Graphing / Using Graphs• To illustrate what happens during the
course of an experiment is done with a graph.
• Graph = a visual display of information of data.
• Slope = steepness, the ratio of vertical to horizontal change
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Slope=Rise Run
Rise = change in “y” (vert.) axis/variable
Run= change in “x” (horz.) axis/variable
Ratio of vertical change : change horizontal
Dependent and Independent Variables• Manipulated or Independent variable = causes a
change in the other variable. ****Y axis/vertical axis****
(length of time, speed)
• Responding or Dependent variable = a factor whose value changes or depends upon the value of the manipulated/ independent variable.
****X axis/ horizontal **** (amount of temperature, damage)
Independent Variable
X Axis
Dependant Variable Y Axis
Line Graphs• Line graphs are used to show trends
or how the data change over time.
• Adjacent points are related with a straight or curving line.
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Line Graphs• The dependent variable is plotted on the
vertical y-axis.
• The independent variable is plotted on the horizontal x-axis.
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Time
Temperature
Graphs Show Change
• In Figure 2-10, two things are changing, or varying – time and temperature.
• Time the independent variable. Its value does not depend on changes in the other variable, temp.
• Temperature is the dependent variable. Its value depends on changes in time.
A bar graph is used for comparing information collected by counting
Bar Graphs• A bar graph is useful for comparing
information collected by counting.
• In a bar graph, the bars are not connected.
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Circle Graphs• Circle or Pie Graphs show how a fixed quantity is broken down into parts.
• The circle represents the total. The slices represent the parts as percentages.
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SI Use in the U.S.
• Where do we use SI other than in science??
Athletics = metersMedicine = mg. & ml.Soft drinks = L
Benefits
• Easy to convert powers of 10
• One time cost
• Ready for trade to other countries
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