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Mar
lim30
3030
A1
B1
Mar
sN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Mas
aN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
58
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)M
asila
Dec
-02
31,4
01,
9012
,00
0,50
6,88
-99
2124
3011
,63
506,
39<2
X-
Mau
i Con
dens
ate
Sep-
9952
,50
--
2,40
1,76
<-60
-42
-50
-24
201,
0440
0,82
--
May
aFe
b-01
21,1
06,
206,
700,
554,
03-2
1-
1740
3016
1,50
5054
,80
108,
0X
1,70
McK
eeM
ar-0
144
,20
--
0,45
19,3
518
-25
3420
4,37
402,
74<1
-M
edan
itos
Jan-
9532
,95
3,20
4,50
0,82
--3
79
-20
24,9
040
9,95
--
Men
emot
aSe
p-93
18,8
5-
-0,
45-
-32
-24
22-
2025
8,29
5059
,93
--
Mer
eyN
ov-9
416
,60
0,20
1,70
0,15
1,71
-23
-18
139
2020
91,9
430
881,
0426
,0-
Mes
a 28
Dec
-90
27,3
0-
-0,
654,
82-2
4-
1620
2029
,55
4013
,14
--
Mes
a 30
Nov
-94
30,0
05,
605,
800,
785,
53-4
60
1523
2011
,90
505,
50-
-
Min
asJa
n-99
35,2
52,
302,
600,
3021
,41
-138
4245
4022
,55
608,
13-
-M
iri L
ight
Dec
-96
32,4
03,
30-
0,85
4,50
-96
1024
205,
0130
3,89
--
Mis
kar C
onde
nsat
eJu
l-01
54,2
0-
-3,
352,
16-2
1-
-58
-24
201,
0240
0,83
<1X
-
Mis
siss
ippi
Sou
rM
ay-0
239
,00
--
1,70
3,83
-63
-8
-20
4,66
403,
14-
-M
ittel
p D
ieks
and
Nov
-01
23,7
0-
--
--3
--
--
--
--
-M
ittel
p In
sel
Nov
-01
21,6
0-
--
--2
4-
--
--
--
--
Mou
diM
ay-0
136
,50
2,90
4,70
1,70
1,56
-63
--1
01
205,
1840
3,33
<1-
Mub
arek
Oct
-91
43,0
03,
20-
2,10
5,70
-24
-12
15-
201,
9130
1,63
--
Mud
iA
ug-9
838
,00
--
0,30
29,6
627
-40
4340
6,49
603,
67<0
,5-
Mur
ban
Jul-9
539
,90
1,60
4,40
1,43
6,17
-34
-12
1623
205,
4740
3,16
1 - 2
0X
0,21
Nan
hai
Jun-
9638
,80
--
0,70
25,5
024
3334
4240
6,36
604,
06-
-N
emba
Jun-
0038
,50
3,00
-2,
258,
004
923
2720
5,57
403,
33-
-
Neu
quen
Rio
Neg
roJa
n-92
35,3
0-
-1,
055,
69-3
-19
2020
11,1
540
6,07
--
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
59
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SM
asila
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2/B
1Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
5C
may
be
requ
ired.
Mau
i Con
dens
ate
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
May
a30
3030
A8/
A7
B5
Was
hing
with
May
a is
pos
sibl
e. S
lop
tank
may
requ
ire h
eatin
g. S
ee c
omm
ents
'Ann
ex C
', H
igh
H2S
.M
cKee
-45
45A
8B
8/B
7M
edan
itos
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1M
enem
ota
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Mer
ey-
5757
A1
B1
Mes
a 28
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
5C
may
be
requ
ired.
Mes
a 30
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
5C
may
be
requ
ired.
Min
as38
5050
A5
B5
Was
hing
with
Min
as is
pos
sibl
e. S
lop
tank
will
requ
ire h
eatin
g.M
iri L
ight
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1M
iska
r Con
dens
ate
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
t-
-W
ashi
ng w
ith th
is g
rade
may
cau
se u
nacc
epta
bly
high
tank
pre
ssur
es. S
eeco
mm
ents
'Ann
ex A
'.M
issi
ssip
pi S
our
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
1M
ittel
p D
ieks
and
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Mitt
elp
Inse
l-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.M
oudi
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1M
ubar
ekN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
Mud
i-
4545
A5
B5
Mur
ban
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1N
anha
i-
4545
A7
B7
Nem
baN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
30
Cm
ay b
e re
quire
d. U
sed
as w
ash
med
ium
if lo
aded
with
Cab
inda
.N
euqu
en R
io N
egro
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
60
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)N
ile B
lend
May
-99
34,9
0-
-0,
0520
,26
36-
4249
4021
,35
6012
,51
--
Njo
rdM
ay-0
243
,70
6,40
-2,
356,
26-3
2-1
819
2020
3,36
402,
32<2
-N
'Kos
saSe
p-98
48,3
07,
05-
2,75
7,00
-12
1218
2120
2,76
401,
741
-N
orne
Dec
-01
32,7
0-
-0,
5011
,29
1821
3032
205,
9250
4,59
<1-
NW
She
lf C
onde
nsat
eM
ar-9
760
,30
6,10
-4,
950,
30-6
0-3
6-4
9-1
520
0,82
300,
73-
-O
dudu
Aug
-00
31,8
04,
00-
1,05
5,79
-33
1825
207,
5140
4,26
<1X
-O
guen
djo
Nov
-01
32,0
05,
007,
801,
559,
0212
-26
2830
14,8
150
7,98
<10,
30O
kono
Sep-
0341
,1-
-1,
249,
618
--
-20
2,7
401,
82-
0,13
Olm
eca
May
-94
39,1
52,
40-
1,68
5,72
-51
-32
815
204,
5050
2,50
2,0
-O
man
Exp
ort
Mar
-94
32,8
73,
704,
200,
843,
82-4
2-2
3-3
920
19,7
750
7,63
1 - 7
X-
Om
brin
aA
pr-9
021
,50
--
0,95
-<
-33
--
-20
89,3
4-
--
-O
nako
Jul-0
147
,23
--
2,55
7,40
-15
-20
2330
2,07
501,
56<1
-
Ona
ko M
ediu
mN
ov-9
838
,50
--
1,80
7,50
-24
-17
2020
5,76
403,
4130
X-
Orie
nte
Jan-
9328
,55
4,50
5,50
1,00
6,02
-12
-123
2720
34,7
040
15,0
5-
-
Ose
berg
Nov
-00
38,0
04,
845,
502,
154,
73-3
6-9
1520
304,
3650
2,94
<20,
32O
so C
onde
nsat
eJu
n-97
47,4
010
,90
11,3
05,
0710
,63
-918
2326
202,
0250
1,25
0,0
-
Ost
rica
Jun-
0034
,40
3,70
-1,
102,
60-3
9-2
13
420
8,47
404,
871,
0-
P15
(Dut
ch) C
onde
nsat
eFe
b-94
54,0
0-
-4,
351,
82-2
4-
-27
-20
1,07
400,
85-
-Pa
geru
ngan
Aug
-95
61,3
0-
-5,
650,
36<-
54-
<-60
-20
0,80
400,
65-
-Pa
lanc
aD
ec-9
637
,35
5,30
-1,
759,
00-1
59
2127
305,
2750
3,44
1 - 2
X0,
17
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
61
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SN
ile B
lend
5050
50A
7B
7Se
e co
mm
ents
'Ann
ex A
'.N
jord
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1Th
is c
rude
oil
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
N'K
ossa
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Nor
ne-
3030
A4
B8/
B7
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
35
Cm
ay b
e re
quire
d.N
W S
helf
Con
dens
ate
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Odu
duN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A4/
A2
B2
Ogu
endj
oN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A4/
A2
B2
Oko
no30
3030
--
Olm
eca
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1O
man
Exp
ort
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1O
mbr
ina
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Ona
koN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
25
Can
d bo
ttom
was
hing
may
be
requ
ired.
Ona
ko M
ediu
mN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
Orie
nte
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
5C
may
be
requ
ired.
Ose
berg
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1/A
2B
1/B
2O
so C
onde
nsat
eN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
Non
e-
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s so
botto
m w
ashi
ngm
ay b
e re
quire
d. H
owev
er, t
he g
as c
onte
nt is
ver
y hi
gh w
hich
may
lead
to v
apou
rlo
sses
and
hig
h ca
rgo
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Ost
rica
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1P1
5 (D
utch
) Con
dens
ate
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Page
rung
anN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
Non
e-
CO
W w
ith th
is c
rude
may
resu
lt in
hig
h ta
nk p
ress
ures
.Pa
lanc
a-
2525
A8
B7
May
be
was
hed
with
hea
ted
crud
e fr
om sl
op ta
nks (
10C
abo
ve c
arria
gete
mpe
ratu
re) o
r with
gas
oil
dilu
ent.
Suc
cess
of d
isch
arge
var
ies w
ith n
o ap
pare
ntpa
ttern
. Se
e co
mm
ents
'Ann
ex C
'.
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
62
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)Pe
nnin
gton
Lig
htA
pr-9
735
,75
--
0,80
5,45
-47
1520
205,
2940
3,31
-1,
30
Phet
Nov
-92
38,9
0-
--
--1
8-
--
2016
,02
407,
70-
-Pi
erce
May
-00
38,1
0-
-1,
357,
29-6
-20
2420
6,86
404,
142,
00-
Pilo
nD
ec-9
413
,80
0,50
--
--3
--
--
--
--
-Pi
stic
ciM
ar-9
49,
42-
-0,
17-
9 -
--
--
--
--
Pose
idon
Dec
-99
31,3
0-
-1,
653,
04-3
0-
-24
2015
,80
408,
35-
-Pr
ezio
soFe
b-90
19,0
0-
-0,
09-
6 -
--
2015
64,0
0-
--
-Pr
inos
Ble
ndD
ec-9
727
,90
--
1,50
13,0
0-4
5-9
2833
3017
,20
--
--
Prin
os N
orth
Mar
-97
20,8
0-
-0,
558,
50-2
1-1
223
3930
29,5
540
19,0
3-
-Q
atar
Con
dens
ate
(Nor
th F
ield
)Ju
n-99
58,1
09,
80-
2,71
0,52
-54
--3
4-1
320
1,05
400,
83-
-Q
atar
Exp
ort (
Qat
ar L
and)
Dec
-92
41,0
58,
0010
,20
3,19
5,07
-49
-911
1320
3,56
502,
20>2
00X
-Q
atar
Mar
ine
Nov
-98
34,4
03,
006,
501,
156,
53-3
9-1
26
2020
11,6
540
6,50
>200
X-
Qin
Hua
ng D
aoN
ov-0
116
,60
--
0,00
5,70
-12
-4
2040
836,
0060
211,
70-
-Q
ua Ib
oeA
ug-0
336
,70
1,40
7,40
1,36
7,50
713
2127
208,
3040
3,62
1 - 8
0,18
Rab
i Ble
ndJu
n-00
34,1
02,
50-
0,07
-17
,8-
29-
--
--
--
Rab
i Lig
htJu
n-00
34,8
02,
50-
0,60
18,0
83
2941
-20
90,5
040
14,6
0-
-R
agus
ano
Aug
-93
19,5
6-
-0,
29-
-6
-34
-20
850,
40-
--
-R
ang
Don
gSe
p-98
39,9
0-
-1,
1526
,50
33-
3542
406,
6560
3,62
<1-
Ras
Bud
ran
Oct
-94
24,7
05,
406,
101,
105,
79-1
20
2531
2011
1,89
3062
,26
--
Ras
El B
ahar
Ble
ndO
ct-9
136
,30
--
1,71
--3
-
--
--
--
--
Ras
Gar
raA
pr-9
232
,10
--
1,05
-9
--
-20
81,0
5-
--
-R
as G
harib
Nov
-01
22,0
00,
504,
200,
4511
,11
110
2934
3010
2,00
5037
,05
<2-
Ras
Laf
fan
Oct
-99
55,7
0-
-3,
551,
17-3
0-
-89
-16
201,
0740
0,87
--
Ras
Gas
Con
dens
ate
Jun-
0055
,40
7,30
-3,
74-
-31
--
-20
1,16
400,
90-
-
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
63
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SPe
nnin
gton
Lig
htN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
25
Cm
ay b
e re
quire
d.Ph
et-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Pi
erce
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2Th
is c
rude
oil
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Pilo
n-
5757
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Pi
stic
ci-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Po
seid
onN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Prez
ioso
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Prin
os B
lend
-30
30A
8B
3Pr
inos
Nor
th-
3535
A8
B3/
B2
Qat
ar C
onde
nsat
e (N
orth
Fie
ld)
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Qat
ar E
xpor
t (Q
atar
Lan
d)N
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Qat
ar M
arin
eN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Qin
Hua
ng D
ao60
6060
A5
B5
Hea
ting
requ
ired
to re
duce
vis
cosi
ty.
Qua
Iboe
-N
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
8/A
3B
3/B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
5C
may
be
requ
ired.
Rab
i Ble
nd-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.R
abi L
ight
-45
45A
3B
3R
agus
ano
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Ran
g D
ong
-45
45A
8B
8R
as B
udra
nN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
30
Cm
ay b
e re
quire
d.R
as E
l Bah
ar B
lend
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Ras
Gar
ra-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.R
as G
harib
-30
30A
3B
3R
as L
affa
nN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
--
Was
hing
with
this
gra
de m
ay c
ause
una
ccep
tabl
y hi
gh ta
nk p
ress
ures
.R
asG
as C
onde
nsat
e-
--
--
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
64
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)R
ataw
iJa
n-00
24,0
04,
504,
601,
056,
75-2
1-
1319
2093
,10
4033
,45
1X
-R
hem
oura
Dec
-96
32,0
0-
-1,
056,
53-2
43
2527
3012
,26
409,
04-
-
Rijn
Aug
-90
34,8
0-
-0,
608,
703
-26
2930
9,25
505,
28-
-
Rim
al K
atib
Jul-9
137
,20
--
0,19
-43
-
--
--
--
--
Rin
con
de lo
s sau
cM
ay-9
435
,30
3,10
-0,
59-
-9-
18-
2010
,16
503,
91-
-R
omas
hkin
o (U
rals
Lig
ht)
Aug
-95
33,5
26,
00-
1,50
4,59
-12
113
3120
15,1
040
8,34
--
Ros
po d
i Mar
eM
ar-9
411
,94
0,70
-0,
41-
-1
1291
-20
1253
1,65
4015
05,0
0-
-R
oss
Oct
-99
38,8
0-
-1,
958,
483
-25
27-
--
-2,
0-
Rub
yM
ay-9
935
,70
10,0
0-
0,80
22,0
030
-36
3940
8,40
604,
570,
9-
Rus
sian
Con
dens
ate
Feb-
0144
,50
--
1,34
3,50
-45
-10
,00
-20
1,61
--
320
X-
Rus
sian
Exp
ort B
lend
Sabl
e Is
land
Con
dens
ate
Jun-
0051
,40
5,50
-1,
42-
-54
--
-20
0,89
400,
72-
-Sa
hara
n B
lend
Mar
-01
45,7
06,
4010
,50
3,10
2,78
-59
-18
19
302,
0950
1,61
<1X
0,28
Saja
a C
onde
nsat
eD
ec-9
257
,50
--
5,85
0,58
-45
--1
7-1
020
0,76
400,
67-
-Sa
ladi
nM
ay-9
348
,15
--
1,85
2,63
-39
-18
-51
201,
7130
1,47
--
Sam
gori
Dec
-97
37,6
0-
-0,
508,
509
-23
2820
5,64
304,
30-
-
San
Ben
edet
to G
asol
ina
Mar
-93
27,8
5-
-0,
00-
< -3
6-
--
204,
77-
--
-Sa
n Jo
aqui
n V
alle
yM
ay-8
815
,10
1,60
-0,
39-
-21
-62
-20
3701
,17
5023
6,60
--
San
Salv
o G
asol
ina
Feb-
8773
,30
--
7,86
-0
--
-20
0,53
--
--
San
Seba
stia
nM
ar-0
069
,10
--
4,75
0,00
-60
--7
2-6
020
0,67
400,
55<1
-Sa
nta
Bar
bara
Jan-
9733
,70
--
0,95
5,12
-21
-20
2430
5,62
503,
60-
-Sa
rago
Mar
-90
11,4
0-
-0,
21-
-15
--
--
--
--
-Sa
rago
1M
ar-9
18,
20-
-0,
30-
0 9
--
--
--
--
Sara
tov
Oct
-03
41,6
--
2,16
11,0
-3-
25-
204,
92-
-<5
-
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
65
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SR
ataw
iN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A4/
A2
B2
Prev
ious
ly W
afra
Rat
awi.
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.R
hem
oura
3030
30A
3/A
2B
3/B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
0C
and
botto
m w
ashi
ng m
ay b
e re
quire
d.R
ijnN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A3/
A2
B3/
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
30
Cm
ay b
e re
quire
d.R
imal
Kat
ib-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.R
inco
n de
los s
auc
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
3B
3R
omas
hkin
o (U
rals
Lig
ht)
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1R
ospo
di M
are
-57
57A
5B
5R
oss
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
3B
3R
uby
-40
40A
7B
7R
ussi
an C
onde
nsat
eN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
--
CO
W w
ith th
is c
rude
may
resu
lt in
hig
h ta
nk p
ress
ures
.R
ussi
an E
xpor
t Ble
ndSe
e U
rals
.Sa
ble
Isla
nd C
onde
nsat
e-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Sa
hara
n B
lend
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1Sa
jaa
Con
dens
ate
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Sala
din
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1Sa
mgo
riN
o H
eat
2525
A3
B3/
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
25
Cm
ay b
e re
quire
d.Sa
n B
ened
etto
Gas
olin
aN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
Non
e-
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Sa
n Jo
aqui
n V
alle
y-
5757
A5
B5
San
Salv
o G
asol
ina
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
San
Seba
stia
nN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Was
hing
with
this
gra
de m
ay c
ause
una
ccep
tabl
y hi
gh ta
nk p
ress
ures
.Sa
nta
Bar
bara
No
Hea
t25
25A
8/A
7B
3/B
2Sa
rago
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Sara
go 1
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Sara
tov
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
-A
4B
4/B
2
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
66
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)Sa
rirA
ug-0
237
,10
5,00
-1,
8518
,84
2427
3637
506,
6310
02,
85<2
X0,
08Sc
hieh
allio
nA
pr-0
325
,50
--
0,20
7,00
-612
2126
2050
,80
4017
,26
<2-
Sedg
ewic
kN
ov-9
321
,40
--
--
-18
--
-20
119,
5140
36,9
0-
-Se
digi
Feb-
9046
,50
5,90
--
--1
8-
--
202,
0540
1,48
--
Sem
bila
ngA
ug-9
436
,00
--
0,30
35,5
842
-39
4750
13,5
460
8,15
--
Sem
eSe
p-90
22,7
51,
70-
0,40
3,46
-40
-21
1322
2014
7,39
3083
,83
--
Seni
pah
Con
dens
ate
Aug
-01
52,4
0-
-3,
551,
01-6
3-
-52
-38
200,
9140
0,73
<1-
Seria
Lig
htSe
p-02
36,3
64,
30-
1,45
6,00
913
1719
202,
7040
1,80
--
Shar
jah
Con
dens
ate
Jan-
9364
,00
--
5,50
--4
0-
-26
-20
3,37
501,
84-
-Sh
ell D
elta
Jun-
0036
,60
--
1,35
3,96
-24
-1
820
6,67
403,
88-
-Sh
engl
iJa
n-91
24,7
56,
00-
0,29
13,2
121
3032
3720
937,
5050
50,3
0-
-Sh
ukhe
ir G
amm
aO
ct-9
141
,50
--
2,15
-0
--
-20
4,30
--
--
Sibe
rian
Ligh
tSe
p-95
35,5
86,
00-
1,35
5,56
-60
1625
208,
7840
5,00
-X
-
Siri
(Nor
th S
ea)
Mar
-00
37,3
04,
44-
2,55
8,29
36
2334
305,
5550
3,51
1-
Sirr
i (Ir
an)
Oct
-99
32,1
0-
-1,
506,
18-1
2-
1719
2011
,15
405,
88<1
-Si
rtica
Ble
ndSe
p-94
40,2
57,
40-
1,67
7,31
-63
2226
205,
6630
4,38
1 - 3
3X
0,15
Skua
Apr
-93
42,0
05,
50-
1,70
10,7
69
1320
2620
3,42
402,
14-
-
Slei
pner
Con
dens
ate
Feb-
0359
,80
4,82
8,70
5,43
<3<-
54-2
6-1
9-6
200,
7550
0,57
--
Soro
osh
Jan-
0320
,0-
-0,
967,
5-2
7-
41-
4015
7-
--
-So
uedi
eO
ct-0
324
,55,
806,
501,
444,
00-4
2-2
421
-20
77,5
030
47,8
0>3
2X
0,15
Sout
h A
rne
Oct
-00
37,7
1-
-2,
657,
080
-21
2420
7,47
404,
23<1
-
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
67
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SSa
rir32
4040
A8/
A7
B7
Schi
ehal
lion
-25
25A
7B
7Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons o
r on
long
voy
ages
. H
eatin
g to
30
C m
ay b
e re
quire
d. C
OW
may
nee
d to
be
incr
ease
d.Se
dgew
ick
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Sedi
gi-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Se
mbi
lang
-57
57A
5B
5Se
me
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1Se
nipa
h C
onde
nsat
eN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
--
Was
hing
with
this
gra
de m
ay c
ause
una
ccep
tabl
y hi
gh ta
nk p
ress
ures
.Se
ria L
ight
-25
25A
2B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
5C
may
be
requ
ired.
Shar
jah
Con
dens
ate
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Shel
l Del
taN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Shen
gli
3845
45A
5B
5Sh
ukhe
ir G
amm
a-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Si
beria
n Li
ght
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
5C
may
be
requ
ired.
Siri
(Nor
th S
ea)
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2Th
is c
rude
oil
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Sirr
i (Ir
an)
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2Si
rtica
Ble
ndN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A7/
A2
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. S
lop
tank
s sho
uld
be h
eate
d to
25
C if
nec
essa
ry a
nd u
sed
for C
OW
.Sk
uaN
o H
eat
2525
A3/
A2
B3/
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. S
lop
tank
s sho
uld
be h
eate
d to
25
C if
nec
essa
ry a
nd u
sed
for C
OW
.Sl
eipn
er C
onde
nsat
eN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
Non
e-
CO
W w
ith th
is c
rude
may
resu
lt in
hig
h ta
nk p
ress
ures
.So
roos
hN
o H
eat
No
Hea
t-
A4/
A3
B3/
B2
Soue
die
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Slo
p ta
nks s
houl
dbe
hea
ted
to 2
5C
if n
eces
sary
and
use
d fo
r CO
W.
Sout
h A
rne
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2B
2Th
is c
rude
oil
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
68
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)So
uth
Pars
Con
dens
ate
Jun-
0256
,6-
--
--3
6-
--
--
--
--
Soyo
Jul-9
638
,70
5,90
-1,
5013
,00
1518
3035
404,
5360
3,02
-X
-Sp
ilam
berto
Gas
olin
aN
ov-9
258
,10
--
0,77
-0
--
-20
0,74
--
--
Stag
Feb-
9918
,40
--
0,00
0,56
-42
-30
-34
520
124,
0040
36,9
00,
4-
Stat
fjord
Apr
-02
39,4
34,
296,
602,
507,
10-1
86
2030
205,
5950
3,32
1,5
0,44
Sura
tJa
n-97
50,1
5-
-1,
0012
,39
<-60
1215
2820
3,01
402,
08-
-
Syria
n Li
ght
Dec
-01
37,8
03,
704,
271,
058,
80-1
09
2425
404,
1260
2,86
<2X
0,23
Tala
kans
kaya
Jan-
0335
,3-
-0,
992,
5-5
1-
-3-
2015
,3-
-<2
-Ta
ntaw
anJu
n-99
43,0
0-
-1,
6013
,99
-12
-28
3620
4,53
401,
88<0
,2-
Tapi
s Ble
ndJu
n-98
45,8
04,
807,
102,
1316
,35
16-
2533
203,
1840
2,39
0,0
-
Taze
rka
Dec
-95
32,0
54,
30-
0,50
3,37
-18
-12
1220
2013
,60
407,
52-
-Tc
hata
mba
Jan-
0143
,96
--
3,50
7,50
-69
2125
302,
5050
1,93
<1-
Tem
pa R
ossa
Jul-0
121
,60
--
1,10
4,45
-36
-16
3630
44,8
550
23,4
5-
-Te
mpa
Ros
sa 2
Teng
izA
pr-9
746
,60
--
3,00
5,63
-21
-18
2020
2,21
401,
5075
,0X
-Te
reng
ganu
Oct
-94
47,4
0-
-2,
2514
,42
12
-26
3030
2,19
501,
56-
-
Tere
ngga
nu C
onde
nsat
eJu
n-96
74,5
011
,90
-5,
40-
-54
--3
5-
200,
7540
0,50
--
Terr
a N
ova
Feb-
0232
,58
2,20
4,30
0,60
9,00
-94
2730
2019
,84
409,
01<2
-Th
amm
ama
'F' C
onde
nsat
eM
ay-9
051
,70
--
1,95
1,23
-21
--1
420
1,36
301,
19-
-Th
even
ard
Nov
-01
39,2
01,
20-
1,05
1,27
-63
-48
-16
-320
3,00
402,
07<2
-Ti
a Ju
ana
Ligh
tSe
p-94
31,9
53,
405,
000,
993,
64-4
2-2
43
620
23,8
030
16,4
0-
0,23
Tia
Juan
a Pe
sado
Apr
-01
11,2
00,
40-
0,00
--3
738
-40
3080
,00
6070
7,00
--
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
69
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SSo
uth
Pars
Con
dens
ate
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Soyo
-35
35A
8B
8/B
7Sp
ilam
berto
Gas
olin
a-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.St
agN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Stat
fjord
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Sura
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
Prio
r to
CO
W if
no
resi
dues
are
det
ecte
d C
OW
shou
ld b
e m
inim
ised
to p
reve
ntlo
sses
thro
ugh
vapo
ur e
mis
sion
s.Sy
rian
Ligh
t-
3030
A8/
A7
B8/
B7
This
cru
de is
aff
ecte
d by
am
bien
t con
ditio
ns, e
spec
ially
sea
tem
pera
ture
. H
eatin
gdu
ring
win
ter m
onth
s may
nee
d to
be
incr
ease
d. S
ee c
omm
ents
'Ann
ex C
'.Ta
laka
nska
yaN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Tant
awan
3535
35A
4B
4Ta
pis B
lend
-30
30A
5B
5Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 3
0C
may
be
requ
ired.
Taze
rka
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1Tc
hata
mba
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B1
Was
hing
with
this
gra
de m
ay c
ause
una
ccep
tabl
y hi
gh ta
nk p
ress
ures
. W
axla
ydow
n m
ay o
ccur
in c
old
cond
ition
s.Te
mpa
Ros
saN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
Tem
pa R
ossa
2Se
e Te
mpa
Ros
sa.
Teng
izN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
CO
W w
ith th
is c
rude
may
resu
lt in
hig
h ta
nk p
ress
ures
.Te
reng
ganu
-25
25A
2B
2Ex
cess
ive
heat
ing
and
CO
W w
ith th
is c
rude
may
resu
lt in
hig
h ta
nk p
ress
ures
and
loss
es.
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Te
reng
ganu
Con
dens
ate
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
one
-C
OW
with
this
cru
de m
ay re
sult
in h
igh
tank
pre
ssur
es.
Terr
a N
ova
2525
25A
3B
2Th
amm
ama
'F' C
onde
nsat
eN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
Non
e-
CO
W w
ith th
is c
rude
may
resu
lt in
hig
h ta
nk p
ress
ures
.Th
even
ard
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1Ti
a Ju
ana
Ligh
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Tia
Juan
a Pe
sado
5760
60A
5B
5
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
70
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)Ti
erra
Del
Fue
goM
ar-0
043
,20
5,60
-1,
956,
64-2
0-6
1923
203,
9140
2,46
<1-
Tona
Apr
-93
29,3
9-
-0,
32-
-9
--
-20
9,21
--
--
Topa
cio
Jun-
0326
,20
--
0,84
--3
7 -
--
2027
,53
4012
,83
--
Trito
nA
ug-0
039
,30
6,60
-2,
108,
66-6
-22
2630
4,60
503,
05<1
-Tr
oll
Feb-
0227
,10
--
0,40
2,22
-48
-33
-23
2024
,00
4011
,37
<1-
Turk
ish
Indi
geno
usJu
l-98
29,2
51,
10-
0,30
4,10
-18
-15
1415
2013
,68
407,
49-
-
Uda
ngM
ar-9
438
,05
--
0,15
34,0
035
3941
4660
6,55
804,
34-
-U
kpok
itiFe
b-01
41,7
05,
50-
1,40
11,3
512
1626
-30
2,74
501,
92<1
-U
mm
Sha
ifJa
n-00
37,2
04,
807,
001,
406,
07-3
0-9
18-
205,
9640
3,54
31X
-U
rals
(Bal
tic)
May
-01
32,2
0-
-1,
554,
26-1
8-
1215
2012
,10
406,
602,
00X
0,06
Ura
ls (B
lack
Sea
)M
ar-0
132
,50
--
1,40
7,42
-9-
21-
3010
,11
505,
972,
00X
0,06
Ura
ls H
eavy
(2)
Mar
-93
27,9
95,
12-
1,29
3,98
-24
-15
1723
2026
,65
4013
,43
-0,
06V
al d
'Agr
iM
ay-0
339
,0-
-3,
745,
0-3
9-
14-
203,
73-
-<5
X-
Var
ande
yJu
n-01
25,5
0-
-0,
952,
34-5
7-
17
2026
,90
4013
,04
9,00
X-
Var
anus
Apr
-02
47,3
0-
-2,
604,
71-2
4-
711
201,
7940
1,33
<2-
Var
gA
ug-0
136
,31
2,55
-1,
259,
2312
-25
2630
5,67
503,
54<1
-V
asco
nia
Jan-
0324
,9-
-0,
457,
0-6
-30
-30
38,9
--
<2-
Veg
aJu
n-95
18,3
0-
-0,
14-
-9
-670
-20
8371
,00
--
--
Vill
a Fo
rtuna
Mar
-96
43,2
0-
-2,
705,
88-3
6-
116
303,
2750
2,30
--
Vity
azJu
l-02
34,4
0-
--
--5
4 -
--
--
--
--
Wab
asca
Oct
-99
20,0
0-
-0,
652,
54-5
4-
-725
3012
0,50
5046
,15
--
Waf
ra R
ataw
iW
alio
Nov
-98
36,3
02,
503,
000,
5510
,04
-23
727
2820
7,37
403,
64<1
-
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
71
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
STi
erra
Del
Fue
goN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
25
Cm
ay b
e re
quire
d.To
na-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.To
paci
o-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Tr
iton
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
3B
3Th
is c
rude
oil
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Trol
lN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Turk
ish
Indi
geno
usN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
20
Cm
ay b
e re
quire
d.U
dang
-55
55A
5B
5U
kpok
iti30
3030
A8
B8/
B7
Um
m S
haif
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1U
rals
(Bal
tic)
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
1M
ay b
e ca
lled
Rus
sian
Exp
ort B
lend
. See
com
men
ts 'A
nnex
A'.
Ura
ls (B
lack
Sea
)N
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2
May
be
calle
d R
ussi
an E
xpor
t Ble
nd.
This
cru
de o
il m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. Se
e co
mm
ents
'Ann
ex A
'.U
rals
Hea
vy (2
)N
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
Val
d'A
gri
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
1V
aran
dey
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1V
aran
usN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B1
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.V
arg
2525
25A
4B
4V
asco
nia
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
4/A
2B
2V
ega
-57
57A
5B
5V
illa
Fortu
naN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
This
cru
de o
il m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s.V
ityaz
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Wab
asca
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
3B
2W
afra
Rat
awi
See
Rat
awi.
Wal
ioN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2
B2
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
25
Cm
ay b
e re
quire
d.
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
72
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)W
ando
oA
ug-9
719
,40
--
0,00
1,00
-42
-33
-52
-720
171,
0040
48,6
0-
-W
est D
eser
tA
ug-0
341
,0-
-2,
5513
,5-3
-33
-20
4,65
--
<5-
Wes
t Tex
as In
term
edia
teJa
n-02
39,8
07,
80-
0,95
4,74
-36
-18
1419
204,
9240
3,08
5,3
-W
est T
exas
Sou
rO
ct-8
632
,30
5,60
-1,
03-
-27
-12
17-
--
--
--
Wet
Yom
boW
idur
iM
ay-9
232
,80
--
0,05
44,9
143
4648
6350
24,6
160
16,4
1-
-W
oolly
butt
Jun-
0348
,60
2,30
-0,
24-
-43
--
-20
1,71
401,
25-
-W
ytch
Far
mJu
l-01
41,2
04,
609,
202,
006,
21-1
5-
1824
304,
5450
3,11
<1-
Xi X
iang
Oct
-97
32,2
0-
-0,
0021
,26
36-
4245
4022
,50
609,
51-
-
Yan
gaA
pr-8
929
,20
--
0,59
--6
-
--
2068
,94
--
--
Yiz
heng
Jan-
8528
,45
--
0,40
17,1
330
3341
4440
45,1
060
18,8
0-
-Y
me
May
-97
38,0
0-
-2,
257,
249
-24
2720
6,29
403,
66-
-
Yom
boSe
p-99
17,7
01,
80-
0,25
7,11
-9-
1528
4081
7,00
6022
4,00
--
Zaaf
aran
aJu
n-95
23,1
0-
-0,
756,
346
-30
3440
41,0
060
19,8
4-
-Za
firo
Jun-
0331
,90
5,50
-1,
392,
63-4
8-9
1020
2010
,77
405,
94<2
-Za
gors
koye
Jun-
0241
,2-
--
--1
8-
--
--
--
--
Zaire
Exp
ort
Zaki
nska
yaFe
b-02
46,8
--
--
-15
--
--
--
--
-Za
kum
(Low
er)
Nov
-00
39,8
04,
806,
901,
856,
50-1
8-9
1719
204,
4040
2,79
2X
-
Zaku
m (U
pper
)M
ay-9
633
,70
6,20
7,90
1,90
4,58
-51
-24
320
308,
0940
6,30
3 - 5
-Za
rzai
tine
Aug
-03
43,2
06,
708,
402,
222,
00-2
10
1722
204,
6930
3,70
1 - 8
X0,
23
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
73
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SW
ando
oN
o H
eat
No
Hea
t25
A1
B1
The
wax
con
tent
is so
low
, was
hing
is u
nnec
essa
ry.
Wes
t Des
ert
2525
25A
7B
4/B
3W
est T
exas
Inte
rmed
iate
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1W
est T
exas
Sou
r-
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.W
et Y
ombo
See
Yom
bo.
Wid
uri
-60
60A
5B
5W
oolly
butt
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Wyt
ch F
arm
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1X
i Xia
ng-
5050
A8
B8/
B7
Trea
t as F
uel O
il. W
ashi
ng m
ay b
e po
ssib
le a
t hig
h te
mpe
ratu
re.
Mor
ein
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Y
anga
--
--
-M
ore
info
rmat
ion
requ
ired.
Yiz
heng
-45
45A
3B
3Y
me
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
2/B
1Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 3
0C
may
be
requ
ired.
Yom
bo-
6060
A5
B5
Zaaf
aran
a-
3030
A8
B7
Zafir
oN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A2/
A1
B1
Zago
rsko
yeN
o H
eat
No
Hea
t-
A2/
A1
B2/
B1
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Za
ire E
xpor
tSe
e C
ongo
Com
posi
te.
Zaki
nska
ya-
--
--
Mor
e in
form
atio
n re
quire
d.Za
kum
(Low
er)
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B2
/B1
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
25
Cm
ay b
e re
quire
d.Za
kum
(Upp
er)
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
1B
1Za
rzai
tine
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
2/A
1B
1Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 2
5C
and
botto
m w
ashi
ng m
ay b
e re
quire
d. H
owev
er, t
here
will
be
an a
ssoc
iate
d lo
ss o
flig
ht e
nds f
rom
the
carg
o.
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
74
CR
UD
E TY
PEU
PDA
TED
API
VA
POU
RG
AS<
C4
TOTA
LPO
UR
CLO
UD
VIS
CO
SITY
H2S
H2S
Ben
zene
GR
AV
ITY
PRES
SUR
EW
AX
PO
INT
POIN
T(C
alc)
mm
2 /sO
ilPh
ase
Vap
our
Phas
e(p
sig)
(% m
/m)
(% m
/m)
(C
)(
C)
(ppm
)
Con
firm
ed(%
m/m
)(T
ypic
al)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
(Ran
ge)
T 1V
1T 2
V2
(Typ
ical
)Ze
it B
ayD
ec-9
435
,30
1,60
6,54
2,48
5,06
-93
2138
208,
1750
3,52
--
Zuat
a M
ediu
mJu
n-03
28,5
--
1,28
0,5
-60
--4
-20
15,7
--
<2-
Zuei
tina
Mar
-96
39,0
04,
805,
000,
808,
600
628
3220
8,81
306,
010,
1X
0,12
AN
NEX
D -
CR
UD
E O
IL D
ATA
SH
EETS
75
CR
UD
E TY
PEM
INIM
UM
TEM
PER
ATU
RE
CO
W C
OD
ESR
EMA
RK
SR
EQU
IRED
(C
)R
EQ
(CO
WT)
(SB
T)LO
AD
CA
RR
IAG
ED
ISC
HA
RG
EA
W/A
SB
W/B
SZe
it B
ayN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
This
cru
de m
ay b
e su
bjec
t to
wax
layd
own
in c
old
cond
ition
s. H
eatin
g to
25
Can
d bo
ttom
was
hing
may
be
requ
ired.
How
ever
, the
re w
ill b
e an
ass
ocia
ted
loss
of
light
end
s fro
m th
e ca
rgo.
Zuat
a M
ediu
mN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
A1
B1
Zuei
tina
No
Hea
tN
o H
eat
No
Hea
tA
3/A
2B
3/B
2Th
is c
rude
may
be
subj
ect t
o w
ax la
ydow
n in
col
d co
nditi
ons.
Hea
ting
to 3
0C
and
full
cycl
e w
ashi
ng m
ay b
e re
quire
d.
Top Related