Health Science 1101Chapter 3Integumentary System
Integument, or Skin Structure Three layers of
the skin
(from superficial to deep)
1. epidermis
2. dermis
3. subcutaneous
Skin Structure Terms
adip/o
lip/o
steat/o
cutane/o
dermat/o
derm/o
hidr/o
sudor/o
seb/o
onych/o
Pil/o
trich/o
Skin Condition Terms
Ichthy/o
Kerat/o
Myc/o
Necr/o
scler/o
squam/o
xer/o
hydr/o
Skin Color Termscyan/o
erythr/o
leuk/o
albin/o
melan/o
xanth/o
Vitiligo: localized loss of skin pigmentation. Sometimes called leukoderma
Skin Prefixesauto-
epi-
hypo-
sub-
Skin Suffixes
-plasty
-tome
-cele
-cyte
-emia
-esis
-itis
-logy
-logist
-tome
-oma
-osis
-pathy
-rrhea
-penia
-phagia
-phoresis
-derma
-malacia
-therapy
Lesions
Primary lesion: Initial reaction to pathologically altered tissue that may be flat or elevated
Secondary lesion: Result from the changes that take place in the primary lesion due to infection, scratching, trauma, or various stages of the disease.
HemorrhageContusion: Hemorrhage of any size, under
the skin, in which the skin is not broken. AKA: A bruise.
Petechia: Minute or small hemorrhagic spot on the skin
Ecchymosis: Discoloration on the skin consisting of large, irregularly formed hemorrhagic areas. The color is blue-black, changing in time to greenish brown or yellow; commonly called a bruise
Hematoma: Elevated, localized collection of blood trapped under the skin, usually the result of trauma.
Eczema, psoriasis, hirsutism
Eczema: Inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, itching and blisters
Psoriasis: Chronic skin disease characterized by itchy red patches covered with silvery scales.
Hair growth or hair loss
Hirsutism: Condition characterized by excessive growth of hair in unusual places.
Alopecia: Absence or loss of hair.
Impetigo, Scabies, Tinea
Impetigo: Inflammatory skin disease characterized by isolated pustules that become encrusted and rupture
Scabies: Contagious disease transmitted by mites
Tinea: Fungal infection, also called ringworm
Bumps
Verruca: Rounded epidermal growths caused by viruses. AKA: Warts
Uticaria: Allergic reaction characterized by pale-red elevated, itchy patches. Also called wheals or hives.
Zits and Blackheads
Acne: Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous follicles. May include comedos, papules and pustules.
Comedos: discolored, dried sebum plugging up a excretory duct in the skin. AKA: A blackhead.
Types of Bumps
Abscesses
Abscess: Localized collection of pus at the site of infection
Furuncle: Abscess that originates in a hair follicle, also called a boil.
Carbuncle: Cluster of furuncles in the subcutaneous tissue
Other Skin Disorders
Cyst: A closed sac or pouch in or under the skin that contains fluid, semifluid or solid material.
Ulcer: Lesion of the skin marked by inflammation, necrosis, and sloughing of damaged tissue.
Pressure ulcer: Ulceration caused by prolonged pressure, usually in one who is bedridden. Also called a bedsore or decubitus ulcer
Skin Cancers
Melanoma: A black cancerous tumor of the skin
Basal Cell Carcinoma: A type of skin cancer affecting the basal cell layer of the epidermis
Skin TreatmentBiopsy: Removal of a small
piece of living tissue for microscopic examination used to diagnose and treat disease.
Skin test: Process of inoculating the skin with a small amount of allergen to detect sensitivity.
Abrasion: Scraping or rubbing away of a surface, like the skin.
More TreatmentCryosurgery: Use of subfreezing
temperature to destroy abnormal tissue and cells.
Debridement: removal of foreign material and dead or damaged tissue to promote healing.
Incision and drainage (I and D): Incision of a lesion, such as an abscess, followed by the drainage of its contents.
More Treatments
Skin Resurfacing: Procedure for repairing damaged skin, acne scars, wrinkles or tattoos. May involve lasers, chemicals or abrasion.
Chemical Peel: Use of chemicals to remove the outer layers of the skin.
Dermabrasion: Skin treatment that uses abrasive materials like sandpaper or wire brushes.
Skin Abbreviations
AIDS: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
BCC: Basal Cell Carcinoma
BX, bx: Biopsy
FH: Family History
FS: Frozen Section
I&D: Incision and Drainage
ID: Intradermal
More Skin Abbreviations
IM: Intramuscular
IMP: Impression, or diagnosis
PE: Physical Examination
Sub-Q, Subcu: Subcutaneous
Ung: Ointment
WBC: White blood cell
XP: Xeroderma pigmentosum
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