Habitat and Adaptations
Habitat
= the neighborhood an animal lives in.
Beaver
Where does he live?
Builds himself a lodge in lakes and wetlands
HabitatHow is the beaver equipped to live in this
environment
Beaver
Thick oily fur to keep him warm
Broad flat tail to swim
Webbed hind feet
Long teeth (incisors) to cut down trees
Habitat
• Provides shelter• Provides food and water• Has a climate to which animals are adapted• Has other animals of the same species so that
they can reproduce
The environment in which a species lives is called its habitat.
Adaptation
• Adjustments of a species to be more suited to live in an environment
Adaptation to climate
Fur: thick and white
Small ears, short tail
More compact body
Arctic fox Red fox
Adaptation
– Adaptation to climate• Fur thickness,
• Fur colour,
• Animal body shape (ears and tail)
• Body fat
Adaptation to the way they move
Ducks mostly move on water not on land Have webbed feet
compact, streamlined body with strong feet adjusted for swimming
Albatross
The claws of the chameleon help him walk on thin branches
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRPYSbbIP24
Adaptation
– Adaptation to how they move• Webbed feet
• body adapted to flying vs. swimming
• opposing digits for climbing
• Streamlined body of fish
Adaptation to what they eat
The function of different types of teeth
Incisor (shred, cut)
Canine (tear)
Premolar and Molar (grind and crush)
Adaptation to what they eat
Herbivore: Well developed Molars
Carnivore: Well developed Canines
Rodent Herbivore: Well developed Incisors
Which skull belongs to which animal?
What are humans?
• Omnivores
All our teeth are well developed
What do they eat?
• Short, strong, hooked beak
Carnivor
Red-tailed hawk
• Short, strong, wide beak
seeds, insects berries
cardinal
• Short and slender beak
InsectivorCatches insects
swallow
• Long, slender beak
hummingbird
Nectar from flowers, insect eggs, aphids
• Big, long, powerful beak
Everything they can find
Omnivore
crow
Adaptations to what they eatmammals• Herbivores (eat plants)
> well developed molars
• Rodent herbivores (eat seeds and nuts)> well developed incisors
• Carnivores ( eat meat)
> well developed canines
birds• Birds of prey (eat meat)
> short strong hooked beak• Cardinal (eats hard seeds)
> short wide beak• Swallow (eats insects)
> short and slender beak• Crow, sea gull (omnivore)
> eat plants, seeds or meat> long strong, thick beak
• Bright colors to attract female
• visual signal
Adaptation to the way they communicate
• Waggle dance to indicate which direction to find food
• visual signal
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-7ijI-g4jHg
Adaptation to the way they communicate
• Birds sing to attract females and to mark their territory
• auditory signal
Adaptation to the way they communicate
• Howling to confirm membership in the pack, signal readiness to hunt and mark territory.
• auditory signal
Adaptation to the way they communicate
• Whistleto stay in contact with other dolphins
Auditory signal
Adaptation to the way they communicate
• Skunks spray a liquid to ward off predators
• olfactory signal
• Dogs, wolfs and moose use urine to mark their territory
Adaptation to the way they communicate
AdaptationAdaptation to the way they communicate
• Visual signals - animal colours
- animal movements
• Auditory signals - birds sing to mark their territory
- wolfs howl to confirm membership
- dolphins whistle to stay in contact
• Olfactory signals - skunks spray to warn predators
- dogs urinate to mark their territory
Adaptation to the way they orient
Echolocation
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vpxEmD0gu0Q
Plant adaptations• Plants need help to spread their seeds
Coconut palm
Dandelion
• Adaptation to the way seeds are spread
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=48YAHg-kY10
• Animals eating fruit spread the seeds of the fruit.
Coffee beans that have gone through a monkeys digestive system are the most expensive coffee beans on earth.
Plant adaptations
• How to spread seeds.– Dandelion wind– Coconut palm water– Fruit producing plants animals
Plant adaptations
Attraction through smell
Attraction through imitation
Nectar deep inside flower
Plants need the help of insects to fertilize their flowers
Plant adaptations
• How to attract insects for fertilization– Smell – Imitation
• The needles of coniferous trees allow them to grow in colder regions.
• Needles are covered with thick waxy layer to conserve water and heat.
Plant adaptations – where they live
• succulent plants store water in their trunks to survive the dry season
Plant adaptations – where they live
Plant adaptations – where they live
• = algae and fungi living together
• Algae provides food – (photosynthesis)
• Fungi provides moistureLichen
Symbiosis:A mutually beneficial relationship between two living organisms
Plant adaptations• How to withstand climate.– Needles of coniferous trees more resistant.– Algae of lichens are protected by mushrooms.– Cacti store water in their stems.
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