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Hands on with Symfony2
Ryan Weaver@weaverryan
Who is this dude?
• Co-author of the Symfony2 Docs
• Core Symfony2 contributor
• Founder of KnpLabs US
• Geek, running, Nashville
http://www.twitter.com/weaverryanhttp://www.github.com/weaverryan
iostudio
• Advertising & Integrated Marketing Solutions
• A great, growing Nashville tech company
• Hiring good developers (of all backgrounds) to be part of a dynamic, fun team
http://iostudio.com/careers
Quality. Innovation. Excitement.
• Your symfony/Symfony2 development experts
• Consulting & application auditing
• Symfony2 Training
• Behind lots of open source initiatives
KnpLabs
• Right here in Nashville: May 19th & 20th
• real coding, real project• Doctrine2, forms, security, caching, etc• Cool libraries like Assetic, Imagine, Behat• Lot’s more
• Or join us in New York City: June 6th & 7th
Symfony2 Training
http://bit.ly/symfony-training
Act 1:
Meet Symfony
Symfony is a PHP Framework, a Philosophy, and
a Community - all working together in harmony.
symfony.com/what-is-symfony
What is Symfony2?
• A group of standalone PHP components
• Bundled into a full-service framework
Symfony2
Solves your difficult, redundant problems
... and then stays the hell out of the way
• Data persistence(via Doctrine)
• Security• Forms• Validation• Templating• Autoloading• Logging
Problems Solved
• Asset Management• Routing• File+Dir Traversing• Translation• Dependency Injection• Image Manipulation• Console Tasks• Caching
Act 2:
Why Symfony2?
By way of comparison, Symfony 2.0 is about 3 times faster than Version 1.4 or than Zend Framework 1.10,
while taking up 2 times less memory.
http://symfony.com/six-good-technical-reasons
Symfony2 is fast
“Symfony2 is an extremely full featured, modular, and
crazy fast framework.”
spf13.com/post/symfony2
Steve FranciaVice President of Engineering at OpenSky
Symfony2 is full-featured
“Symfony2 is probably one of the most flexible PHP frameworks ever
created. You can literally change everything.”
~ Blog.NewITFarmer.com
Infinitely Flexible Architecture
http://bit.ly/symfony-new-it-farmer
A huge community of developers
• 167 core contributors
• 87 documentation contributors
... and counting ...
A huge eco-system of open source libraries
• 223 open source Symfony2 bundles
• 74 open source Symfony2 projects
... and counting ...
Symfony2Bundles.org
• 223 open source bundles• 74 open source projects
http://symfony2bundles.org/
• One of the most popular PHP frameworks in the world
• First released in October 2005
• Nearly 100 releases
• Powers a lot of big sites
nationalguard.com, dailymotion.com, exercise.com, shopopensky.com, etc
Proven Reputation
Act 3:
Dive into Symfony
• Symfony offers “distributions” (think Ubuntu)
• The “Standard Distribution” comes with everything you’ll need + some bonuses
• Fully-functional application• Intelligent default configuration• Some demo pages we can play with
The “Standard Distribution”
Step 2: Unzip it!
$ cd /path/to/webroot
$ tar zxvf /path/to/Symfony_Standard_Vendors_2.0.0PR11.tgz
Step 3: Run it!
http://localhost/Symfony/web/config.php
•Fix any major problems (e.g. missing libraries, permissions issues) that Symfony reports
• Then click “Configure your Symfony Application online”
Tend to your Garden
Step 3: Configure it!
Optional: but a nice interface to get you started
quickly
Finished!
This *is* your first Symfony2
page
Act 4:
Let’s create some pages
The 3 Steps to a Page
Step1: Symfony matches the URL to a route
Step2: Symfony executes the controller (a PHP function) of the route
Step3: The controller (your code) returns a Symfony Response object
/hello/ryan
<h1>Hello ryan!</h1>
• Our goal: to create a hello world-like app
• ... and then to make it do all sorts of interesting things ...
remove half the code, JSON version, security, caching...
Hello {insert-name}!
Step1: Symfony matches the URL to a route
_welcome: pattern: / defaults: { _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Welcome:index }/
You define the routes (URLs) of your app
/hello/ryanhello_demo: pattern: /hello/{name} defaults: { _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Meetup:hello }
Homework
Add the following route toapp/config/routing.yml
** Routes can also be defined in XML, PHP and as annotations
hello_demo: pattern: /hello/{name} defaults: { _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Meetup:hello }
hello_demo: pattern: /hello/{name} defaults: { _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Meetup:hello }
Step2: Symfony executes the controller of the route
Controller Class::method()
Acme\DemoBundle\Controller\MeetupController::helloAction()
Symfony will execute this PHP method
HomeworkCreate the controller class:
<?php// src/Acme/DemoBundle/Controller/MeetupController.phpnamespace Acme\DemoBundle\Controller;
use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\Controller;use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
class MeetupController extends Controller{ public function helloAction($name) { return new Response('Hello '.$name); }}
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
public function helloAction($name){ return new Response('Hello '.$name);}
Step 3: The Controller returns a Symfony Response object
This is the only requirement of a controller
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
public function helloAction($name){ return new Response('Hello '.$name);}
Routing Placeholders
hello_demo: pattern: /hello/{name} defaults: { _controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Meetup:hello }
The route matches URLs like /hello/*
And gives you access to the {name} value
It’s Alive!
http://localhost/Symfony/web/app_dev.php/hello/ryan
Rendering a Template
• A template is a tool that you may choose to use
• A template is used to generate “presentation” code (e.g. HTML)
• Keep your pretty (<div>) code away from your nerdy ($foo->sendEmail($body)) code
HomeworkRender a template in the controller
public function helloAction($name){ $response = $this->render( 'AcmeDemoBundle:Meetup:hello.html.twig', array('name' => $name) ); return $response;}
HomeworkCreate the template file
{# src/Acme/DemoBundle/Resources/views/Meetup/hello.html.twig #}
Hello {{ name }}
This is Twig
Twig is a fast, secure and powerful templating engine
We *LOVE* Twig... but
Symfony2 fully supports Twig and regularPHP templates
It’s Still Alive!
http://localhost/Symfony/web/app_dev.php/hello/ryan
Dress that Template
• All pages share common elements (header, footer, sidebar, etc)
• We think about the problem differently: a template can be decorated by another
template inheritance allows you to build a base "layout" template that contains all the common elements of your site and defines "blocks" that child templates can override
header
sidebar content
A base layout file defines “blocks”
Each block can have a default value
{% block header %} <h1>Welcome!</h1>{% endblock %}
header
sidebar contentand “overrides” the parent’s blocks
The child template “extends” the parent
{% block header %} <h1>Super hello Welcome!</h1>{% endblock %}
HomeworkMake the template extend a base template
{# src/Acme/DemoBundle/Resources/views/Meetup/hello.html.twig #}{% extends "AcmeDemoBundle::layout.html.twig" %}
{% block title "Hello " ~ name %}
{% block content %} <h1>Hello {{ name }}!</h1>{% endblock %}
layout: src/Acme/DemoBundle/Resources/views/layout.html.twig
It’s Beautiful!
http://localhost/Symfony/web/app_dev.php/hello/ryan
Act 5:
Remove all the code
Do Less Work
• So far, we have:• a route• a controller• a template
• We can do all of this with even less code
Homework
Change yourapp/config/routing.yml
This now imports routing information from our controller
hello_demo: resource: "@AcmeDemoBundle/Controller/MeetupController.php" type: annotation
Homework
Add the route to your controller /** * @extra:Route("/hello/{name}", name="hello_demo") */ public function helloAction($name) { $response = $this->render( 'AcmeDemoBundle:Meetup:hello.html.twig', array('name' => $name) ); return $response; }
The PHP comments are called “annotations”
Symfony can use annotations to read routing config
Your route and controller are in the same place!
Annotations /** * @extra:Route("/hello/{name}", name="hello_demo") */ public function helloAction($name) { $response = $this->render( 'AcmeDemoBundle:Meetup:hello.html.twig', array('name' => $name) ); return $response; }
The PHP comments are
called “annotations”
Symfony can use annotations to read routing configYour route and controller are in the same place!
Remove more code
Instead of rendering the template, tell Symfony to do it for you /** * @extra:Route("/hello/{name}", name="hello_demo") * @extra:Template() */ public function helloAction($name) { return array('name' => $name); }
/** * @extra:Route("/hello/{name}", name="hello_demo") * @extra:Template() */ public function helloAction($name) { return array('name' => $name); }
Controller: AcmeDemoBundle:Meetup:hello
Template: AcmeDemoBundle:Meetup:hello.html.twig
Now with less code!
http://localhost/Symfony/web/app_dev.php/hello/ryan
Act 6:
JSON { name: “Ryan” }
Create a JSON API
• We have an HTML version of our page
• How about a JSON version?
Add a _format to the route/** * @extra:Route("/hello/{name}.{_format}", defaults={"_format"="html"}) * @extra:Template() */public function helloAction($name){ return array('name' => $name);}
“/hello/ryan” still works exactly as before
Create a JSON template
“/hello/ryan.json” renders a JSON array
{# src/Acme/DemoBundle/Resources/views/Meetup/hello.json.twig #}
{% set arr = { 'name': name } %}
{{ arr | json_encode | raw }}
{"name":"ryan"}
It’s that simple
To review
• Symfony looks for the value of the special “_format” routing placeholder
• The _format is used in the name of the template (hello.json.twig)
• Symfony also returns the proper Content-Type (application/json)
RestBundle
• For a truly robust solution to RESTful API’s, see the community-driven RestBundle
https://github.com/FriendsOfSymfony/RestBundle
Act 7:
With annotations, you can
Add security
/** * @extra:Route("/hello/admin/{name}") * @extra:Secure(roles="ROLE_ADMIN") * @extra:Template() */public function helloadminAction($name){ return array('name' => $name);}
Add caching
/** * @extra:Route("/hello/{name}.{_format}", defaults={"_format"="html"}) * @extra:Template() * @extra:Cache(maxage="86400") */public function helloAction($name){ return array('name' => $name);}
Act 8:
PHP Libraries by theSymfony Community
Doctrine2http://www.doctrine-project.org/
• Database Abstraction Library (DBAL)
• Object Relational Mapper (ORM)
• Object Document Mapper (ODM)--> (for Mongo DB)
Doctrine persists data better than anyone
Assetic
• PHP asset management framework
• Run CSS and JS through filters• LESS, SASS and others• Compress the assets
• Compile CSS and JS into a single file each
https://github.com/kriswallsmith/assetic
Behat + Mink
• Behavioral-driven development framework
http://behat.org/
• Write human-readable sentences that test your code (and can be run in a browser)
Gaufrette
• PHP filesystem abstraction library
• Read and write from Amazon S3 or FTP like a local filesystem
https://github.com/knplabs/Gaufrette
// ... setup your filesystem
$content = $filesystem->read('myFile');$content = 'Hello I am the new content';
$filesystem->write('myFile', $content);
Imagine
• PHP Image manipulation library
• Does crazy things and has crazy docs
use Imagine\Image\Box;use Imagine\Image\Point;
$image->resize(new Box(15, 25)) ->rotate(45) ->crop(new Point(0, 0), new Box(45, 45)) ->save('/path/to/new/image.jpg');
https://github.com/avalanche123/Imagine
Silex
• Microframework built from Symfony2 Components
require_once __DIR__.'/silex.phar';
$app = new Silex\Application();
$app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) { return "Hello $name"; });
$app->run();
http://silex-project.org/
• That’s your whole app :)
Sonata Admin Bundle
• Admin generator for Symfony2
https://github.com/sonata-project/AdminBundle
Act 9:
Last words
Symfony2 is...
• Fast as hell• Infinitely flexible• Fully-featured• Driven by a huge community
• Not released yet...Release candidate coming very soon...
Thanks!
Ryan Weaver@weaverryan
Questions?
Symfony2 Trainingin Nashville
Join us May 19th & 20th